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• Tested bidirectional prospective links between body image facets and intuitive eating. • Dissatisfaction was the only facet to predict lower intuitive eating at 3-month follow-up. • Intuitive eating predicted low levels of the four body image facets at follow-up. • Findings highlight possible intervention targets for promoting intuitive eating. Using a prospective design, we investigated possible bi-directional relationships between intuitive eating and four empirically distinct components of negative body image: overvaluation (judgements of self-worth contingent upon weight/shape), dissatisfaction (general discontent with weight/shape), preoccupation (ruminative thinking about weight/shape), and fear of weight gain. We assessed adult women at baseline (T1) and four-month follow-up (T2), as prior work has demonstrated that this time lag is sufficient to detect change in intuitive eating scores. After adjusting for T1 intuitive eating scores and demographic confounds, higher T1 dissatisfaction was the only body image component to significantly predict lower T2 intuitive eating scores in both univariate and multivariate models. Higher T1 intuitive eating scores also significantly predicted lower scores on each of the four negative body image components at T2. Findings suggest that general body discontent may be one of the more important body image variables that lead to decreases in intuitive eating principles. Present findings also add to a growing body of evidence demonstrating the potentially adaptive role of intuitive eating on psychological health indices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bioinspired catechol amines, such as dopamine (DA), have been widely utilized as tissue adhesives for wound management. However, the development of DA-based adhesives is still challenging owing to the slow oxidation rate and low conjugation efficacy to the polymer backbone. Herein, we report on a new type of DA-incorporating and oxygen-generating tissue adhesive via a calcium peroxide (CaO 2)-mediated crosslinking reaction for wound management. Gelatin-based oxygen-generating tissue adhesives (GOT) are fabricated through CaO 2 -mediated oxygen generation and facilitated in situ DA polymerization. These GOT hydrogels exhibit controllable gelation and mechanical properties with strong tissue adhesiveness (15–38 kPa). Moreover, the adhesive matrices rapidly generate oxygen up to 70% p O 2 and provide transient hyperoxic conditions in vitro and in vivo. Interestingly, we demonstrate that the GOT hydrogels facilitated skin wound healing with enhanced neovascularization, hemostasis, and wound closure. In summary, we suggest that our GOT hydrogel is a promising bioactive tissue adhesive for wound management and tissue regeneration. [Display omitted] • Gelatin-based oxygen-generating tissue adhesives (GOTs) are developed for wound care. • CaO 2 -mediated oxygen generation promoted dopamine oxidation and tissue adhesiveness. • The GOT matrices provide transient hyperoxic conditions in vitro and in vivo. • Hyperoxic oxygen released from adhesives expedites wound healing with angiogenesis. • The GOT plays a role as wound closing and hemostatic material for wound management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Structured MGDGs with different HLB values were prepared enzymatically. • The HLB value of MGDGs was modulated by incorporation of capric acid. • An immobilized lipase was an effective biocatalyst for capric acid incorporation. This study aimed to enzymatically prepare structured monogalactosyldiacylglycerols (MGDGs) with different hydrophile-lipophile balance (HLB) values for use as emulsifiers. Acidolysis of Perilla frutescens -derived MGDGs with capric acid (10:0) was conducted to obtain structured MGDGs containing 10:0. Lewatit VP OC 1600-immobilized Rhizomucor miehei lipase was used as the biocatalyst. Structured MGDGs (HLB value = 2.95–7.17) containing 13.0–70.6 mol% 10:0 were obtained from P. frutescens MGDGs (HLB value = 1.93). A quadratic regression equation (R 2 = 0.920) to predict the 10:0 content of the structured MGDGs under the given conditions was established using response surface methodology. Using a linear regression equation (R 2 = 0.999) to predict the HLB value by 10:0 content, structured MGDGs containing 27.1–54.6 mol% 10:0 were predicted to have an HLB value of 4–6, indicating their potential applicability as hydrophobic emulsifiers. Structured MGDGs with a purity of ∼ 43% w/w were obtained from the reaction products using silica column chromatography. