Search

• A new multi-scale residual jagged dilated convolution neural network with long short-term memory (MRJDCNN-LSTM) model is designed. • The principle of residual learning into the improved jagged dilated convolution is proposed. • The extraction rate of nonlinear high-latitude spatial features at different scales is improved. A new fault diagnosis method is proposed combining multiple models into a multiscale residual jagged dilated convolutional neural network with long short-term memory (MRJDCNN-LSTM). This method has strong feature extraction ability and can effectively extract and classify fault features. First, a new multi-scale residual jagged dilated convolution neural network (MRJDCNN) model is designed by incorporating the principle of residual learning into the improved jagged dilated convolution, and then it is combined with the long short term memory(LSTM) network delicately. This not only greatly improves the extraction rate of nonlinear high-latitude spatial features at different scales while preventing model degradation, but also subtly extracts time-related features, effectively reducing the loss of necessary features, and thus greatly improving the accuracy of model diagnosis. The simulation and comparative experiments of Tennessee-Eastman (TE) process and industrial coking furnace both prove that the constructed model has excellent performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• a combination of 3DCNN-LSTM is proposed. • an attention mechanism is proposed. • a data stacking method to perceive the correlation between features. Although architectures such as recurrent neural networks (RNN) perform well in time series prediction, there is still challenges for existing deep learning methods in extracting comprehensive spatio-temporal features. This paper proposes a fault diagnosis method (3D-ALCNN) using a three-dimensional convolutional neural network (3DCNN), a long-short-term memory network (LSTM) and an attentional mechanism to enhance the correlation perception among important features. The 3DCNN and LSTM are firstly used to extract temporal features and a data stacking method to adapt the one-dimensional data to the input requirements of 3DCNN is adopted. Then, the correlation between different features is identified through the attention mechanism and the neural network is guided to focus on more important features. Eventually, the model output is fed into a classifier for fault classification. Simulation experiments on the industrial coke furnace show that the 3D-ALCNN model outperforms existing methods in terms of fault diagnosis accuracy and efficiency, especially when dealing with chemical data with complex time dependencies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rapid development of lightweight, portable, and even wearable electronics, there is an increasing demand for flexible supercapacitors with excellent electrochemical performance. Here, we present the design and preparation of a novel architecture with SnO 2 dots uniformly confined on the activated porous carbon nanofibers (CNFs) using copper and its oxides as the hard templates for generating holes. Not only does the single electrode itself with a certain loading mass of SnO 2 show larger specific capacitance, better rate capability, and higher conductivity than the bare CNFs and activated CNFs/SnO 2 electrodes, but the assembled quasi-solid-state symmetric supercapacitor also exhibits good flexibility as well as superior electrochemical property with satisfactory energy density and favorable cycling stability, which indicates the great potential for practical applications. This work may provide a versatile and low-cost strategy to construct carbon/metal oxide nanostructures with robust binding force at the interface for adhesive-free supercapacitors. A novel architecture with SnO 2 dots tightly and uniformly confined on the activated porous carbon nanofibers was prepared using copper and its oxides as the hard templates for generating holes, which can be directly applied as the binder-free electrode for high-performance supercapacitor with excellent flexibility. Image 1 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Graphical abstract Highlights • Multiplex CRISPR/Cas9 system has been developed for 1–3 genome edits in S. cerevisiae. • High efficiencies of multi-gene disruptions obtained vary from 80% to 100%. • Combinatorial effect on ethanol level identified from multiple knockout were observed. • Ethanol productivity of the strain increased 1.41-fold compared to native strain. Abstract Despite the great progress in genome editing in the model organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae , regulating the carbon flux to ethanol in the ethanol metabolic pathway to achieve high ethanol yield and productivity remains a challenge. Here, we developed an efficient strategy for single-step, high-efficiency, simultaneous multiple gene disruptions in S. cerevisiae based on the CRISPR/Cas9 system. Three genes, the alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) 2 gene, the glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPD) 1 gene, and the aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALD) 4 gene, were disrupted singly and combinatorially with efficiency ranging from 80 to 100%. We applied our genome engineering tool to explore all possible single, double, and triple gene disruption combinations to search for strains with high ethanol production. This exploratory analysis identified strains with ethanol production at least 1.41-fold greater than that of the wild-type strain. Our study illustrates the applicability of this highly efficient multiplex genome engineering approach for genome editing and the regulation of metabolic flux in S. cerevisiae. