Search

Blockchain stores a series of transactions in form of a sequence of linked blocks. Hence, the concept of a single decentralized ledger is easily maintained. Transactions and interactions that take place among the participants accessing the distributed and decentralized but cooperative blockchain network are held through a single ledger. A student information system (SIS) can make use of a decentralized, reliable, and highly trusted ledger that stores vital information. Traditional education systems encounter problems such as centralized record keeping where fault tolerance depends on a single cloud provider; not to mention locally hosted databases. The implementation of blockchain in the education sector provides a new horizon for set of non-functional requirements including but not limited to: security, immutability, independence from the institution, immutability of official records and certificates. In addition, total trust in the accuracy and infallibility are all gathered in the decentralized ledgers of blockchain. The proposed models emphasize on the data availability; represented in students' ability to access all of their data at any time. This paper proposes three models for using blockchains to implement fully functional SIS that maintains transactions such as students' and faculty members' records, course registration records and student marks. In addition, avoiding the role of a super administrator or a centralized exposed store where data integrity is vulnerable. Using the proposed models pushes towards an electronic community where genuine certificates can be easily issued and published to the interested parties without the need for involving a centralized administration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study presents a new generalized recommender system framework based on Blockchain technology called BC-Rec. Blockchain technology is a decentralized data-sharing ledger across a large network of untrusted entities. The presented idea is motivated by the fact that e-business platforms share common data about users, items, and sellers. In other words, a new user/seller in a particular e-business platform may be a trusted user/seller in other e-business platforms. Also, a new item in a particular marketplace may have a historical record in other marketplaces. The core idea behind BC-Rec is to adopt Blockchain technology to share the data required to generate the recommendation between the e-business platforms. BC-Rec architecture is designed based on a permission-less public Blockchain network, Ethereum Blockchain. The key feature of BC-Rec is the smart contract deployed to determine the agreement between certain entities on the Blockchain. We expect that the proposed framework will help alleviate cold-start, sparsity, and shilling attack problems. • Blockchain technology is a decentralized data-sharing ledger across a large network of untrusted entities. • e-business platforms share common data about users, items, and sellers. • Proposed a generalized recommender system framework using Blockchain technology. • Blockchain technology is adopted to share data between the e-business platforms. • Proposed framework will help alleviate cold-start, sparsity, and shilling attack problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rapid growth of big data, the applications of intellectual property (IP) rights and prior art documents are increasing rapidly. Patent examiners are usually overworked to evaluate inventions referring to a large volume of prior arts in a short period. Such increasing workloads and documents may cause administrative inefficiencies and generate low-quality IPs that hamper technological innovation. Moreover, today's centralized IP administration system is inefficient in processing speed, security, and cost. Inefficiencies of IP administration in each national IP office impede speedy and efficient cooperation for international application and registration. This study proposes an IP decentralized ledger (IP dLedger) based on the blockchain to significantly reduce IP administration costs and improve IP use. IP dLedger connects the on-chain (blockchain) to the off-chain (centralized database) systems using IP codes that combine hash values and timestamps. Similar to the web hypertext method, this connective feature of IP dLedger enables users who click on identification information registered in a blockchain network to access, through a hyperlink, a centralized database of enormous volumes of related IP information. Therefore, IP dLedger can reduce IP administration costs, increase IP usage, and facilitate safe and convenient use of the IP data. • The rapid growth of patent data causes inefficiencies and generates low-quality IPs. • Today's centralized IP administration system is slow, insecure, and costly. • The scalability issue inherent in today's blockchain technology must be dealt with. • Connectivity from the on-chain to the off-chain will address the scalability issue. • The new system enhances application, registration, trading, and evaluation systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]