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Abstract The mineralization of the Lavras do Sul Mining District and Seival Mine are controlled by brittle structures associated with the emplacement of the volcanogenic rocks and granitoids located in Lavras do Sul region, southernmost Brazil. This magmatism is associated with the evolution of the Camaquã Basin, an Ediacaran basin generated during the post–collisional stage of development of the Dom Feliciano Belt. The regional tectonic process has led to the activation of a large–scale high–angle shear zones and intense fracturing in the brittle to brittle–ductile regime. The relative chronology of structures and stress–field variations were recognized through remote sensing and structural data. The ore–deposits are controlled by extensional fractures and normal fault systems with a N70°W/70–85°NE direction in Lavras do Sul and a N40–60°E/70–88°NW direction in Seival and are disseminated or occur associated with quartz and calcite veins, respectively. We made a comparison of structures going from regional scale to smaller mineralized areas. The structural analysis of remote sensing and geophysical images (aeromagnetometry and aerogamma–spectrometry) integrated with structural data allowed us to reconstruct the paleostress tensor that generated the main fault systems and associated fractures of the host rock, which enabled the hydrothermal fluid circulation and the ore deposition. The integration of structural data such as fault slip planes, slickenlines, shear fractures systems, extensional fractures and kinematic indicators with the stratigraphic data allowed us to reconstruct the main directions of the tectonic efforts associated with the emplacement of the mineralizing magmas. The mineralization is associated with the sinistral N70°W/80–88°NE oriented Palma–Jacques Fault in the Lavras do Sul Mining District as well as the sinistral N50°E/80–88°SE oriented Cabritos–Perau Fault and the sinistral N20°E/80–88°SW oriented Segredo Fault in Seival Mine region. Their maximum compressional stresses are subhorizontal and NW–SE oriented, while a late subhorizontal and NE–SW oriented compressional stress affected only the rocks of the Seival Mine. These two main compressive stresses are associated with the development of a transcurrent (escape) tectonics during the final evolution of the Dom Feliciano Belt, constrained by U Pb zircon geochronology between 600 and 580 Ma. Transcurrent and normal NE–SW oriented faults are more expressive in volcanogenic rocks of the Seival Mine area, while extensional vein–type NW–SE oriented fractures are the most important structures in the Lavras do Sul area. We suggested that N70°W/70–88°NE oriented monzonitic dikes in Lavras do Sul and N50°E/70–88°NW oriented andesitic to trachyandesitic dikes in Seival area are probably the source of the mineralization. Highlights • Brittle structural control in Au Cu Ag mineralizations. • Regional stress associated to faults and fractures ore–bearing. • Compressive stress related to mineralized areas in Camaquã Basin. • Neoproterozoic faults associated to ore deposition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Patients undergoing liver transplantation (LT) often experience dietary restrictions that may influence their nutritional status. With the objective of comparing the status of liver transplant patients pre- versus in the early and late postoperative periods, a retrospective study evaluated 33 adults (63.6% men and 36.4% women) mean age 47 years for body mass index (BMI), current body weight/ideal body weight (%CBW/IBW), current body weight/usual body weight (%CBW/UBW), adequacy of tricipital skin fold (%TSF), generalized adipose reserve (%F), adequacy of mid–upper arm muscle circumference (%MMC), and serum albumin. The elapsed time between nutritional evaluation and LT was 446 days for the pre-LT group, 31 for the early post-LT group, and 244 for the late post-LT group; 30.3% were Child C and 63.6% B in the pre-LT phase. The median value to %TST in pre-LT, early LT, and late LT were 91.7%, 70.8%, and 78.0%, respectively. The analysis of mean value of %F was 25.9% in the pretransplant, 23.3% in early postoperative, and 25.3% in late postoperative stages %MMC was 85.5% for pretransplant patients, it was 86.6% in the early versus 89.9% in the late stages. While BMI was 24.9 kg/m2 in the preoperative 22.9 kg/m2 in early, and 24.2 kg/m2 in late phases. Similarly, concerning %CBW/UBW the mean values were 96.2% in the preoperative group, 64.1% in early, and 101.9% in late groups. The %CBW/IBW mean values were 113.9% in the pre- versus 104.6% in the early and 111.2% in the late periods. The values of serum albumin and %CBW/UBW were statistically different for Child B,C as well as when the patients were not classified by the Child criteria. There was a deterioration in status from pretransplant period to early postoperative with improvement in the late period. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Objective: To determine the prevalence of malnutrition among liver transplant (LT) candidates.Materials and methods: A prospective study evaluated 219 adult LT candidates including 141 men and 78 women. Cholestatic disease was present in 21 (Child: A = 1, B = 11, and C = 9) and noncholestatic disease in 198 (Child: A = 12, B = 93, and C = 93. The mean age was respectively 45.6 and 46.5 years. Anthropometric and biochemical assessments were performed for statistical analysis using Student t test (P < .05).Results: In the noncholestatic group, 41.5% were obese according to keep a body mass index (BMI); 61.6% were depleted according to adequacy of tricipital skin fold (%TSF); and 71.1% were above normal levels for generalized adipose reserve (%F). In terms of adequacy of mid–upper arm muscle circumference (%MMC), 58% were depleted and 50.5% were depleted for the current body weight/usual body weight (%CBW/UBW). Otherwise 52.2% of current body weight/ideal body weight (%CBW/IBW) values were above normal. Serum albumin was below normal in 64.9% of cases. In the cholestatic group 62% were normal for BMI; 66.7% were depleted for %TSF; 77.8% were above normal for %F. As to %MMC, 47.6% were depleted and 47.6% were depleted for %CBW/UBW. Otherwise 47.6% were above normal weight for %CBW/IBW. Serum albumin was below normal in 53.9% and %MMC values showed statistically significant differences (P = .02) when compared with Child B and C in the noncholestatic group, as well as %F (P = .01) and serum albumin (P = .0002) in the cholestatic and noncholestatic groups. Serum albumin values also showed statistically significant differences (P = .0004) when noncholestatic Child B and C patients were compared.Conclusion: Patients with cholestatic disease were more affected by calorie depletion compared to noncholestatic patients who were more affected by protein depletion. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]