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Carbon dioxide injection is an ideal approach to prevent and control spontaneous combustion of coal in coal mines, which has higher purity, wider coverage and stronger inerting effect, but its application is limited by how to produce considerable gaseous carbon dioxide underground. Liquid carbon dioxide has high risks to be used underground due to its phase-state instability. Dry-ice has stable properties, but its sublimation in normally is too slow to extinguish the fire. To address this issue, a new type of apparatus for efficiently sublimating dry-ice has been developed independently, which would yield more than 205 times as much carbon dioxide as dry-ice under normal condition. There is no external power supply during its working, but the heat for dry-ice’s rapid sublimation originates from continuously running water in a copper pipe inside the apparatus, thereby greatly improving the security of the use underground. This apparatus has been successfully applied to extinguish several early spontaneous combustion in Yangmeiwu Coal Mine in China. This paper describes the apparatus and its application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sapindus mukorossi fruit has been widely used as a source of daily necessities, cosmetics, biomedicine, and biodiesel due to its high terpenoids content. However, a systematic inventory of the regulatory mechanisms of terpenoids biosynthesis at different stages of fruit growth is still lacking. Here, we identified 50 terpenoid metabolites by terpenoid-targeted metabolomics and found that the most abundant kinds of terpenoids are triterpenoids and sesquiterpenoids. Mukurozioside and pyishiauoside of sesquiterpenoids were significantly upregulated in the mature fruit (S3) compared with the young fruit (S1) and mid-mature fruit (S2), indicating that they may be important factors leading to a high content of terpenoids. A total of 1669 differentially expressed (dif) lncRNAs, 13 dif-circRNAs, 219 dif-miRNAs, and 17,529 dif-mRNAs were identified by whole-transcriptome data. Enrichment analysis showed that these dif-RNAs were significantly enriched in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, metabolic process, and plant hormone signal transduction. Co-expression and ceRNA network analysis showed that lncRNA:MSTRG.18127.1 was positively correlated with gma-miR156k, SmHSF14 , and SmAXY4 , regulating secondary metabolite biosynthesis. Correlation analysis between transcriptome and metabolite profiling showed that SmSE , Smβ-AS , SmCYP716A , SmUGT73 , SmUGT94 , SmTPS1 , and SmTPS26 are key regulatory genes and that the upregulation of these genes may be beneficial to terpenoids biosynthesis. These findings can help elucidate the molecular mechanisms and regulatory networks of terpenoids biosynthesis in S. mukorossi and provide a biological basis for genomics-enabled improvements in molecular breeding. • Terpenoids with fruit maturity exhibited a significant difference. • UTG73 and CYP716A members showed a similar pattern to the phenotypic data. • SmTPS26 is a candidate key gene responsible for terpenoids biosynthesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Cane molasses was used for the lipid and carotenoids accumulation in R. toruloides. • The production of torularhodin from MT was 14.68-fold higher than those of the WT. • A high quality reference genome of R. toruloides M18 was produced. • Transcriptome revealed hub genes for lipid and carotenoids accumulation. Cane molasses is beneficial for lipid and carotenoid production in microalgae. We made a survey for the lipid and carotenoid production profile of R. toruloides M18 (MT) with various concentrations of molasses under nitrogen-deficited conditions. The production of α-linolenate and torularhodin from MT were 1.22– and 14.68-fold higher than those of the wild-type strain. We observed that molasses at concentrations of 35 g/L and 70 g/L represented a cheap and environmentally friendly strategy for producing lipids and carotenoids. Transcriptome and WGCNA analysis demonstrated that the genes relevant to the lipid and carotenoid production, including MYB , bHLH , Δ-4 desaturase, Δ-12 desaturase and FA2H , were significantly highly expressed. The results indicated that molasses could represent an inexpensive means for achieving high lipids and carotenoids production in R. toruloides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]