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A 14-y follow-up of 58 1 children who took part in a randomized controlled trial of the effect of a milk supplement on growth of children was conducted to investigate the supplement's effect on adult bone mineral content (BMC) and density (BMD). BMC and BMD of the nondominant forearm were measured by single-photon absorptiometry in 37 1 subjects (64%) aged 20-23 y, at a proximal site (shaft of radius and ulna) and at a distal site near the wrist. BMCs and BMDS tended to be higher in the intervention group (NS). Cross-sectionally, BMD was positively associated with body weight (P < 0.01) in both sexes; inversely associated with alcohol consumption (P < 005), and positively with manual occupation (NS) in men; positively associated with current intakes of calcium (P < 0.05), vitamin D (P < 0.01), and sports activity during adolescence (P < 0.01). and inversely with parity (NS) in women. In multiple linear-regression analysis body weight and sports activity during adolescence were stronger determinants of female BMD than was diet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An absolute standardisation of 89Zr was performed alongside determination of gamma emission intensities and half-life. The collected data were evaluated alongside complementary works from previous publications and new recommended nuclear data values are presented including a new evaluated T 1/2 = 78.361(25) h and new absolute intensities for gamma transitions resulting from its decay to 89Y. Dial settings for commercially available radionuclide calibrators are also presented and show a relative difference of approximately 3% compared to previously published values. • New primary standardisation of 89Zr. • 3% difference noted between existing and determined calibration factors for commercial radionuclide calibrators. • New half life determination and evaluation. • Absolute gamma emission intensity determination and evaluation. • Differences of up to 10% observed relative to currently published gamma emission data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Context Health communication campaigns including mass media and health-related product distribution have been used to reduce mortality and morbidity through behavior change. The intervention is defined as having two core components reflecting two social marketing principles: (1) promoting behavior change through multiple communication channels, one being mass media, and (2) distributing a free or reduced-price product that facilitates adoption and maintenance of healthy behavior change, sustains cessation of harmful behaviors, or protects against behavior-related disease or injury. Evidence acquisition Using methods previously developed for the Community Guide, a systematic review (search period, January 1980-December 2009) was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of health communication campaigns that use multiple channels, including mass media, and distribute health-related products. The primary outcome of interest was use of distributed health-related products. Evidence synthesis Twenty-two studies that met Community Guide quality criteria were analyzed in 2010. Most studies showed favorable behavior change effects on health-related product use (a median increase of 8.4 percentage points). By product category, median increases in desired behaviors ranged from 4.0 percentage points for condom promotion and distribution campaigns to 10.0 percentage points for smoking-cessation campaigns. Conclusions Health communication campaigns that combine mass media and other communication channels with distribution of free or reduced-price health-related products are effective in improving healthy behaviors. This intervention is expected to be applicable across U.S. demographic groups, with appropriate population targeting. The ability to draw more specific conclusions about other important social marketing practices is constrained by limited reporting of intervention components and characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]