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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify factors that can complicate the surgical removal of intrabony cysts and any relevant correlations between them.Patients and Methods: The medical records of 249 patients who underwent surgical removal of intrabony cysts were retrospectively reviewed. Outcome variables were postoperative complications, infection, and recurrence. Predictor variables were patient age, gender, comorbidities, anatomic location, pathologic diagnosis, preoperative infection, previous marsupialization, and bone graft methods. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors of postoperative infection and recurrence.Results: The cystic lesion was smallest in patients who did not receive a bone graft and increased steadily in those who received a xenogeneic bone graft and an autogenous bone graft, in that order. Paresthesia occurred after enucleation of the cystic lesion in 38 cases. Pathologic fractures were observed in 4 cases. There were 59 postoperative infections. The postoperative infection rate was as high as 63.6% in patients who underwent autogenous bone grafting. In contrast, infection rates were as low as 26.8 and 19.5% in those who underwent xenogeneic bone grafting and no bone grafting, respectively. Location of the cystic lesion in the maxilla or mandible affected the infection rate. When cysts were located in the anterior mandible, no postoperative infection occurred. In contrast, the infection rate was highest for cysts in the mandibular ramus, followed by those in the posterior mandible. Cystic lesion recurrence was observed in 7 cases: 5 cases of odontogenic keratocysts, 1 case of periapical cyst, and 1 case of dentigerous cyst. These findings suggest that cyst pathologic identity affects the recurrence rate. Cyst size was meaningfully correlated with recurrence rate.Conclusions: These results suggest that autogenous bone grafts increase the risk of postoperative infection compared with absence of a bone graft. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • The replication process for PDMS films from Si master mold was optimized in Cu-MACE method. • Textured PDMS films exhibited excellent antireflection property (3% reflectivity) as well as super-hydrophobicity (155.2° contact angle). • The PCE of perovskite solar cell was improved ∼11% with the optimized textured PDMS film due to anti-reflection effect. This study utilized a Cu metal assisted chemical etching (MACE) method to produce an anti-reflection texture on poly dimethyl siloxane (PDMS). We measured the diffuse and total transmittance, total reflectance, and haze ratio to analyze the optical properties of the textured PDMS films, which were confirmed using finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) calculations. The anti-reflection textured PDMS films exhibited improved optical performance in the visible light region, owing to the light scattering and trapping effect, by improving the lateral surface area and aspect ratio of the micro/nanostructures. The average reflectance was 2.86% under optimal conditions. The optimized structures of the films also showed super-hydrophobicity (θ CA ≈ 155. 2 °). We applied the optimized film to perovskite photovoltaic solar cell devices and observed an enhanced short-circuit current density (J sc) from approximately 21.95 to 24.06 mA/cm2 (∼9% increase). The improved J sc increased the PCE to 17.11% (∼11% increase) in the MAPbI 3 p-i-n structured devices. Based on the results, we confirmed that the superhydrophobic anti-reflection PDMS film can be used to overcome the limitation of light absorption in solar cell applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Nafion SAC-13 effectively activates hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) for the efficient and selective silylation of alcohols. Primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols and phenols are efficiently converted to their corresponding silylethers in short reaction times (4–8min) with excellent yield at rt under solvent-free condition. Simple and clean reactions, high yield of the products and efficient recycling of the catalyst are the salient features of this methodology. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]