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We report on a patient with Parkinson's disease and dementia who underwent DBS with excellent response in motor features; the genotype is heterozygous for a novel LRP10 variant in trans with a GBA variant. He had a more severe phenotype compared to the father who only carries the LRP10 variant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Parkinson's disease (PD) belongs to a family of neurodegenerative diseases characterized by alpha-synuclein accumulation in neurons, whose etiopathogenesis remains largely uncovered. Recently, LRP10 has been associated with PD, Parkinson's disease Dementia (PDD) and Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB) by linkage analysis and positional cloning in an Italian family with late-onset PD. After the first characterization of a LRP10 pathogenic variant, other eight mutations have been detected in an international series of 660 probands with either a clinical or pathological diagnosis of PD, PDD or DLB. However, the results of following replication studies were inconclusive and the pathogenic role of LRP10 is still debated. The aim of this study is to sequence the LRP10 gene in an Italian cohort of clinically-diagnosed PD patients and to compare the frequency of the identified variants with the ones found in a large cohort of Italian exomes.Methods: A cohort of 664 PD patients was analyzed by targeted Next Generation Sequencing approach. Identified LRP10 variants were subsequently confirmed by Sanger sequencing and searched for in an in-house database including 3596 Italian exomes.Results: We identified three PD patients carrying a rare heterozygous, potentially pathogenic variant (p.R296C, p.R549Q, p.R661C). None of them was detected in 3596 Italian exomes. Two of them (p.R296C and p.R661C) have been previously reported in one sporadic PD and one definite Progressive supranuclear palsy patients respectively. All three carriers had late-onset PD responsive to levodopa, characterized by both motor and non-motor features, but no cognitive impairment.Conclusion: We report three rare possibly-pathogenic LRP10 variants in PD patients from Italy. Further investigations are required to definitively establish their role in alpha-synucleinopathies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, LRP10 has been identified as a causative gene for Parkinson's disease (PD). However, subsequent studies showed inconsistent conclusions. To explore its relevance to PD, we systematically analyzed LRP10 rare mutations in a large Han Chinese familial PD cohort of 385 unrelated probands using segregation analysis, transcriptional effect analysis, and burden test. As a result, 3 missense variants and 1 splicing region variant in LRP10 were identified in 4 probands. Segregation analysis revealed 1 variant p.Arg66His cosegregating with PD status, 1 variant p.Ala613Ser not, and the other variant p.Gln581His unknown. The variant c.406+5G>T located at the splicing region has no effect on splicing, suggesting it is likely a rare neutral intronic variant. The burden test suggested no significant over-representation of rare variants in PD probands. Therefore, more robust independent studies are warranted to explore the pathogenicity of LRP10 mutations. • LRP10 mutation analysis in a large Han Chinese familial PD cohort. • Four novel rare variants in LRP10 were identified. • In this study, burden test does not support the pathogenicity of LRP10 variants for PD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 10 (LRP10) is associated with a series of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease which share genetic risk factors and pathophysiological processes with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). To investigate whether LRP10 variants could cause a predisposition to ALS, we screened rare, pathogenic LRP10 variants among a cohort of 584 patients with ALS from mainland China and performed burden analysis using data from a large external database. A total of 7 rare, pathogenic variants in LRP10 , of which one (c.1182A>T, p.R394S) was novel, were identified in 11 unrelated patients. Burden analysis revealed significant associations between ALS and LRP10 at both the gene and single-variant levels (c.1721G>A, p.R574Q; c.1182A>T, p.R394S; and c.1681C>T, p.R561C). Interestingly, patients with sporadic ALS carrying variant c.1721G>A tended to have a bulbar onset, increased phenotype severity, and a worse prognosis. Our findings first provide independent evidence that rare, pathogenic LRP10 variants may be risk factors for ALS and delineate a special phenotype in patients with sporadic ALS carrying variant c.1721G>A. • For the first time, LRP10 variations are described in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) from mainland China. • Rare, pathogenic variants in LRP10 may be risk factors for ALS. • Patients with sporadic ALS carrying variant c.1721G>A tend to have a special phenotype. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to explore whether variants in LRP10 , recently associated with Parkinson's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies, are observed in 2 large cohorts (discovery and validation cohort) of patients with progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). A total of 950 patients with PSP were enrolled: 246 patients with PSP (n = 85 possible (35%), n = 128 probable (52%), n = 33 definite (13%)) in the discovery cohort and 704 patients with definite PSP in the validation cohort. Sanger sequencing of all LRP10 exons and exon-intron boundaries was performed in the discovery cohort, and whole-exome sequencing was performed in the validation cohort. Two patients from the discovery cohort and 8 patients from the validation cohort carried a rare, heterozygous, and possibly pathogenic LRP10 variant (p.Gly326Asp, p.Asp389Asn, and p.Arg158His, p.Cys220Tyr, p.Thr278Ala, p.Gly306Asp, p.Glu486Asp, p.Arg554∗, p.Arg661Cys). In conclusion, possibly pathogenic LRP10 variants occur in a small fraction of patients with PSP and may be overrepresented in these patients compared with controls. This suggests that possibly pathogenic LRP10 variants may play a role in the development of PSP. • Exploration of LRP10 variants in progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). • Ten of 950 patients were carriers of a possibly pathogenic LRP10 variant. • First study to show that LRP10 variants occur in a small fraction of patients with PSP. • LRP10 variants may be overrepresented in patients with PSP compared with controls. • LRP10 variants may play a role in the development of PSP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lipoprotein receptor-related protein 10 (LRP10) has been proposed as a novel causative gene for autosomal dominant Parkinson's disease (PD), and the c.919T>A (p.Tyr307Asn) variant has been identified as possibly involved in the development of familial PD and PD with dementia. We screened for the p.Tyr307Asn variant in a southern Spain population of 679 PD patients, of who 129 were familial cases, and 1217 unrelated healthy controls. A total of 3 carriers of the LRP10 p.Tyr307Asn variant were identified: 1 PD patient and 2 healthy controls. Together with the absence of a family history of PD, this finding might suggest a low penetrance variant as well as a limited role for p.Tyr307Asn in PD in our cohort. Nevertheless, a family history of Alzheimer's disease in the LRP10 p.Tyr307Asn carriers provides evidence for a possible association with dementia. • LRP10 gene has been recently associated with PD, PDD and DLB. • One PD patient and two healthy controls carried the previously reported LRP10 p.Tyr307Asn variant. • There was no family history of PD among the LRP10 p.Tyr307Asn carriers. • These findings suggest a limited role of LRP10 p.Tyr307Asn in PD. • A family history of AD in LRP10 p.Tyr307Asn carriers provides evidence for a possible association with dementia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mutations of the gene encoding low-density lipoprotein receptor–related protein 10 (LRP10) were recently detected in patients (heterogeneous races) with autosomal dominant inheritance of familial Parkinson's disease. The patients with Parkinson's disease, Parkinson's disease with dementia, and dementia with Lewy bodies whose brain pathology indicated deposit of alpha-synuclein along with the co-occurrence of tau pathology and amyloid-beta plaques presented LRP10 mutations. LRP10 is localized in the vesicular structures and trans-Golgi network; its alteration leads to alpha-synuclein aggregation. Thus, we conducted the genetic screening of LRP10 among 187 patients with familial Parkinson's disease and 19 patients with atypical parkinsonian disorders, including frontotemporal dementia, progressive supranuclear palsy, and corticobasal syndrome. There were no putative pathogenic variants among patients with Parkinson's disease. We detected one rare variant, p.D198N, in a patient with frontotemporal dementia, without a cosegregation study. Overall, our findings showed that LRP10 variants are not causative for disease in our cohort. • We screened all exons of LRP10 for 187 patients including familial PD. • We included 19 patients with atypical parkinsonism diagnosed clinically. • No specific variants were found to be associated with familial PD. • A rare variant, p.D198N, was detected in a patient with frontotemporal dementia. • LRP10 variants have less evidence of causality for PD in our cohort. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]