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• Nine new glucosyloxybenzyl 2 R -benzylmalate derivatives were isolated from A. graminifolia. • Structures were elucidated by MS, 1D and 2D NMR spectrometry analyses. • Arundinoside R and S are the first isolation of monodesmosidic derivatives from A. graminifolia. Nine new glucosyloxybenzyl 2 R -benzylmalate derivatives, named arundinosides R–Z (1 - 9) were isolated from the underground parts of Arundina graminifolia. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by in-depth spectroscopic data analysis including 1D and 2D NMR experiments, in combination with mass spectrometry data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a continuation of our interest in apoptosis-inducing triterpenoid saponins from Albizia genus, phytochemical investigation of the stem bark of Albizia chevalieri led to the isolation of three new oleanane-type saponins, named chevalierosides A–C ( 1 – 3 ). Their structures were established on the basis of extensive analysis of 1D and 2D NMR ( 1 H-, 13 C NMR, DEPT, COSY, TOCSY, ROESY, HSQC and HMBC) experiments, HRESIMS studies, and by chemical evidence. The pro-apoptotic effect of the three saponins was evaluated on two human cell lines (pancreatic carcinoma AsPC-1 and hematopoietic monocytic THP-1). Cytometric analyses showed that saponins 1 – 3 induced apoptosis of both human cell lines (AsPC-1 and THP-1) in a dose-dependent manner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Résumé L’immortelle italienne, surnommée l’or jaune en Corse, produit, après distillation de ses capitules jaune d’or, une huile essentielle aux propriétés remarquables au niveau cutané. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Résumé Parmi toutes les huiles essentielles (HE), celle de Lavande officinale est certainement la plus universellement connue. Elle a fait l’objet d’une centaine d’études scientifiques validant ses nombreuses propriétés liées à sa richesse en linalol et en acétate de linalyle. Contenant très peu de camphre, sa toxicité est quasiment nulle, d’où l’usage sécuritaire de cette HE, devenue incontournable dans le conseil pharmaceutique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

De nombreuses études montrent l’intérêt de l’huile essentielle (HE) de Gaulthérie dans les domaines de l’antalgie et de l’inflammation. Couramment utilisée, cette HE nécessite pourtant un conseil pharmaceutique en raison de contre-indications importantes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As part of our search of new apoptosis-inducing triterpenoid saponins from Cameroonian Albizia genus, phytochemical investigation of the roots of Albizia zygia led to the isolation of two new oleanane-type saponins, named zygiaosides A–B ( 1 – 2 ), together with two known saponins, coriarioside A ( 3 ) and lebbeckoside A ( 4 ). Their structures were established on the basis of extensive 1D and 2D NMR ( 1 H, 13 C NMR, DEPT, COSY, HSQC-TOCSY, NOESY, HSQC and HMBC) and HRESIMS studies, and by chemical evidence. The apoptotic effect of saponins 1 – 2 was evaluated on the A431 human epidermoid cancer cell. Cytometric analyses showed that saponins 1 – 2 induced apoptosis of human epidermoid cancer cell (A341) in a dose-dependent manner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

L’huile essentielle de Citron, d’odeur très agréable et tonique, peut être recommandée en olfactothérapie, en diffusion comme par voie orale ou topique. Sa richesse en limonène explique ses nombreuses propriétés : antinauséeuse, digestive, anti-inflammatoire, antistress, voire antidépressive. Des études récentes suggèrent également un impact métabolique intéressant en cas de surcharge pondérale. Son mode d’obtention par expression à froid des péricarpes des fruits du citronnier impose la sélection de citrons de qualité biologique. Des risques de photosensibilisation existent en cas d’usage topique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper summarizes the DAPHNE Project presented at the ICTH 2016. The DAPHNE (Data-as-a-Service Platform for Healthy lifestyle and preventive medicine) Project is supported by the European Community's FP7 research programme with the objective of providing personalized ICT services to support healthier lifestyles for patients with obesity and related chronic diseases. The DAPHNE Project has developed wearable sensors to monitor health behavior, with data aggregated and transmitted to a cloud-based platform where it can be accessed by health care professionals to provide off-site monitoring and clinical care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

