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Abstract The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) on the anode is a vital electrocatalytic reaction in the field of energy conversion. Currently, transition metals-based nanomaterials are promising Ir/Ru-alternative OER electrocatalysts in alkaline media. In this work, we report that in-situ direct growth of atomically thick Fe doped Co 3 O 4 holey nanosheets on nickel foam (Fe-Co 3 O 4 H-NSs/NF) using a simple cyanogel−NaBH 4 route, which effectively avoids the tedious post-etch process of nanosheets using plasma, acid, alkali, and so on. Benefiting from ultrathin thickness (1.5 nm), numerous holes, and synergistic effect between Co and Fe atoms, Fe-Co 3 O 4 H-NSs/NF provide a large specific surface area (199.12 m2 g−1) and highly active catalytic sites for the OER. Meanwhile, nickel foam substrate with three-dimensionally porous structure and high conductivity accelerates molecules/ions/gases transportation and electron transfer. Consequently, Fe-Co 3 O 4 H-NSs/NF with optimal Co/Fe composition show super electrocatalytic performance for the OER, including an overpotential as small as ∼204 mV at 10 mA cm−2 current density and a small Tafel slope of 38 mV dec−1, which is much better than commercial RuO 2 nanoparticles. Graphical abstract fx1 Highlights • Fe-Co 3 O 4 H-NSs/NF are obtained by a simple cyanogel−NaBH 4 route. • CoIII-CoII cyanogel precursor plays a key role for Fe-Co 3 O 4 H-NSs/NF formation. • The thickness of Fe-Co 3 O 4 H-NSs is only ca. 1.5 nm. • Fe-Co 3 O 4 H-NSs/NF with abundant pores own the high surface area and numerous defected atoms. • Fe-Co 3 O 4 H-NSs/NF have a very small overpotential for the oxygen evolution reaction in the alkaline media. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: While cigarette smoking is recognized as an important risk factor in human oral cancers, the effect of water pipe smoking (WPS) on these cancers is not known. WPS is very common in the young adult population, especially in the Middle East, and has been associated with several respiratory problems. However, to date, there have been no studies examining the association between WPS and the progression of human oral cancers. Currently, the role of WPS in human oral cancers remains uncertain because of the limited number of investigations. This raises the question of whether WPS plays a significant role in the development of human oral carcinomas. In this paper, we propose the hypothesis that human oral normal epithelial cells are vulnerable to persistent WPS; moreover, WPS could play an important role in the initiation of a neoplastic transformation of human normal oral epithelial cells. Therefore, we believe that an international collaboration of epidemiological and clinical studies as well as cellular and molecular biology investigations is necessary to answer this important question. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]