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Phytochemical screening was conducted on various bark extracts of Lannea coromandelica to assess their anticancer property against the B16F10 melanoma cell line. The phytoconstituents that were previously identified were utilized in molecular docking studies against the human tyrosinase related protein 1 (TYRP1) as a target receptor in order to provide more evidence for anticancer property. Bark powder was extracted by maceration method using distilled water and soxhlet extraction using ethanol. The preliminary phytochemical evaluation and determination of total phenolic and flavonoid content of both extracts were conducted using biochemical assays. The present study investigated the possible anticancer effects of ethanol and aqueous extracts on the B16F10 melanoma cell line using the 3-4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) labeling techniques. The present study employed molecular docking techniques to assess the binding interactions between phytoconstituents and the TYRP1 protein, utilizing AutoDock Vina module of PyRx 0.8 software. The phytochemical analysis found flavonoids, steroids, terpenoids, tannins, phenolic compounds, saponins, anthraquinones, cardiac glycosides, and proteins. Ethanolic extract shown preferential cytotoxicity to B16F0 melanoma cell line in-vitro (IC 50 = 9.69 ± 0.68 μg/ml), while aqueous extract exhibited IC 50 = 75.49 ± 5.95 μg/ml. DAPI staining showed that treated cells had altered nucleus morphology, including apoptotic bodies. According to molecular docking investigations, Quercetin has the highest binding affinity (−9.6 Kcal/mol), followed by Catechin and Myricadiol. The current investigation has determined that L. coromandelica exhibits cytotoxic characteristic, as evidenced by the utilization of computer aided drug design models and in-vitro experimentation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs) are heavily glycosylated proteoglycans in plants. The structural complexity of their glycan portion hampers the assignment of the arabinogalactan protein function and limits their uses. Herein, we report finer structural details of the AGP of Lannea grandis gum based on libraries of oligosaccharides released by Smith degradation, enzyme digestion and partial acid hydrolysis. Application of NMR spectroscopy to the parental AGP, which contained 95% carbohydrate and 3% protein, in combination with chemical, chromatographic and ESI-MS data on oligosaccharides generated allowed direct information on glycosidic linkage type, ring size, anomeric configuration and sequence of saccharide residues. Finally, this AGP shows dose-dependent free radical scavenging activity as well as forms water soluble complex (K = 3.32 × 10 6 /M) with β -lactoglobulin ( β -lg) at pH (2–7). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Antagonism of glucagon is a potential therapeutic approach for Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The bark extract of Lannea coromandelica has been reported to have hypoglycemic or anti-diabetic effects on animal models and human subjects. The aim of this study was to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of L. coromandelica extract as a glucagon receptor antagonist. The aqueous extract of L . coromandelica bark attenuated glucagon-mediated cAMP formation in a concentration dependent manner with an IC 50 value of 4.24 ± 1.31 μg/ml. It shifted a concentration response curve of glucagon towards the right with a 4, 21 and 40-fold change in IC 50 at 6.25, 12.5 and 25 μg/ml of extract, respectively. Additionally, it attenuated an oxyntomodulin-mediated cAMP response. The extract was found specifically to inhibit glucagon mediated cAMP formation since it was ineffective in reducing cAMP levels nonspecifically-elevated by forskolin. The data support that the aqueous extract of L. coromandelica antagonizes the glucagon receptor and has the potential to reduce glucagon mediated liver glucose output. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Ethnopharmacological relevance: Lannea coromandelica (Houtt.) Merr. is a plant locally called “Jiga”, found all over Bangladesh. Leaf of the plant is traditionally used in the treatment of local swellings, pains of body, toothache etc. This study evaluated the antinociceptive effect of the ethanol extract of L. coromandelica leaves (EELC). Materials and methods: The antinociceptive activity of the extract (at the doses of 50, 100, and 200mg/kg) was evaluated by using chemical- and heat-induced pain models such as acetic acid-induced writhing, hot plate, tail immersion, formalin, and glutamate test. To verify the possible involvement of opioid receptor in the central antinociceptive effect of EELC, naloxone was used to antagonize the effect. Besides, the involvements of ATP-sensitive K+ channel and cGMP pathway were also justified by using glibenclemide and methylene blue. Results: EELC demonstrated significant dose-dependent antinociceptive activity in the chemical- and heat-induced nociception in mice models (p<0.05). These findings imply the involvement of both peripheral and central antinociceptive mechanisms. The use of naloxone confirmed the association of opioid receptors in the central antinociceptive effect. EELC also showed the involvements of ATP-sensitive K+ channel and cGMP pathway for antinociceptive activity. Conclusions: This study reported the antinociceptive activity of the leaf of L. coromandelica and rationalized the traditional use of the leaf in the treatment of different painful conditions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The study analyses the fuelwood characteristics of 26 trees including shrub species from the dry deciduous forest in Aravally region, Rajasthan, Western India was carried out to explore trees with potential for fuelwood production. Fuelwood value index (FVI) based on the properties of calorific value, wood density and ash. Calorific value was ranged between 18.54±0.04 and 27.44±0.09KJg−1 in Jatropha curcus and Wrightia tinctoria respectively. Wood density varied from 0.538±0.01 to 0.966±0.07g/cm3 in J. curcus and Acacia nilotica. Same way ash and moisture content was highest in J. curcus (3.38±0.19%) and Sterculia urens (70.28±7.52%) and lowest in Miliusa tomentosa (0.85±0.06%) and Azadirachta indica (30.7±10.02%) respectively. On the basis, of the 26 species analyzed, M. tomentosa has the highest FVI, followed by Lannea coromandelica, Acacia leucophloea, Madhuca indica, A. nilotica, W. tinctoria, Butea monosperma, Zizyphus nummularia, S. urens, Boswellia serrata, A. indica, Grewia tenax, Syzygium cuminii, Tectona grandis and Dalbergia sissoo were shown to have promising fuelwood production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lannea coromandelica leaf extract (LCLE) as a corrosion inhibitor in 1 M H 2 SO 4 was investigated by weight loss and electrochemical techniques. Inhibition efficiency of LCLE was found to increase with increasing concentration but decreased with increasing temperature. Polarization measurements revealed that the LCLE acted as a mixed type inhibitor. Nyquist plots showed that on increasing the LCLE concentration, the charge transfer resistance increased and the double layer capacitance decreased. The adsorption of LCLE on mild steel obeyed the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. FT-IR, XRD, SEM and AFM techniques confirmed the adsorption of LCLE on mild steel surface. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]