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we report the first example of a bismuth film electrode plated in situ using activated graphene (AG). The AG was prepared through of process of chemical activation of graphene oxide (GO) with KOH to create pores. The composite electrode was enhanced as an electrochemical sensing platform to determine trace Zn 2+ , Cd 2+ , and Pb 2+ using differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry. The surface morphology of the AG-NA/Bi composite film modified electrode was investigated by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The electrochemical properties of the AG-NA/Bi composite electrode were evaluated to examine the effects of experimental variables, such as deposition potential, deposition time, bismuth concentration, and stirring speed during pre-concentration, on the determination of trace metals in 0.1 M acetate buffer solution (pH 4.5). Linear calibration curves ranged from 5 to 100 μg L −1 for trace heavy metal ions. The detection limits were 0.57 μg L −1 for Zn 2+ , 0.07 μg L −1 for Cd 2+ , and 0.05 μg L −1 for Pb 2+ (S/N = 3). The limits of detection achieved are much lower than the guideline for drinking water quality provided by the World Health Organization (WHO). The AG-NA/Bi composite film electrodes were successfully applied to analysis trace metals in real samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Body image is associated with self-esteem and identity and has a close relationship with quality of life (QoL). We compared the impact of surgical scars on the patient’s perception of body image between conventional open thyroidectomy (OT) and robotic thyroidectomy (RT) in female papillary thyroid carcinoma patients. Methods: From October 2009 to December 2010, we enrolled prospectively 116 papillary thyroid carcinoma patients who underwent total thyroidectomy at the Yonsei University Health System (Seoul, Korea). Of these 116 patients, 56 had OT and 60 RT. Their scars were assessed using the Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS), and psychometric properties were evaluated using the Body Image Scale (BIS) questionnaire postoperatively. Both groups were compared using cross-sectional and time-series methods. Results: Mean age was significantly younger in the RT group. Regarding scar quality, the OT group showed superiority in scar pigmentation and the total VSS score during the early postoperative period, but the VSS score improved over time and was similar between both groups at 9 months. The RT group had better scores regarding most of the BIS items, a trend that remained relatively constant over time. In patients with noticeable scars (VSS ≥ 2) at 9 months, the RT group had better BIS scores regarding almost all items, including “self-conscious,” “physical attractiveness,” “feeling of less feminine,” “sexual attractiveness,” “dissatisfaction with body, scar and appearance when dressed,” and “avoidance of people due to appearance.” Conclusion: RT provides a better self-body image and improves QoL compared with conventional OT by avoiding a noticeable cervical scar. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Background: Robotic operations have enabled a safer and more meticulous approach to thyroidectomy with the notable benefit of improved cosmesis and decreases in postoperative pain and swallowing discomfort. The aim of this study was to document the early surgical outcomes of robotic thyroidectomy in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) by comparing it with conventional open thyroidectomy. Methods: From October 2007 to September 2008, 458 patients with PTC underwent thyroidectomy at the Yonsei University Health System. Of these patients, 266 patients were in the conventional open group and 192 patients were in the robotic group. These 2 groups were compared retrospectively with respect to clinicopathologic characteristics and surgical outcomes. Results: The mean follow-up period was 29.1 months. Mean tumor size, incidence of capsular invasion, multiplicity, and central nodal metastasis showed no significant difference between the 2 groups. Total thyroidectomy was performed more frequently in the open group. In terms of operation times, the robotic group had a significantly greater length of time for total thyroidectomy and subtotal thyroidectomy. The total number of retrieved central lymph nodes was greater in the open group (5.7 vs 4.6, P = .004). The 2 groups showed no differences in intraoperative and postoperative complications. The postoperative serum thyroglobulin levels were similar in both groups (0.25 vs 0.22 ng/mL, P = .648) and 2-year follow-up sonography of 433 patients revealed no recurrences. No abnormal I131 uptake was observed in whole-body scans in either group. Conclusion: Robotic thyroidectomy was similar to conventional open thyroidectomy in terms of early surgical outcomes but offers advantages. We conclude that robotic thyroidectomy offers a safe, feasible alternative to conventional open thyroidectomy in patients with PTC. