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Although childhood obesity matters, the association between body mass index (BMI) and bone mineral density (BMD) progression in grafted tissue after secondary alveolar bone grafting (ABG) for children with cleft alveolus is scarcely studied. Accordingly, this study explored the influence of BMI on BMD progression after ABG. In total, 39 patients with cleft alveolus receiving ABG at the mixed dentition stage were enrolled. Patients were classified as underweight, normal weight, or overweight or obese according to age- and sex-adjusted BMI. BMD was measured in Hounsfield units (HU) from cone-beam computed tomography scans obtained 6 months (T1) and 2 years (T2) postoperatively. Adjusted BMD (HU grafted tissue /HU pogonion , BMD a) was used for further analysis. For underweight, normal-weight, and overweight or obese patients, BMD aT1 values were 72.87%, 91.85%, and 92.89%, respectively (p = 0.727); BMD aT2 values were 111.49%, 112.57%, and 113.10% (p = 0.828); and density enhancement rates were 29.24%, 24.61%, and 22.14% (p = 0.936). No significant correlation was observed between BMI and BMD aT1 , BMD aT2 , or density enhancement rates (p = 0.223, 0.156, and 0.972, respectively). For patients with BMI < 17 and ≥ 17 kg/m2, BMD aT1 values were 89.80% and 92.89%, respectively (p = 0.496); BMD aT2 values were 111.49% and 113.10% (p = 0.216); and density enhancement rates were 23.06% and 26.39% (p = 0.573). Patients with different BMI values had similar outcomes (BMD aT1 , BMD aT2 , or density enhancement rate) after our ABG procedure in the 2-year postoperative follow-up. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, zeolite synthesized based on bentonite via the alkali fusion-hydrothermal method, and the effects of different synthesis parameters on the crystallinity and silicon-aluminum ratio of zeolite were investigated. The zeolite particles were modified by cationic surfactant and magnetized to prepare a MCTAB-BZ composite, which was then applied to the adsorption of diethyl phthalate (DEP) from aqueous solution. The effects of operating factors, including pH value, adsorption dosage, temperature, and adsorption time on the kinetic and isotherm adsorption behavior were studied. Highly crystalline ANA-zeolite can be prepared with the alkali content of 1:1, the aging time of 20 h, the aging water content of 1:15, and the crystallization time of 24 h. The results of the adsorption experiment show that the novel adsorbent-MCTAB-BZ composite shows the best adsorption capacity when the adsorption dosage is 6.25 g/L, temperature is 30 °C and adsorption time is 180 min at the original pH value of the aqueous solution. The adsorption results are presented well by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Freundlich isotherm model. [Display omitted] • Highly crystalline ANA-zeolite can be prepared under the best conditions. • The feasibility of using bentonite-synthesized zeolites as structural backbone synthetic adsorbents was demonstrated. • MCTAB-BZ was successfully applied on the DEP adsorption. • The best DEP adsorption onto MCTAB-BZ conditions were determined in this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Decisional impulsivity represents an important phenotype and a therapeutic target in Internet gaming disorder (IGD). Reality therapy and mindfulness meditation were two approaches to reduce impulsivity. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a group behavioral intervention combining reality therapy and mindfulness meditation in reducing decisional impulsivity and IGD severity. Twenty-five IGD and 21 healthy comparison (HC) young adults participated in baseline tests on the delay discounting and balloon analog risk tasks to measure intertemporal and risky decision-making respectively. Among them, 18 IGD subjects participated in the intervention and were tested again at the end of intervention, and 19 HC subjects without intervention were also tested twice within a similar time period. Results indicate that: (1) at baseline, IGD subjects showed greater intertemporal and risky decisional impulsivity than HC subjects; (2) After intervention, IGD subjects were decreased in delay discounting rate and IGD severity, but did not perform differently on decisional impulsivity in risky choices, as compared with baseline. These findings suggest that decisional impulsivity is a multifaceted behavioral construct and may serve as a possible therapeutic target for IGD. In addition, these results highlight the need for further research into the roles of different forms of decisional impulsivity in the shaping, maintenance, and remission of IGD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

