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We present high-precision mass-dependent nickel isotopic data for a comprehensive suite of achondrites and lunar rocks, providing key insights into the early planetary differentiation and Earth-Moon system formation. The primitive achondrites display high Ni contents and invariant Ni isotopic compositions. Incomplete core-mantle differentiation in primitive achondrite parent bodies resulted in the retention of metal in the mantle, which dominated the Ni budget and accounted for the bulk chondritic Ni isotopic values. The highly reduced differentiated achondrites, aubrites and an ungrouped achondrite (NWA 8409), have variable, and extremely light Ni isotopic compositions. Acid leaching experiments demonstrate that the sulfides are a significant host of light Ni isotopes in aubrites. The most extreme Ni isotope values of aubrites may be due to large Ni isotope fractionation accompanied by silicate-sulfide-metal separation during differentiation of the parent bodies, and subsequent global disruptive collision and reassembly with variably high proportions of sulfides enriched in the mantle. The howardite-eucrite-diogenite (HED) meteorites show Ni isotopic variations that are positively correlated with Ni/Co ratios, a feature that cannot be produced by igneous differentiation. Late accretion of high-Ni and high-Ni/Co chondritic materials after core formation of their likely parent body, Vesta, could have accounted for this correlation. Thus, the primitive silicate mantle of Vesta may have sub-chondritic Ni isotopic compositions, implying possible Ni isotope fractionation during core-mantle differentiation of small planetary bodies. The lunar breccia meteorites have homogenously chondritic Ni isotope values, together with their high Ni/Co of bulk rock and metals therein, suggesting impact contamination. Lunar basalt meteorites have low Ni/Co ratios and are systematically isotopically lighter than the breccias, displaying a positive correlation between Ni isotope value and Ni/Co ratio, as that seen in the HEDs. Therefore, the Ni isotopic systematics in lunar rocks also indicates the effect of late accretion, with the primitive lunar mantle having sub-chondritic Ni isotope values. This implies that the Moon-forming impactor, Theia, was likely an aubrite-like differentiated planetary body whose mantle was enriched in light Ni isotopes. We suggest that there was significant Ni isotope fractionation between core and mantle during differentiation of early formed small planetary bodies, but this signature can be obscured by late accretion in the bulk achondrite records. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Graphical abstract Highlights • Z with benzothiazole fluorophore was synthesized and characterized. • Z exhibits a 9-fold fluorescence enhancement and ratiometric absorption for Al3+. • LOD for Al3+ was determined by fluorescence and absorbance-ratiometric detection. • Z was applied to form paper strip sensor for Al3+ and cell imaging in HSC. Abstract Chemosensor Z including benzothiazole fluorophore was synthesized and characterized with NMR and HRMS spectroscopic techniques. Z exhibited fluorescence turn-on and ratiometric absorbance detection of Al3+ ions based on the combination mechanism of CHEF and ESIPT processes. Moreover, the stiochiometry between Z and Al3+ were determined 2:1 through job's plot and HRMS, and the limit of detection was determined as 8.47 nM which was qualified in the detection of Al3+ in drinking water. Especially, Z was achieved in fast identification the existence of Al3+ by filter paper, and cell imaging in human stromal cell (HSC). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To constrain how impacts influence the behavior of moderately volatile elements (MVEs), we report potassium (K) and zinc (Zn) contents and isotopic compositions of shock melt pockets (SMPs) and unmelted parts of three heavily shocked ordinary chondrites and bulk rocks of Chelyabinsk meteorite. All SMPs are enriched in K content and have lower isotopic values (δ41K = −1.99‰, −1.22‰ and −1.40‰) while the adjacent unmelted parts are enriched in heavy K isotopes (δ41K = −0.41‰, −0.01‰ and 0.04‰) compared to the bulk rocks of Chelyabinsk meteorite (δ41K = −0.77‰ and −0.73‰). By contrast, Zn is depleted in SMPs and the isotopic compositions are heavier (δ66Zn = −0.19‰, 2.42‰, 1.74‰) in SMPs than that in unmelted parts (δ66Zn = −0.65‰, 1.76‰, −0.97‰). Our results indicate a decoupling between the two MVEs that Zn is lost from shock melts while K is dramatically enriched in shock melts during impacts. The isotope fractionation of Zn is probably caused by evaporation of shock melts, while K isotope fractionation is most likely caused by solid-melt diffusion which is controlled by its incompatibility. The isotopic decoupling of K from Zn during major impacts further enhances our understanding of high temperature