L’huile essentielle (HE) d’ Eucalyptus globulus est surtout connue pour ses vertus expectorantes et mucolytiques, liées à sa forte teneur en 1,8-cinéole. Mais elle a également des propriétés antivirales, antifongiques, insecticides et antidouleur. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As part of our search of new bioactive saponins from Cameroonian medicinal plants, phytochemical investigation of the roots of Albizia boromoensis led to the isolation of four new oleanane-type saponins, named boromoenosides A–D ( 1–4 ). Their structures were established by direct interpretation of their spectral data, mainly HRESIMS, 1D NMR ( 1 H, 13 C NMR, and DEPT) and 2D NMR (COSY, NOESY, HSQC and HMBC), and by comparison with the literature data. All isolated saponins were assayed for their cytotoxicity against U-87 MG human glioblastoma cell lines and TG1 glioblastoma stem-like cells with no positive activity detected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Le clou de girofle est une épice très appréciée pour ses qualités alimentaires. Il en est extrait une huile essentielle (HE) connue surtout en médecine dentaire. Il s’agit d’une HE renfermant en grande majorité de l’eugénol, un phénol considéré comme doux mais anti-infectieux puissant et à large spectre. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

L’huile essentielle de Lavande officinale ou de Lavande vraie est incontournable en aromathérapie, tant son spectre d’action est large et son innocuité reconnue. De nombreuses études cliniques ont en effet validé à la fois son efficacité et sa sécurité d’emploi. Dans certaines indications, elle s’est avérée très efficace. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Actualités Pharmaceutiques is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Actualités Pharmaceutiques is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Actualités Pharmaceutiques is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract: Gabunoside (1), a new oleanane-type triterpene saponin determined as 3-O-[β-l-arabinopyranosyl-(1→2)-α-l-arabinopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-d-glucopyranosyl] maslinic acid-28-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl ester, together with the known cylicodiscoside (2), and 3-O-[α-l-arabinopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-d-glucopyranosyl] cylicodiscic acid (3) were isolated from the stem bark of Cylicodiscus gabunensis. After previous isolation of cyclodione from a Cameroonian plant, new investigations are performed on the more polar fractions of this species. Their structures were established by direct interpretation of their spectral data, mainly HRESIMS, 1D NMR (1H, 13C NMR, DEPT) and 2D NMR (COSY, NOESY, HSQC and HMBC), and by comparison with the literature. The structure of the trisaccharide moiety of cylicodiscoside has been revised. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Two new acylated flavonol pentaglycosides were isolated from the butanolic extract of Baphia nitida leaves by Sephadex LH-20 and preparative HPLC. Structural elucidation of kaempferol 3-O-β-d-xylopyranosyl(1→3)-(4-O-E-p-coumaroyl-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl(1→2))[β-d-glucopyranosyl(1→6)]-β-d-galactopyranoside-7-O-α-l-rhamnopyranoside (1) and kaempferol 3-O-β-d-xylopyranosyl(1→3)-(4-O-Z-p-coumaroyl-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl(1→2))[β-d-glucopyranosyl(1→6)]-β-d-galactopyranoside-7-O-α-l-rhamnopyranoside (2) was achieved using UV, NMR, and mass spectrometry, indicating the presence of trans or cis isomers of p-coumaric acid moiety in these novel structures. The antioxidant activity of the two compounds was assessed in the peroxynitrite assay. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Résumé L’huile essentielle de Menthe poivrée a fait l’objet de validations cliniques qui confirment son efficacité sur les troubles digestifs, les nausées, les migraines et les douleurs soulagées par le froid. Malgré sa banalisation, son emploi en aromathérapie nécessite des précautions particulières en raison de sa richesse en menthol. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Aims: To assess the evolution and patterns of obesity in countries of the WHO European Region with a particular focus on the Eastern European countries, and to discuss the health and economic implications of obesity for those countries. Methods: The available data on overweight and obesity in children and adults for the countries of the WHO European countries were collated from the International Obesity TaskForce database and considered in the light of estimates for the costs of obesity-related ill health. Results: Overweight and obesity in most countries of Europe show rising secular trends, and are predicted to continue rising if not addressed. Estimates of the costs to the health services and to economic productivity indicate that some countries may find it hard to cope with the burden of obesity: up to 6% of total health care costs and as much in indirect costs of lost productivity could be attributed to obesity and its associated illnesses. Conclusions: Transition, despite the many benefits it has undoubtedly conferred to the population living in the Region, has also entailed the collateral damage of a fast growing obesity challenge. Policy-makers in the new and candidate EU countries as well as other countries of the European Region can learn from the negative Western European and global experience, act now to stem the obesity epidemic from further developing and in so doing, reduce the substantial economic losses associated with obesity. Local, national and international strategies will be needed to combat the problem. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Consider a connected undirected graph , a subset of vertices , and an integer ; for any vertex , let denote the ball of radius r centered at v, i.e., the set of all vertices linked to v by a path of at most r edges. If for all vertices , the sets are all nonempty and different, then we call C an r-identifying code. A graph is said to be r-identifiable if it admits at least one r-identifying code. We prove the following structural properties of r-identifiable graphs. For any , any r-identifiable graph must have at least vertices. For and for any r-identifiable graph G with at least vertices, or for any and for any r-identifiable tree G with at least vertices, there always exists at least one vertex such that its removing from G leaves an r-identifiable graph. This property is not true for in general. The case remains open for general graphs. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Copyright of Actualités Pharmaceutiques is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

