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Developing a 3D material to support α-Fe 2 O 3 nanorods to improve their adsorption performance for Congo Red (CR) is a major challenge. Herein, a novel 3D composite adsorbent was designed, where 2D material Ti 3 C 2 MX and CoFe-LDH stacked on top of each other as the support material of α-Fe 2 O 3 nanorods (α-Fe 2 O 3 @LDH@MX). The specific surface area of the α-Fe 2 O 3 @LDH@MX was increased by 2 times (101.28 m2/g) than original CoFe-LDH@MX, thus more favorable for capturing CR (698.25 mg/g). The results of kinetic studies demonstrate that the effective 3D composite structure enables unhindered movement of CR within the α-Fe 2 O 3 @LDH@MX. The Langmuir model can accurately describe the adsorption process of CR on the α-Fe 2 O 3 @LDH@MX, which means that the process belongs to monomolecular layer chemisorption. Molecular dynamics simulations revealed that the α-Fe 2 O 3 interface primarily interacts with oxygen within the -SO 3 group, achieving an adsorption energy up to E in teraction = −20,375.89 kcal/mol. The results of XPS analysis further revealed that interaction between Fe and O achieved the removal of CR. In this paper, the enhancement of α-Fe 2 O 3 adsorption performance has been successfully achieved through innovative structural design. This significantly advances its potential applications and offers new insights for future material design. [Display omitted] • 3D support improves the exposure of α-Fe 2 O 3 nanorod active sites and promotes rapid response to Congo red. • α-Fe 2 O 3 @LDH@MX has outstanding adsorption capacity for Congo red and excellent anti-interference ability. • Quantum chemistry and molecular dynamics simulations were used to provide in-depth insights into the adsorption mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High conductivity NiCo 2 S 4 (NCS) nanosheets in situ grown in porous nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide (PN-rGO) materials were successfully prepared via a simple hydrothermal method. A synergistic effect between the NCS and PN-rGO matrix is observed on the electrochemical performance of the composites. PN-rGO/NCS exhibits an equivalent ultralow diffusion resistance and charge transfer resistance (0.16 Ω), ultrahigh specific capacitance (1,687 F g−1 at a current density of 0.5 A g−1), and an excellent rate capability (1,478 F g−1 at a current density of 10 A g−1). The asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) is designed with PN-rGO/NCS as the positive electrode and active carbon as the negative electrode. The ASC device exhibits a high capacitance (355.5 F g−1 at a current density of 1 A g−1). Density functional theory calculations show PN-rGO/NCS to increase the electrical conductivity of the material, and concomitantly the electrochemical performance. The data suggest that the PN-rGO/NCS hybrid structure can be considered as a future supercapacitor electrode material. Image, graphical abstract [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • High dispersion and stable attachment of LDH on nitrogen and sulfur doped porous carbon (NSPC). • The synergistic effect of LDH and NSPC enhances the adsorption of heavy metal ions. • The adsorption mechanism was attributed to surface complexation. Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) composites (NSPC@LDH) were successfully prepared on nitrogen and sulfur-doped porous carbon (NSPC) by a simple co-precipitation method. The synergistic effect between the modified porous carbon and LDH enhanced its adsorption performance. Compared with pure LDH, the composite had a larger specific surface area (188.78 m2/g) and pore structure with a smaller crystallite size (4.56 nm). The porous carbon carrier effectively mitigated the aggregation effect of LDH. The maximum adsorption capacities of NSPC@LDH for Zn2+ (100 ppm) and Cu2+ (100 ppm) were 125.7 mg/g and 137.5 mg/g, respectively, which were 2.85 and 2.39 times the original LDH. The XRD and XPS studies of the adsorbent after adsorption revealed that surface complexation and physical adsorption played a dominant role in the removal of Zn2+ and Cu2+, and the introduction of N, S heteroatoms provided more active centers for heavy metal ions. Moreover, after five desorption cycles, NSPC@LDH still exhibited high removal efficiency. The results indicated that the synthesized NSPC@LDH composites have great potential for removing Zn2+ and Cu2+ from aqueous solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]