elemental and isotopic behavior of MVEs and may shed new light on the variously heterogeneous distribution of MVEs in solar system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Symmetrical acrokeratoderma seems to be a new disorder in China, and 138 cases have been reported in the Chinese literature. Objective: We sought to summarize the clinicopathologic features and immunophenotyping of inflammatory cells in 34 new cases. Methods: Clinical data of 34 patients were prospectively collected over 4 years. Histopathology and immunostaining of infiltrated cells were performed in 27 and 9 patients, respectively. Results: Brown to black hyperkeratotic patches were symmetrically distributed over the acral regions in 33 cases and on the scalp in 1 case, with a whitish change after water contact or sweating. The condition was aggravated in summer and alleviated in winter in 33 patients. History of ichthyosis vulgaris was seen in 23 cases. The typical histopathology included epidermal hyperkeratosis, acanthosis, and papillary dermal perivascular infiltrate of lymphohistiocytes. Number of CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ cells increased in lesional and perilesional skin compared with normal-appearing skin. The skin lesions developed slowly but were confined to the acral predilection sites after the mean follow-up of 25.4 ± 13.8 months. Limitations: The follow-up time was short. Conclusion: This disorder may represent a peculiar dermatosis that is frequently associated with ichthyosis vulgaris. No specific therapy is available for the disorder. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The 3D heterometallic 3d–4f coordination polymer, [EuZn(gly)(ox)2(H2O)2]n, 1, (gly=glycinate, ox=oxalate), was the product of the hydrothermal synthesis of glycinate from the reaction of tetrazole-1-acetic acid, sodium oxalate, zinc and europium salts in the presence of a trace quantity of nitric acid. Coordination polymer 1 exhibits an unusual 3D heterometallic coordination framework that is built up by heterometallic dinuclear EuZn secondary building units and mixed ox and gly linkers in a uninodal 6-connected vme {33.43.58.6} net. The solid-state photoluminescence and lifetime characteristics of 1 reveal intense red luminescence. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

A dual-functional chemosensor BHMB was synthesized and characterized. It showed highly selectivity through significant fluorescence turn-off and obvious color change towards Cu2+ and Hg2+, respectively. The binding ratios of BHMB to Cu2+ and Hg2+ confirmed by job' plot were 2:1 and 1:1, respectively. Moreover, the detection of limit of BHMB to Cu2+ and Hg2+ was confirmed as 4.47 × 10−8 M and 6.72 × 10−7 M, respectively. Especially, BHMB was successfully used in test paper for fast identification of Cu2+ and Hg2+, logic gate construction and cell imaging in human stromal cell (HSC). Image 1 • Chemosensor BHMB with benzothiazole fluorophore was synthesized and characterized. • Chemosensor BHMB exhibits selective responses to Hg2+ and Cu2+ with significant fluorescence turn-off and color change. • The limit of detection (LOD) for Cu2+ and Hg2+ was reached the level of 10−8 M and 10−7 M, respectively. • BHMB was successfully applied in the detection of Cu2+ and Hg2+ in test paper and cell imaging in HSC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Chemosensor Z was synthesized and characterized. • Chemosensor Z exhibits significant fluorescence response to Al3+ with a 400-fold fluorescence enhancement. • The limit of detection (LOD) and binding constant for Al3+ were 5.09 × 10−8 M and 2.35 × 104 M−1, respectively. • Z was successfully applied in real sample detection of Al3+ and cell imaging in HSC. A novel naphthaldehyde–benzothiazole conjugated sensor Z was successfully synthesized and characterized. Chemosensor Z showed highly selective and sensitive for the detection of Al3+ in DMF/H 2 O (v/v, 4/6) attributed to the combined contribution of excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT), C N isomerization and chelation enhanced fluorescence (CHEF). The binding ratio of Z to Al3+ was 1:1 which was further determined by job's plot and HRMS. The detection limit was calculated 4.56 × 10−7 M and 5.09 × 10−8 M in corresponding Al3+ concentration range of 0–22 μM and 24–44 μM, respectively. Furthermore, Z was successfully practiced for the Al3+ quantitative analysis in real water samples, logic gate construction and bioimaging in human stromal cells (HSC). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In ruminants, IFN-tau (IFNT) regulates the production of prostaglandins (PG) in the endometrium, which is crucial for conceptus adhesion. However, the related molecular regulatory mechanisms remain unclear. Forkhead box O1 (FOXO1), a member of the FOXO subfamily of transcription factors, is known to be important for mouse implantation and decidualization. In this study, we determined the spatiotemporal expression profile of FOXO1 in goat endometrium during early pregnancy. FOXO1 was highly expressed in the glandular epithelium since the onset of conceptus adhesion (d 16 of pregnancy). Then, we validated that FOXO1 could bind to the promoter of prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2) and increase its transcription. And the expression profile of PTGS2 was similar to that of FOXO1 in the peri-implantation uterus. Moreover, IFNT could upregulate the levels of FOXO1 and PTGS2 in goat uterus and primary endometrial epithelium cells (EEC). In EEC, the intracellular content of PGF 2α was positively correlated with the levels of IFNT and FOXO1. Altogether, we found an IFNT/FOXO1/PTGS2 axis that controls the synthesis of PGF 2α but not prostaglandin E 2 in goat uterine glands. These findings contribute to better understanding the function of FOXO1 in the reproductive physiology of goats and provide more insights into the implantation of small ruminants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ruminants have a superficial implantation pattern. The extended conceptus attaches to the receptive endometrium to form the cotyledonary placenta. During the attachment, a large number of events occur at the maternal-fetal interface. However, the related molecular mechanisms have not been fully understood. Integrin beta8 (ITGB8) is a subunit of integrin beta involved in embryo implantation. In this study, we determined peri-implantation expression and regulation of ITGB8 in goat uterus. The mRNA and protein levels of ITGB8 were both high in goat endometrial luminal epithelium (LE) and superficial glandular epithelium (sGE) during the adhesion period (Days 16–19 of pregnancy). Such expression profile was opposite to that of microRNA-187 (miR-187). Then, we validated that miR-187 targeted the 3′ untranslated region (UTR) of ITGB8 in primary goat endometrial epithelial cells (EECs). In EECs, inhibition of miR-187 resulted in not only up-regulated ITGB8 level but also reduced cell proliferation and focal adhesion kinase (FAK) activity. Moreover, ITGB8 and miR-187 were regulated by interferon tau (IFNT). Altogether, in goat, the miR-187/ITGB8 axis may be involved in conceptus attachment and is downstream of IFNT. Our results will help us better understand the mechanisms of ruminant implantation and may provide a useful tool to improve the reproduction ratio for ruminants. • The spatiotemporal expression of ITGB8 during the peri-implantation period in goat uterus. • ITGB8 and miR-187 are regulated by IFNT in goat uterus. • miR-187 targets the 3′UTR of ITGB8 to regulate the goat endometrial epithelial cells (EECs) proliferation in vitro. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • We performed the first bibliometric analysis aiming at the glucose oxidase-like activity of Au NPs. • New trends in regional distribution, institution and journal performance, collaborative patterns, and knowledge structures of this field were provided. • Au NPs could potentially be utilized to treat autoimmune diseases, inflammation, pathogens, etc. • The basic and clinical problems and new perspectives were presented. With the advancement of scientific research, an increasing number of studies on metal nanozymes, particularly Au NPs, have been conducted. They possess glucose oxidase (GOD)-like activity and peroxidase (POD)-like activity, with GOD-like activity receiving the most attention. However, there is a lack of research and summary on future trends in Au NPs in biomedical field. Therefore, we conducted a study on the GOD-like activity of Au NPs based on 158 relevant publications downloaded from the Web of Science Core Collection between 2007 and 2023, using citation metrics, authors, nations, institutions, cited references, and keywords. We found that Au NPs were initially utilized for glucose biosensors, glucose detection in human serum, and the detection of other carbohydrates and proteins. Researchers have recently focused on its application in oncotherapy and diabetic wound treatment. In addition to being utilized to treat autoimmune illnesses, inflammation, and other diseases, Au NPs may eventually replace insulin and antibiotics. We anticipate that the use of Au NPs will increase in the future. We hope this study will serve as a guide for future researchers so that Au NPs can be applied more broadly and competently. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sr 3.8 Fe 25.7 O 70.4 -chitosan magnetic microparticles (Sr 3.8 Fe 25.7 O 70.4 -CMNs) with a core-shell structure were synthesized, characterized and applied for the removal of two model cationic dyes. The results showed that these magnetic microparticles possess fast adsorption rate and high adsorption efficiency for both crystal violet (CV) and basic red 9 (BR9) at a temperature ranging 30 °C to 40 °C and suitable pH range (pH ≥ 7). The maximum removal efficiency for CV and BR9 attained to 94.5% and 97.5% in 30 min, which was significantly faster and higher than that of chitosan (<50% in 60 min) (P <0.01). And its maximum adsorption capacity for CV and BR9 reached 29.46 mg/g and 32.16 mg/g, respectively. The adsorption process of Sr 3.8 Fe 25.7 O 70.4 -CMNs follows the Langmuir isotherm with a high correlation coefficient (R 2 > 0.97) and the pseudo-second-order model. Additionally, the synthesized Sr 3.8 Fe 25.7 O 70.4 -CMNs were easy to regeneration and reuse, and the removal rate remained above 90% after 5 recycle times. This study would provide a new more environmental friendly material and method for the treatment of wastewater containing toxic dyes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was designed to investigate the pharmacological effects and mechanisms of polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinal (DOP) on premature ovarian failure (POF) in natural aging mice. Fifteen months old female mice (n  =  28) and young adult female mice (n  =  14, 6 weeks) were used. DOP (70 mg/kg) was administrated to mice by oral gavage for 10 weeks and the protection effects of DOP on ovaries were investigated in vivo. The results showed that DOP reduced body weight, ovary and uterus/body weight parameters to normal level and alleviated ovarian pathological damage. Moreover, DOP could reduce pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6) and MDA levels and improve estradiol, SOD, GSH-Px, T-AOC and IL-10 levels in serum. These results suggested that DOP may alleviate the damage caused by aging through the inhibition of the nuclear factor -κB (NF-κB) and p53/Bcl-2-mediate signaling pathways. Moreover, we found that DOP can increase the numbers of mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum. Moreover, DOP increased the numbers of different stages of follicular cells and improved mitochondrial membrane potential in ovaries. These results indicated that DOP may relieve ovarian damage through the protection of mitochondria in the ovaries. These findings suggest that DOP may be a promising drug for treating POF caused by natural aging in females. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background The transcription factor Sox9 is pivotal in the morphogenesis of hair follicles, but its role in sebocytes is poorly understood. Objective We investigated the effect of Sox9 on human sebocyte proliferation, differentiation and lipogenesis. Methods Sox9 expression was detected by immunohistochemistry in normal skin and acne lesion. Primary cultured human sebocytes were transfected with adenovirus expressing GFP-Sox9 or Sox9 microRNA. Sox9 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ expression in sebocytes was detected by quantitative real-time PCR, Western blot and immunocytofluorescence; cell proliferation was measured by MTS and [ 3 H]-thymidine incorporation assays; cell cycle distribution and apoptosis were evaluated by propidium iodide staining-based flow cytometry; and intracellular lipid levels were assessed by Oil Red O stain. Results Sox9 immunostaining was increased in mature sebocytes of acne lesion compared with normal skin. Expression of Sox9 mRNA and protein and PPARγ protein was elevated with cell confluent levels in sebocytes. Sox9 overexpression enhanced proliferation, differentiation, proportion of S and G2/M cells, lipogenesis and PPARγ expression in sebocytes, while Sox9 silencing caused inhibition of differentiation, lipogenesis and PPARγ expression, and increase of G1 and sub-G1 (apoptotic) cell fraction. The suppression of Sox9 knockdown on sebocyte growth was observed using [ 3 H]-thymidine incorporation but not MTS assay. Conclusion These results demonstrate that Sox9 can reinforce sebocyte proliferation, differentiation and lipogenesis. The G1/S transition arrest and apoptotic induction might contribute to inhibitory effect of Sox9 silencing on sebocyte proliferation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Stainless steel core plate (SSCP) is a novel structural element. It consists of two stainless-steel panels and a quantity of stainless-steel core tubes, which are brazed by elevated temperature inert gas. The brazing residual stress (BRS) in weld seam is very important for mechanisms of SSCP during exterior loading. In this study, the magnitudes and distributions of BRS in SSCP have been comprehensively investigated by experiments. The surface BRSs of 35 specimens were measured by both hole-drilling (HD) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods. Based on the experimental results, the BRS distribution of the single unit of SSCP shows symmetry along with the axis of the core tube. The peak tensile BRSs mainly occur at the area near the brazing joint. The values of peak tensile BRSs in panels and core tubes even reach to 59.6% and 54.1% of the nominal yield strength, respectively. A simplified predictive