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Objective: The purpose of the present study was to examine resource utilization in octogenarians undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and compare it with usage in their younger cohorts at a tertiary care heart center. The resources examined were time to extubation, packed red blood cell transfusions, intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay (LOS), and preoperative and postoperative LOS. The study also examined differences in postoperative morbidity and mortality. Design: Retrospective hospital follow-up study of consecutive patients undergoing CABG using a prospectively designed database. Setting: University teaching tertiary care referral center for cardiac surgery. Participants: Seventeen hundred forty-six male and female patients undergoing CABG surgery, including 155 octogenarians and 1591 patients younger than 80 years. Interventions: None. Measurements and Main Results: Demographic, mortality, morbidity, and resource utilization data were collected from the records of patients undergoing CABG at the authors’ institution over 3 years. There were 1746 patients: 155 octogenarians and 1591 nonoctogenarians. Octogenarians had a significantly higher incidence of preoperative stroke, peripheral vascular disease, chronic obstructive lung disease, congestive heart failure, and left main disease. They weighed significantly less, and had lower preoperative and postoperative hematocrit. There was a significantly higher percentage of women in the octogenarian group. Mean time from the end of surgery to endotracheal extubation was 9.3 hours for octogenarians and 6.3 hours for their younger cohorts (p < 0.001). Blood transfusion was required in 88.4% of octogenarians compared with 58.6% of nonoctogenarians (p < 0.001). Mean ICU LOS was 1.9 days for octogenarians and 1.4 days for nonoctogenarians (p < 0.001). Mean postoperative LOS was 8.7 days for octogenarians and 5.8 days for nonoctogenarians (p < 0.001). Clinical and demographic variables were correlated with age 80 years or older. Multivariate linear and logistic regression models were constructed to show the combined effects of age and comorbid conditions on outcomes. Octogenarians had a significantly higher incidence of postoperative renal failure and neurologic complications. The 30-day mortality rate was 9.0% for the octogenarian group v 1.2% for the younger group (p < 0.001). Age 80 years or older was significantly associated with outcome, and was an independent predictor of increased resource utilization and postoperative mortality and morbidity. Conclusions: The results demonstrated that octogenarians undergoing CABG required increased resource utilization and had significantly higher morbidity, with increased incidence of postoperative renal failure, neurologic complications, and 30- day mortality. Age 80 years or older was an independent predictor of increased resource utilization, postoperative morbidity, and mortality. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Background: The availability of several effective screening options for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening calls for involving patients in decision making about CRC screening. The current study examined (1) participant characteristics associated with their preferences for participation in CRC screening decision making, (2) correspondence between participant preferences for decision making and their usual participation in decision making, and (3) associations between participant decision-making preferences and CRC screening practices and attitudes. Methods: Data were obtained using a random, population-based telephone survey, conducted during August 2001 and April 2002, of 2119 community-living adults aged 50 to 75 years (56% female) residing in Long Island, NY. Results: Overall, 77% reported that preferences for CRC screening decision making matched how screening decisions were usually made (simple kappa coefficient=0.67 [0.64–0.69]). Fifteen percent preferred to make screening decisions themselves, while 25% preferred to make decisions after considering their physician’s opinion; nearly 50% preferred to share decision making, and 16% preferred that their physician make all screening decisions. Less education was associated with preferring that the physician make all screening decisions. Preferring physician involvement in screening decision making was associated with greater odds of citing no physician recommendation as a barrier to CRC screening, when compared to those who preferred no physician involvement. Preferring no physician involvement in decision making was associated with lower odds of reporting a recent CRC screening exam, as well as lower odds of endorsing positive attitudes and greater odds of endorsing negative attitudes toward CRC screening, when compared to participants who preferred physician involvement in decision making. Their attitudes also reflected intentions not to screen for CRC if they were asymptomatic, as well as the perception that they were not at personal risk for CRC. Conclusions: Several factors were identified as significantly associated with preferences for decision making and deserve further exploration for their application to clinical practice. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]