3D polymer/quantum dots (QDs) nanocomposite QD-lens is fabricated by stereolithography (SLA) 3D printer with in-situ UV curing system. Various UV-curable polymer precursors are mixed with QDs to investigate their printability and optical performance. 2D QD-thin film and 3D QD-lens are printed and attached to a blue InGaN chip to form a light-emitting diode (LED) device. An air gap between the 3D QD-lens and the chip provides more uniform light emission at different angles and better heat dissipation. Compared with conventional QD-on-chip LED, the 3D QD-lens LED operated at 20 mA has ∼100% enhancement of half-lifetime (T 50) in a standard reliability test. The LED T 50 can be further improved 75% by coating the QD-lens with hydrophobic parylene as a gas barrier layer against water and oxygen. By mixing both green- (G-) and red- (R-) QDs in the 3D QD-lens, a white light-emitting 3D QD-lens LED is demonstrated to possess a color gamut of ∼130% NTSC standard. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, large area CuIn x Ga 1− x Se 2 (CIGS) thin film solar cells still face difficulties and challenges of the uniformity of composition and structure. This study illustrates how Se concentration affects the crystal growth and the defect formation of CIGS from low cost electrodeposited stacked Cu/In/Cu/Ga/Cu layers selenized in the rapid thermal process. Various crystal growth modes were observed in the film selenized with different Se concentrations. It was found that the crystal growth was strongly dependent on the Se concentration in the early stage of selenization between 250 and 350 °C, which can lead to variations of film composition and structure including a phase separation of CuGaSe 2 from CuInSe 2 and formation of defect holes in a CIGS film at a higher selenization temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A growing body of evidence indicates that both inhibition and decision-making deficits play essential roles in the development and maintenance of Internet gaming disorder (IGD). Clarifying whether impaired decision-making among individuals with IGD is related to poor inhibition will advance our understanding of IGD and contribute to intervention development. However, the relationship between these two functions remains unclear. In this study, we sought to systemically examine inhibitory processes, decision-making and the relationship between the two among individuals with IGD. Thirty-four individuals with IGD and 32 matched healthy controls (HCs) were recruited. In comparison to HCs, IGD subjects demonstrated inhibition deficits during performance of the gaming-related Go/No-Go task and impaired decision-making under risk. In addition, errors on No-Go trials during the gaming-related Go/No-Go task were positively associated with decision-making impairments under risk but not under ambiguity among IGD subjects. These results suggest individuals with IGD are impaired in some aspects of inhibition and decision-making functions, and that decision-making deficits under risk are linked to poor inhibition specifically related to gaming cues, which has implications for the development of novel intervention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Background: Apigenin, a natural plant flavone, may have chemopreventive and therapeutic potentials for anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-cancer. Nevertheless, the anti-tumor effect of apigenin on human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is not fully understood. Methods: The antioxidant capacity and protective effects of apigenin against oxidative stress in murine normal embryonic liver BNLCL2 cells are examined. Cell viability, morphologic change, clonogenic survival, cell cycle distribution, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, glutathione formation, and death receptors- and Bcl-2-mediated caspase pathways of HNSCC SCC25 cells and A431 cells with apigenin are investigated. Results: Apigenin inhibits the growth of SCC25 and A431 cells and induces cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase. Apigenin has an antioxidant capacity as well as the ability to inhibit lipid peroxidation. It protects BNLCL2 cells against oxidative damage, and is potentially able to prevent cancer. Apigenin increases intracellular ROS levels and reduces levels of glutathione; it also induces cell apoptosis via tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNF-R)-, TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand receptor (TRAIL-R)-, and Bcl-2-mediated caspase-dependent cell death pathways in SCC25 cells. The combination of apigenin with 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) or cisplatin induces the dramatic death of SCC25 cells. Conclusions: Apigenin induces SCC25 cell apoptosis via the up-regulation of both TNF-R and TRAIL-R signaling pathways, and has a synergistic effect on the inhibition of cell proliferation in combination with 5-Fu or cisplatin. General significance: These analytical findings suggest that apigenin may be a good therapeutic agent against HNSCC cells. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]