model for BRS distribution in the single unit of SSCP is proposed accordingly. The applicability of the proposed model is verified by the nine-unit specimens of SSCP. This investigation enlarges the applicability of the HD and XRD methods for further research in stainless steel core plate. Moreover, the proposed model can be adopted for theoretical analysis and numerical simulations of the SSCP subjected to exterior loads. The stainless steel core plate (SSCP) is a novel structural element, which consists of two stainless-steel plates and a quantity of stainless-steel core tubes brazed by elevated temperature inert gas. Fig. 1 presents a stainless steel core plate. In this study, the magnitudes and distributions of brazing residual stress (BRS) in the SSCP along the longitudinal direction have been comprehensively investigated. Moreover, a simplified predictive model for BRS distribution in the single unit of SSCP is proposed accordingly. [Display omitted] • The magnitudes and distributions of brazing residual stress in stainless steel core plate (SSCP) are investigated. • The brazing residual stresses of 30 specimens were measured by both hole-drilling and X-ray diffraction methods. • A simplified predictive model for the brazing residual stress distribution of the stainless steel core plate is proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Background: Many factors associated with causing psoriasis have been reported, such as the genetic and environmental factors. Smoking is one of the well-established environmental risk factors for psoriasis and also associated with the disease severity. In addition, several studies of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis have documented gene–environment interactions involving smoking behavior. Although gene polymorphisms on nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits CHRNB3–CHRNA6 region gene have been found to correlate with smoking behavior and lung cancer susceptibility in Chinese Han population, the combined effect between the smoking-related genetic variants and smoking behavior on psoriasis vulgaris (PV) has been unreported. Objective: To evaluate the combined effect of the smoking-related (rs6474412-C/T) polymorphism on CHRNB3–CHRNA6 region gene and smoking behavior on PV risk and clinic traits in Chinese Han population. Methods: A hospital-based case–control study including 672 subjects (355 PV cases and 317 controls) was conducted. The variant of rs6474412 was typed by SNaPshot Multiplex Kit (Applied Biosystems Co., USA). Results: The higher body mass index (BMI≥25), smoking behavior and alcohol consumption were risk factors for PV, and the estimated ORs were 1.55 (95% CI, 1.09–2.29), 1.74 (95% CI, 1.22–2.49) and 1.81 (95% CI, 1.25–2.62) respectively. The smoking patients had more severe conditions than non-smokers (OR=1.71, 95% CI, 1.08–2.70, P =0.020). The alleles and genotypes of rs6474412 were not associated with risk of PV, but the combined effect of rs6474412 genotype (TT) and smoking behavior increased severity of PV (OR=5.95; 95% CI, 1.39–25.31; P <0.05; adjusted OR=2.20; 95% CI, 1.55–3.14; P <0.001). Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that the combined effect of rs6474412-C/T polymorphism in smoking-related CHRNB3–CHRNA6 region gene and smoking behavior may not confer risk to PV, but may have impact on PV severity in Chinese Han population. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Objective: To examine the effects of androgen on implantation and decidualization in the mouse delayed-implantation model. Design: Experimental animal study. Setting: University research laboratory. Animal(s): Sexually mature female mice (Kunming White strain). Intervention(s): Delayed and activated implantation; pseudopregnancy; embryo transfer (ET); E(2) assay; inhibitor. Main Outcome Measure(s): Effects of androgen on embryo implantation were determined by treating the mice under delayed implantation with different doses of testosterone propionate (TP); the effects of androgen on the expression of implantation-related genes were examined by in situ hybridization. Result(s): Delayed implantation could be initiated by TP. Dihydrotestosterone was also able to initiate implantation in the delayed-implantation model. The implantation window could be maintained for at least 48 hours by 5 mg TP per mouse. Prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase 2 (Ptgs2) and microsomal prostaglandin E synthase (mPtges) were aberrantly expressed in mouse uterus at implantation sites after delayed implantation was activated by high doses of TP. Conclusion(s): A low dose of TP led to a delay in embryo implantation, but a high dose caused aberrant expression of both Ptgs2 and mPtges at the implantation site. It is possible that high doses of TP may disturb peri-implantation development or may be involved in early pregnancy loss by disturbing the uterine prostaglandin