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: In this paper, we use continuous urban structure instead of zonal model, try to calculate unbiased excess commuting with joint distribution of homes and workplaces developed by , and describe the relationship between urban structure and commuting distance explicitly and theoretically for generalized home–workplace assignment pattern. We simplify the quadrivariate distribution model to a model with three important parameters: the spread of homes, the spread of workplaces, and the spatial correlation of homes and workplaces. Then we show that excess commuting and capacity utilization are expressed by the imbalance and the spatial correlation of jobs–housing structure in a theoretical context, moreover it explicitly evaluates targeting US and Japanese/Korean cities. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Stimuli-responsive materials based on donor–acceptor systems have great potential for sensing applications, including in the solid state. Herein, two push–pull-type molecules, 3,6-di(9 H -carbazol-9-yl)pyridazine (CzPyr–H) and 3,6-bis(3,6-dimethoxy-9 H -carbazol-9-yl)pyridazine (CzPyr–OMe), each of which contain two carbazole donors and a pyridazine acceptor, were designed and synthesized. The photophysical properties of CzPyr–H and CzPyr–OMe were systematically explored with the aim of switching the absorption and emission properties using trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) as an external analyte, thus realizing volatile acid sensing. The protonation of the central pyridazine unit led to a broad absorption band at longer wavelengths owing to intramolecular charge transfer (ICT), and the emission intensity gradually decreased with increasing TFA concentration. Density functional theory calculations of the HOMO–LUMO energy gaps and orbital distributions of CzPyr–H and CzPyr–OMe as well as their protonated forms, CzPyr–H(H+) and CzPyr–OMe(H+) , confirmed that charge transfer occurred in the protonated species. In their aggregated solid states, both compounds showed interesting emission properties including aggregation-enhanced emission (AEE). Utilizing their TFA sensitivity and the AEE phenomenon, CzPyr–H and CzPyr–OMe were successfully applied as fluorescent probes for volatile acid detection and as security ink for information encryption on paper. [Display omitted] • Carbazole and pyridazine-based compounds are prepared to study acid-sensing ability. • Methoxy functionalized compound exhibits higher sensitivity as a TFA sensor. • Both compounds can be reversibly switched off and on by controlling the pH. • Develop fluorescent probes for volatile acid detection and security ink. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

G-protein-coupled receptor 119 (GPR119) has great potential as a therapeutic target for the treatment of type II diabetes. Novel thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine derivatives were discovered as GPR119 agonists through a bioisosteric replacement strategy. The sulfonylphenyl thieno[3,2-d] pyrimidine scaffold was introduced, and its derivatives exhibited potent agonistic activity for GPR119 in cell-based assays. The representative derivative 43 displayed excellent pharmacokinetic profiles in rodents and significantly improved glucose tolerance in vivo. In OGTT study, compound 43 reduced significantly blood glucose levels in both mice and rats. [Display omitted] • Novel GPR119 agonists were designed by bioisosteric replacement for scaffold. • Thienopyrimidine derivatives exhibited potent agonistic activity in cell-based assays. • Compound 43 showed good pharmacokinetic profiles with great oral bioavailability. • Compound 43 reduced significantly blood glucose levels in rodents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: We characterized the unilaterally 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-lesioned rat, a well-known acute model of Parkinson''s disease (PD), with [18F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose (FDG) small-animal positron emission tomography (PET), which we compared with a drug-induced rotation behavioral test. In the 6-OHDA model, significant glucose hypometabolism was present in the primary motor cortex, substantia nigra, and pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus on the ipsilateral side. In contrast, neuronal activations were observed in the primary somatosensory cortex and ventral caudate–putamen area after lesioning. Correlation analysis revealed a significant relationship between the behavioral results and the degree of glucose metabolism impairment in the primary motor cortex, substantia nigra, and pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus. In addition, the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus correlated significantly with the primary somatosensory cortex, the ventral caudate–putamen, the substantia nigra, and the primary motor cortex. Furthermore, the primary motor cortex also showed significant correlations with the substantia nigra. In conclusion, In vivo cerebral mapping of the 6-OHDA-lesioned rats using [18F]-FDG PET showed correspondence at the functional levels to the cortico–subcortical network impairment observed in PD patients. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]