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Abstract: Background and aims: Adiponectin is an adipokine highly and specifically expressed by adipose cells with antiatherogenic and antiinflammatory activities. The aim of the present study was to evaluate plasma adiponectin concentration in patients with primary hypertriglyceridemia and its relationship with metabolic parameters. Methods and results: Male patients with primary hypertriglyceridemia and without the metabolic syndrome (n =22) were compared with normotriglyceridemic individuals (n =25). Plasma adiponectin concentration was measured by standardised enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Body mass index, waist circumference, glucose, insulin and non-esterified fatty acid levels, lipoprotein profile, and CETP activity were evaluated. Adiponectin levels were significantly decreased in hypertriglyceridemic patients in comparison with normotriglyceridemic subjects (4292±1717 vs. 6939±3249ng/ml, p <0.005, respectively). Adiponectin was negatively associated with glucose (r =−0.44, p <0.01), insulin (r =−0.37, p <0.01), HOMA (r =−0.40, p <0.01), triglycerides (r =−0.36, p <0.01), VLDL-C (r =−0.34, p <0.05), and CETP (r =−0.47, p <0.001). Positive and significant correlations were observed with QUICKI (r =0.49, p <0.001) and HDL-C (r =0.33, p <0.05). In the multiple linear regression analysis, considering waist circumference, QUICKI, Log-triglycerides, HDL-C, and CETP as independent variables, Log-adiponectin showed a positive correlation with QUICKI, with an r 2 =0.229 and p <0.001. Therefore, the independent variable QUICKI explained the 23% of the variance in Log-adiponectin concentration. Conclusions: We found low adiponectin levels in a population of primary hypertriglyceridemic men without the metabolic syndrome and an independent relationship between adiponectin concentration and insulin resistance. A reduction in insulin sensitivity and its impact on adiponectin concentration could be linked to high non-esterified fatty acid levels, increased triglyceride synthesis in the liver and impaired catabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Background: Low-potassium-dextran preservation solution Perfadex (PER) may provide better outcome of transplanted lungs than high-potassium Euro-Collins (EC) solution. However, there are no comparative studies of the recipient inflammatory response to the graft. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare EC versus PER as preservation solutions with respect to the functional performance and inflammatory response in single-lung transplantation from heart-beating donors in pigs. Materials and Methods: The donor left lung flushed with the corresponding cold preservation solution was stored at 3°C for 3 hours. We assessed hemodynamic values and pulmonary function in the recipient over a 2-hour reperfusion period calculated as percent of basal values, and expressed as mean of the reperfusion period. Interleukin-8 (IL-8) concentration in the donor was estimated in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid 2 hours after recipient reperfusion. Biopsies of the donor right lung and the transplanted lung were obtained to measure myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity. IL-8 and MPO values were expressed as percent of the donor value. We evaluated the wet/dry pulmonary weight ratio (W/D), polymorphonuclear neutrophil count (PMN), and a score of histological damage in the transplanted graft. Results: Pulmonary function evaluated by % static: 66.6 ± 6.8 (EC), 82.3 ± 10.2 (PER), and dynamic: 74.0 ± 7.3 (EC), 89.3 ± 7.7 (PER) compliances, as well as % IL-8: 562.5 ± 168.6 (EC), 232.3 ± 148.7 (PER), % MPO: 485.9 ± 194.9 (EC), 140.8 ± 21.1 (PER), W/D: 9.9 ± 3.1 (EC), 6.8 ± 1.4 (PER), PMN 13.5 ± 6.8 (EC), 5.5 ± 3.3 (PER) and the histological damage score: 3.0 ± 1.5 (EC), 0.7 ± 0.4 (PER) showed significant differences between the EC and the PER (P < .01). Conclusions: PER affords good lung preservation with early graft function and modest evidences of inflammation, lung injury, and edema compared with the EC perfused lung. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]