L’huile essentielle (HE) d’ Eucalyptus radiata fait partie des HE les plus utilisées. Ses propriétés expectorantes et mucolytiques en font une alliée de choix pour toutes les pathologies de la sphère ORL. Elle agit contre les infections, stimule l’immunité et peut être conseillée aussi bien chez l’adulte que chez l’enfant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Previous studies have shown that Red Wine Phenolic extracts induce nitric oxide (NO)-mediated vasoprotective effects, mainly by causing a redox-sensitive activation of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS). However, Red Wine Phenolic extracts are complex mixtures of a several hundreds of phenolic compounds. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to isolate active phenolic compounds using multi-step bioguided fractionation of the red wine extract. Methods: Red Wine Phenolic Extract was submitted to a bioguided fractionation using chromatographic methods. The fractions obtained at each step were tested for their potential to induce the activation of eNOS in endothelial cells. Cultures of porcine coronary artery endothelial cells (P1) were used to determine the phosphorylation level of Akt and endothelial NO synthase by Western blot analysis. Identification of phenolic compounds in each active fraction was performed by MALDI-TOF and HPLC-MS techniques. Results: The first step of fractionation on lipophilic Sephadex® yielded 9 fractions of which 4 of them significantly increased the phosphorylation level of Akt and eNOS in endothelial cells. The active fractions contained mainly procyanidins and some anthocyanins compounds. The fractionation of one of the active fractions by preparative reverse-phase HPLC yielded 11 subfractions ; all of these sub-fractions significantly increased the phosphorylation level of Akt and eNOS. The analysis of the phenolic compounds indicated that these sub-fractions contained mixtures of procyanidin dimers or conjugated anthocyanins. Conclusions: The red wine extract contains several types of phenolic compounds, which are able to enhance the activity of NO synthase in endothelial cells including procyanidins dimers and oligomers as well as several conjugated anthocyanins. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Objectives: Several rich sources of polyphenols have been shown to strongly increase the endothelial formation of nitric oxide (NO), a potent vasoprotecting factor, via the redox-sensitive activation of the PI3-kinase/Akt pathway leading to the phosphorylation of endothelial NO synthase. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the stimulatory effect of catechins on the endothelial formation of NO using different catechins (flavan-3-ols). Methods: Vascular reactivity studies were performed using porcine coronary artery rings, which were suspended in organ chambers for the measurement of changes in isometric tension. All experiments were performed in the presence of indomethacin (an inhibitor of cyclooxygenases), and the combination of apamin and charybdotoxin (two inhibitors of endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor-mediated effects) to assess only the NO component of the relaxation. Cultures of porcine coronary artery endothelial cells (P1) were used to determine the phosphorylation level of Akt and endothelial NO synthase by Western blot analysis. Both natural and synthetic catechins were evaluated. Results: (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate (EGCg) induced potent endothelium-dependent relaxations in porcine coronary artery rings. The EGCg-induced relaxation was inhibited by MnTMPyP (a membrane permeant analogue of superoxide dismutase, SOD) whereas extracellular SOD had no effect, indicating a major role of the intracellular formation of ROS. Relaxations to EGCg were minimally affected by rotenone (an inhibitory of the mitochondrial respiratory chain), sulphenazol (an inhibitor of cytochrome P450), apocynin (an inhibitor of NADPH oxidase) or allopurinol (an inhibitor of xanthine oxidase). The replacement of all hydroxyl groups of EGCg by O-methyl groups resulted in the total loss of the relaxing activity whereas partial replacement decreased the relaxing activity. Conclusions: EGCg caused endothelium-dependent relaxations of coronary arteries via the redox-sensitive formation of NO in endothelial cells. The stimulatory effect does not involve major intracellular sources of ROS including the mitochondrial respiratory chain, xanthine oxidase, NADPH oxidase and cytochrome P450 but is critically dependent on the presence of hydroxyl groups possibly leading to auto-oxidation of the polyphenol. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]