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Abstract: Nowadays, every country focuses on the smart grid because of the energy deficit. The decrease of the traditional energy caused a lot of problems. The only way to solve them is to find some new fashion energy to fulfill the consumption. So the only thing which can take the place of fossil fuel is renewable energy. There are three kinds of renewable energy which are hot in researching: wind power, photovoltaic power, and tidal power. But all of them are intermittent energy, if we settle the voltage, the power outputs would be hard to forecast and control. This caused a lot of problem for example: the quality of the power and harmonic problems. So we have to find a way to put the intermittent power into order so that it will no longer do harm to the main electric grid. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Bacteria have now been harnessed to combat human diseases, especially to meet the challenge of antimicrobial resistance. Modulating the microbiome, particularly by genetically engineering the bacteria, has provided proof-of-concept as potential pharmacotherapy, but those involved in this field should engage in discussion as how to move forward. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Quorum sensing (QS) plays an important role in aerobic granulation while how QS system regulates the formation of aerobic granules needs further discussion. This study cultivated activated sludge in two identical sequencing batch reactors (R1 and R2) at different influent organic loading rate (OLR) strategies: R1 was operated using constant OLR (around 8.0 kg/m 3 d), while R2 was operated at alternating OLR (4.0–17.0 kg/m 3 d). Microbial aggregates appeared in R2 on day 19, while the morphology of sludge in R1 changed little compared with the initial sludge. The concentration of autoinducer-2 (AI-2) in R2 showed an ascending trend, along with the increase of cell adhesiveness. The total extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) amount and large molecular weight EPS of R2 rose steadily, which was different from R1. Some bacteria able to self-aggregate and promote EPS secretion were exclusive in R2. A mechanism about aerobic granulation at alternating OLR was proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]