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Same calendar day discharge (SCDD) following total joint arthroplasty is desirable for patients and surgeons alike. The aim of this study was to compare the success rate of SCDD in an ambulatory surgical center (ASC) versus hospital setting. A retrospective analysis was performed on 510 patients who underwent primary hip and knee total joint arthroplasty over a 2-year period. The final cohort was divided into 2 groups based on location of surgery: ASC (N = 255) or hospital (N = 255). Groups were matched for age, sex, body mass index, American Society of Anesthesiologists score, and Charleston Comorbidity Index. Successes of SCDD, reasons for failure of SCDD, length of stay (LOS), and 90-day readmission and complication rates were recorded. All SCDD failures were from the hospital setting (36 [65.6%] total knee arthroplasty [TKA] and 19 [34.5%] total hip arthroplasty [THA]). There were no failures from the ASC. The main causes of failed SCDD in both THA and TKA included failed physical therapy and urinary retention. Regarding THA, the ASC group had a significantly shorter total LOS (6.8 [4.4 to 11.6] versus 12.8 [4.7 to 58.0] hours, P <.001). Similarly, TKA patients had a shorter LOS in the ASC (6.9 [4.6 to 12.9] versus 16.9 [6.1 to 57.0], P <.001). Total 90-day readmission rates were higher in the ASC group (2.75% versus 0%), where all but 1 patient underwent TKA. Similarly, complication rates were higher in the ASC group (8.2% versus 2.75%), where all but 1 patient underwent TKA. TJA performed in the ASC, compared to the hospital setting, allowed for reduced LOS and improved success of SCDD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Four profoxydim stereoisomers were successfully separated on a Chiracel OJ-3R column. • A chiral LC-MS/MS method was developed to determine profoxydim isomers in rice. • A sample preparation procedure based on QuEChERS methodology were optimized. • Chiral separation parameters; mobile phase composition, mobile phase flow rate, column temperature and modifiers were evaluated. A method for the simultaneous determination of the four stereoisomers of the chiral herbicide profoxydim in rice and husk was developed using the QuEChERS method and LC-tandem mass spectrometry. Four polysaccharide-based chiral stationary phase columns were evaluated. All four stereoisomers were successfully separated on a Chiracel OJ-3R column. The effects of mobile phase, modifiers, mobile phase flow rate and temperature on the separation were also investigated. Different QuEChERS methods were compared for the development of an optimized sample preparation procedure. The method, following SANTE guidelines, showed excellent linearity (R2 ≥ 0.99), the LODs were below 4.0 µg kg−1, and the LOQs did not exceed 12.5 µg kg−1. The overall average recoveries at three levels (12.5, 25.0 and 250 µg kg−1) ranged from 76.77 % to 106.53 %, with RSD values less than 7 %. The method is demonstrated to be convenient and reliable for the routine monitoring of profoxydim stereoisomers in rice and husk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ostracods are sensitive to environmental changes and represent a powerful tool to assess anthropogenic impact such as land use changes and deforestation. In this work we present ostracod, ephippia, diatom and geochemical data of Lake San Lorenzo sediments dating from 1956 to 2013. The ostracod assemblage consists of Darwinula stevensoni , Cypridopsis okeechobei , Cytheridella ilosvayi and an unidentified species. This Unknown species rapidly adapted to the new environmental conditions of enhanced nutrients levels and variable oxygen, whereas the other ostracods were absent in the sediments dating from around 1982 to 1992. Overall, D. stevensoni , C. okeechobei and C. ilosvayi are benthic species that occur in shallow waters or littoral zones with rich vegetation. However, we suggest C. ilosvayi was the most sensitive to oxygen variations as it is only present in sediments dating to ∼1978. The lack of ostracod preservation in the sedimentary record, especially during ∼1995–2013 could be result of anoxic lake bottom conditions caused by high organic matter content during periods of anthropogenic catchment disturbance. Finally, we suggest that analysis and description of live specimens with soft parts of the Unknown species are strongly necessary to determine this species and its environmental preferences. • Ostracods reflect high sensibility to dissolved oxygen variations in Lake San Lorenzo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The distribution of manganese as a tracer of hydrothermal activity along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (MAR) was examined, from depth profiles located between 36 and 40 degrees N. Several indications of hydrothermal activity have already been noted using transmissometer and nephelometer anomalies, demonstrating the presence of at least seven discrete hydrothermal sites. Study data supports the relatively common occurrence of high temperature 'black smoker's hydrothermal activity.

Background: In revision total hip arthroplasty (THA) cases with preserved femoral metaphyseal bone, tapered proximally porous-coated "primary" femoral stems may be an option. The objective of this study was to compare outcomes of patients with Paprosky I or II femoral bone loss undergoing revision THA with either a primary metaphyseal-engaging cementless stem or a revision diaphyseal-engaging stem.Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of 70 patients with Paprosky I or II femoral bone loss who underwent femoral revision. 35 patients who were revised using a primary cementless femoral stem were compared with 35 patients who underwent femoral revision using a revision diaphyseal-engaging stem. The groups were similar regarding age, gender, body mass index, and American Society of Anesthesiologists. Clinical and radiographic outcomes and complications were compared over an average follow-up of 2.9 years (SD 1.4).Results: Revision THA was most commonly performed for periprosthetic joint infection (N = 27, 38.6%). The groups were similar with regards to Paprosky femoral classification (P = .56), length of stay (P = .68), discharge disposition (P = .461), operative time (P = .20), and complications (P = .164). There were no significant differences between primary and revision femoral stem subsidence (0.12 vs. 0.75 mm, P = .18), leg length discrepancy (2.3 vs. 4.05 mm, P = .37), and Hip Disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score Jr (73.1 [SD 21.1] vs. 62.8 [SD 21.7], P = .088). No patient underwent additional revision surgery involving the femoral component.Conclusion: Use of modern primary cementless femoral stems is a viable option for revision hip arthroplasty in the setting of preserved proximal femoral metaphyseal bone. Outcomes are not inferior to those of revision stems and offer potential benefits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Glioblastoma (GBM) is an incurable brain tumor with inevitable recurrence. This is in part due to a highly malignant cancer stem cell (CSC) subpopulation of tumor cells that is particularly resistant to conventional treatments, including radiotherapy. Here we show that CBL0137, a small molecule anti-cancer agent, sensitizes GBM CSCs to radiotherapy. CBL0137 sequesters the FACT (facilitates chromatin transcription) complex to chromatin, resulting in cytotoxicity preferentially within tumor cells. We show that when combined with radiotherapy, CBL0137 inhibited GBM CSC growth and resulted in more DNA damage in the CSCs compared to irradiation or drug alone. Using an in vivo subcutaneous model, we showed that the frequency of GBM CSCs was reduced when tumors were pretreated with CBL0137 and then exposed to irradiation. Survival studies with orthotopic GBM models resulted in significantly extended survival for mice treated with combinatorial therapy. As GBM CSCs contribute to the inevitable recurrence in patients, targeting them is imperative. This work establishes a new treatment paradigm for GBM that sensitizes CSCs to irradiation and may ultimately reduce tumor recurrence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]