system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Low-degree-polymerized (DP = 2–6) COS were obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis. • COS treatment obstructed cell proliferation, inhibited metastasis, and induced cell apoptosis. • COS treatment increased the levels of autophagy markers. • COS treatment triggered pro-apoptosis autophagy through p53/mTOR signaling pathway. • COS increased the sensitivity of the osteosarcoma cells to cisplatin. Osteosarcoma is the most common primary sarcoma of bone. The use of Chitooligosaccharide (COS) as a drug carrier is an emerging new strategy for cancer therapy. However, the application of COS in osteosarcoma has not been reported. Here, we investigated the influence of COS on osteosarcoma, and suggested the underlying mechanism. Initially, we obtained COS with a low-degree-polymerized (DP = 2–6) by enzymatic hydrolysis. Using these COS materials, in vitro assays showed that COS elicited the anti-tumor activity against osteosarcoma cells. We found that COS had significant effects on cell growth, metastasis inhibition, apoptosis and autophagy induction, and triggered pro-apoptosis autophagy through p53/mTOR signaling pathway in osteosarcoma cells. In addition, the COS also inhibited tumor growth and metastasis in an osteosarcoma xenograft model in vivo. Finally, we showed that COS could increase sensitivity to chemotherapy of cisplatin in vitro. Thus, we provide experimental evidence to demonstrate that COS has anti-tumor effect on osteosarcoma, and COS can be a new potential therapeutic candidate for the treatment of osteosarcoma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel and highly selective fluorescent 1,8-naphthalimide-based probe, 3 , was designed and synthesized for rapid Cu2+ detection in a CH 3 CN-H 2 O (3:1, v/v, pH = 7.4) solution by means of a distinct hydrolysis mechanism via its Cu2+-promoting feature. Upon treatment with Cu2+, the fluorescence response of probe 3 at 550 nm abruptly decreased, which was visible to the naked eye, and this response was accompanied by a clear change of the color of the solution; the color changed from the original yellow color to colorless. This color change occurred due to the Cu2+-promoted hydrolysis of 3 , which yielded a fluorescence-quenched product. It is inspiring that probe 3 exhibited excellent sensitivity, a short response time and strong anti-interference recognition. Compared with the allowable amount of Cu2+ (∼20 μM) in drinking water, the detection limit of 3 for Cu2+ is calculated to be 9.15 nM, which is much lower than the amount defined by standards. The probe can be successfully applied for the determination of Cu2+ in real aqueous samples. Furthermore, probe 3 can be used as a fluorescent sensor to detect Cu2+ in biological environments, demonstrating its low toxicity to organisms and good cell permeability in live cell imaging. Image 1 • A novel colorimetric and fluorescent chemosensor for copper ions was developed with water-soluble feature. • The probe exhibited strong anti-interference recognition and low detection limit of 9.15 nM. • The probe was suitable for imaging copper ions in living cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An effective morpholine-type naphthalimide chemsensor, N- p -chlorophenyl-4-(2-aminoethyl)morpholine-1,8-naphthalimide (CMN) has been developed as a lysosome-targeted fluorometric sensor for trivalent metal ions (Fe3+, Al3+ and Cr3+). Upon the addition of Fe3+, Al3+ or Cr3+ ions, the probe CMN showed an evident naked-eye color changes which pale yellow solution of CMN turned deepened and it displayed turn-on fluorescence response in methanol. CMN showed a significant selective and sensitive toward Fe3+, Al3+ or Cr3+ ions, while there was no obvious behavior to other monovalent or divalent metal ions from the UV–vis and fluorescence spectrum. Based on the Job's plot analyses the 1:1 coordination mode of CMN with Fe3+, Al3+ or Cr3+ was proposed. The limit of detection (LOD) observed were 0.65, 0.69 and 0.68 μM for Fe3+, Al3+ and Cr3+ ions, respectively. The N-atom of morpholine directly involved in complex formation, CMN emitted fluorescence through inhibition of photoinduced electron transfer (PET). This probe exhibited excellent imaging ability for Fe3+, Al3+and Cr3+ ions in living cells with low cytotoxicity. Significantly, the cellular confocal microscopic research indicated that the lysosome-targeted group of morpholine moiety was introduced which realized the capability of imaging lysosomal trivalent metal ions in living cells for the first time. Unlabelled Image • A "turn–on" chemosensor for trivalent cations was developed. • The probe showed naked-eye color changes for trivalent cations detection. • The logic gate at molecular level was anticipated. • The probe was suitable for imaging lysosomal trivalent cations in living cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]