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Objective: To evaluate the effect of preimplantation genetic screening (PGS) on neurodevelopmental outcomes in children. Design: Prospective, assessor-blinded, follow-up study of children born to women randomly assigned to in vitro fertilization or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) with or without PGS. Setting: University Medical Center, Groningen, and Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Patient(s): Fifty-four PGS children and 77 controls. Intervention(s): PGS. Main Outcome Measure(s): Mental, psychomotor, neurologic, and behavioral outcomes in 2-year-old children as measured with the Bayley Scales of Infant Development, the Hempel neurologic examination, and the Child Behavior Check List. Result(s): The mental, psychomotor, and behavioral outcomes at 2 years in children born after IVF with and without PGS were similar overall. The PGS children showed lower neurologic optimality scores than the control children. Scores on all tests were within the normal range. Conclusion(s): Conception with PGS does not seem to be associated with impaired mental, psychomotor, or behavioral outcomes by age 2. However, the lower neurologic optimality scores found in the PGS children may signal less favorable long-term neurologic outcomes in PGS children. Our findings stress the need for safety evaluations with new assisted reproductive techniques before large-scale implementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Background: Apoptosis related proteins in early staged NSCLC seem to have prognostic value. We studied the value of a combination of eight of those proteins in advanced NSCLC. Patients and methods: Bronchoscopically procured tumor biopsies of NSCLC patients were stained immunohistochemically and rated for expression of eight different cellular proteins. Patients were treated with 60Gy radiotherapy with or without carboplatin as radiosensitizer. Results: Apoptotic proteins in tumors that showed positive staining were the highest for Bax (99%), Fas (92%), FasL (87%), Rb (87%), p21(WAF1) (73%), and p53 (70%), and the lowest for c-myc (58%) and Bcl-2 (58%). In the Cox regression analysis Bcl-2 positivity (RR=0.61, 95% CI, 0.37–0.98, p =0.04) was predictive for overall survival. Only Bcl-2 staining percentage (RR10 (RR associated with an increase in stained cells of 10%)=0.93, 95% CI, 0.89–0.99), p53 (RR10 =0.94, 95% CI, 0.89–0.99) and FasL (RR10 =0.92, 95% CI, 0.86–0.99) were predictive for a longer progression-free survival. No specific constellation of apoptotic proteins was associated with tumor response. Conclusion: Bcl-2 expression in tumor tissue of patients with unresectable NSCLC predicts a better overall survival, while Bcl-2, p53, and FasL expressions predict for a longer progression-free survival. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]