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Nonylphenol (NP), a main byproduct of nonylphenol polyethoxylates (NPEs) degradation, is prevalent across diverse environmental settings. Given its widespread presence, evaluating the ecological risks associated with NP in coastal waters and sediments is essential for the protection of the marine environment. This study evaluates the acute toxicity of NP on ten representative aquatic species from the Bohai Sea, determining the Aquatic Life Criteria (ALC) through two distinct methods. The Criteria Maximum Concentration (CMC) for NP in seawater was established at 12.0 μg/L, with a Predicted No-Effect Concentration (PNEC) for water at 15.2 μg/L and for sediment at 33.3 μg/kg. Additionally, a tiered ecological risk assessment (ERA) of both surface seawater and sediment in the Bohai Sea revealed significant ecological risks at various sediment sites. These results offer crucial insights for assessing the ecological risks to coastal ecosystem and provide foundational data necessary for informed environmental protection and management strategies. [Display omitted] • Acute toxicity data for ten native species of the Bohai Sea were derived from acute toxicity tests. • PNEC and CMC of nonylphenol in the Bohai Sea were determined. • A comprehensive risk assessment of nonylphenol in the Bohai surrounding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The evolution of phase composition and microstructure such as grain size, dislocation and crystallographic texture in austenite-martensite duplex Ni 47 Ti 44 Nb 9 rolled sheets during the annealing was systematically investigated. The influence of annealing temperature on shape memory effect was also examined. The strong {001} fiber texture tested in as-rolled sheets is identified as a wrong result, which is mistakenly introduced by X-ray Diffractometer, due to the interference of martensite. Different annealing temperatures result in variation of phase composition and microstructure. For instance, in the case of 600 °C, the phase fraction of austenite increases and the dislocations develop to form tiny sub-grains due to reverse martensitic phase transformation and recovery. The texture of NiTi austenite mainly concentrates on {111}〈110〉. In the case of 950 °C, the sub-grains develop to trigger recrystallization, resulting in larger grains and decreasing of dislocations and {111}〈110〉 texture intensity. In addition, the sheets annealed at 600 °C possess higher recoverability than those of 950 °C, which can be attributed to the combined role of grain size, dislocation and crystallographic texture. • The preferred orientation of as hot-rolled sheets concentrates on {111} <110>. • Phase transformation, recovery and recrystallization determine the microstructure. • The sheets annealed at 600 °C possess higher recoverability than those of 950 °C. • Grain size, dislocation and crystallographic texture determine the recoverability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The NiTiHf-Nb alloy exhibits good workability as well as high-temperature shape memory property. In this work, effects of cooling rate on martensitic transformation behavior and shape memory property for Ni-rich (Ni 50.1 Ti 34.9 Hf 15) 85 Nb 15 alloy were investigated. For comparison, the martensitic transformation behavior and shape memory property of Ni 50.1 Ti 34.9 Hf 15 alloy were also investigated. As the cooling rate decreased from water cooling to furnace cooling after solution treatment, the martensitic transformation temperatures (TTs) of (Ni 50.1 Ti 34.9 Hf 15) 85 Nb 15 alloy decreased gradually, whereas the decrease was not obvious for Ni 50.1 Ti 34.9 Hf 15 alloy. The increased valence electron concentration (c v) should account for the decrease in TTs of (Ni 50.1 Ti 34.9 Hf 15) 85 Nb 15 alloy. The shape memory effect strain increased with the decrease in the cooling rate for both two alloys, and the largest shape memory effect strain of 2.6% can be obtained in furnace-cooled (Ni 50.1 Ti 34.9 Hf 15) 85 Nb 15 alloy. This enhancement in the shape memory property should be ascribed to the precipitation of H-phase in furnace-cooled (Ni 50.1 Ti 34.9 Hf 15) 85 Nb 15 alloy. • Higher shape memory effect strain could be obtained by slow cooling after solution treatment. • Higher martensitic transformation temperatures could be obtained by fast cooling after solution treatment. • The martensitic start transformation temperatures were c v dependent. • Precipitation of H-phase could be improved by addition of Nb. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A biohydrogel electrode containing nanosheets and Shewanella was farbicated. • Biohydrogel was modified into photoanode with thylakoid membrane. • Photoanode produced maximum photocurrent 126 μA/cm3 under visible light. • 5.4 mM butyrate was yield from CO 2 bio-reduction in photoelectrochemical cell. Bio-photoelectrochemical cell (BPEC) is an emerging technology that can convert the solar energy into electricity or chemicals. However, traditional BPEC depending on abiotic electrodes is challenging for microbial/enzymatic catalysis because of the inefficient electron exchange. Here, electroactive bacteria (Shewanella loihica PV-4) were used to reduce graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets and produce co-assembled rGO/ Shewanella biohydrogel as a basic electrode. By adsorbing chlorophyll contained thylakoid membrane, this biohydrogel was fabricated as a photoanode that delivered maximum photocurrent 126 μA/cm3 under visible light. Impressively, the biohydrogel could be served as a cathode in BPEC by forming coculture system with genetically edited Clostridium ljungdahlii. Under illumination, the BPEC with above photoanode and cathode yielded ∼ 5.4 mM butyrate from CO 2 reduction, 169 % increase compared to dark process. This work provided a new strategy (nanotechnology combined with synthetic biology) to achieve efficient bioelectricity and valuable chemical production in PBEC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Fe-Mn-Al-based shape memory alloys, the essential strategy for obtaining good superelasticity is precipitating coherent B2 nano-particles by adding Ni element. In the present paper, we investigated the effect of Ni contents on the precipitation behavior of nano-ordered particles in Fe-Mn-Al-Ni alloys subjected to solution treatment followed by water quenching and air cooling, respectively. D0 3 nano-particles were precipitated in water-quenched and air-cooled specimens with the Ni content of 2.1 at.%. However, coherent B2 nano-particles were precipitated in the water-quenched and air-cooled specimens with the Ni contents of 4.0–10.8 at.%. In addition, their average diameters increased linearly with increasing Ni contents, and were 3.4–14.5 nm for the water-quenched specimens and 9.5–32.3 nm for the air-cooled specimens. The precipitation of B2 nano-particles cannot be suppressed even by water quenching owing to the formation of a miscibility gap after adding Ni element in Fe-Mn-Al-Ni alloys. • Precipitation of nano-phase could be controlled by Ni contents in FeMnAlNi alloys. • D0 3 nano-particles were precipitated when Ni content was 2.1 at.%. • Average diameters of B2 nano-phase increased linearly with increasing Ni contents. • A miscibility gap was formed by adding Ni element in FeMnAlNi alloys. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]