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Resource recovery of the slurry in septic tanks around the cities should be a promising and sustainable approach. However, the amorphous form of the slurry and safety of use put a big challenge on land use of the wastes. This study aimed to transform the slurry into sanitary, nutrient-rich granules and assess the environmental and health risks from land use in agriculture. The granules' impact on soil fertility, plant growth, heavy metal accumulation, pathogenic bacteria and soil bacterial communities was evaluated in field experiments with radish as a test crop. The granules were found to be rich in essential nutrients and hygienically safe; Pb, Cu, Ni, and Zn concentrations were much lower than regulatory limits for land use of sewage sludge. Cd, Hg, As, and Cr were not detected in granules. Application of granules at 30 t/ha and 60 t/ha significantly improved soil quality and increased crop yield by up to 176 ± 14 %. The supplement ratio was significantly negatively correlated with the soil bulk density and positively correlated with the soil porosity, organic matter, and humus in soil. Heavy metals in crops remained within safe limits, with minor variations observed. Soil porosity, ammonium nitrogen, and organic matter were the main environmental factors driving bacterial community differences and causing significant shifts towards beneficial bacterial families, enhancing soil health by suppressing harmful pathogens. This research underscores the potential of septic tank slurry granules to improve soil quality and support sustainable land use, offering valuable insights for urban waste management strategies. [Display omitted] • Septic tank slurry was successfully converted into sanitary, nutrient-rich granules. • The field use of the granules notably improved soil fertility and physical properties. • Environmental and health risks from the sustainable land use of granules were discussed. • Heavy metals in granules had little effect on the soil and plants after land use of granules. • Bacterial communities shifted to beneficial bacteria, boosting soil health by reducing pathogens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Phytoplankton bloom has imposed ecological concerns worldwide; however, few studies have been focused on the successional trajectories of bacterioplankton community over a complete phytoplankton bloom cycle. Using 16S pyrosequencing, we investigated how the coastal bacterioplankton community compositions (BCCs) respond to a phytoplankton bloom in the Xiangshan Bay, East China Sea. The results showed that BCCs were significantly different among the pre-bloom, bloom, and after-bloom stages, with the lowest bacterial diversity at the bloom phase. The BCCs at the short-term after-bloom phase showed a rapid but incomplete recovery to the pre-bloom phase, evidenced by 69.8% similarity between pre-bloom and after-bloom communities. This recovery was parallel with the dynamics of the operational taxonomic units (OTUs) affiliated with Actinobacteria , Bacteroidetes , Cyanobacteria , Alphaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria , whose abundance enriched when bloom occur, and decreased after-bloom, and vice versa . Collectively, the results showed that the BCCs were sensitive to algal-induced disturbances, but could recover to a certain extent after bloom. In addition, OTUs which enriched or decreased during this process are closely associated with this temporal pattern, thus holding the potential to evaluate and indicate the succession stage of phytoplankton bloom. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is rising globally, increasing interest in food ingredients for its prevention and control. This study evaluated the effect of farnesol (FAR), a key component of pomelo flower volatile oil, on dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis in C57BL/6 mice. FAR significantly alleviated DSS-induced colitis and secondary liver injury, as shown by improved body weight, DAI, colon length, and pathology, as well as liver function and blood lipid indices. The mechanism involves FAR-mediated regulation of inflammatory cytokines, increased expression of tight junction protein genes, and decreased expression of lipid metabolism-related proteins. FAR also enhanced gut microbiota diversity, balancing harmful and probiotic bacteria. Fecal metabolome analysis indicated FAR's role in reversing metabolic disturbances related to inflammation and liver lipid metabolism. These findings support developing functional foods for IBD treatment using pomelo flower volatile oil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of multi-wave and multi-component seismic information for reservoir prediction and characterization has been a popular research direction. The study area is located in the Orinoco heavy oil belt in Venezuela. The reservoir is a braided river delta plain deposit and the sandstone is shallowly buried and unconsolidated. Thereby, it is difficult to predict and characterize the type of reservoir effectively with seismic data of conventional P-waves. Based on multi-wave and multi-component seismic acquisition data, the study has conducted petrophysical analysis and seismic horizon calibration with converted wave (PS). Vertically, superimposed sand bodies were identified with PP wave because the PP wave has higher vertical resolution than that of PS wave. Laterally, sectional morphology and plane distribution scale of sand bodies were delineated by using the higher lateral resolution of PS wave. By combining the characteristics of PP wave and PS wave, five models for intersection and sand body superposition were summarized and the architecture units of sand bodies were divided. The seismic attribute (RMS amlpitude) boundary characteristics and continuity of the high amplitude region described by PS wave are more evident to obtain plane distribution of channel bars and braided channels. Three different seismic inversion results of seismic impedance, density and sand thickness from three different methods were compared. The average accuracy of sand body prediction with the method of PP-PS wave combined pre-stack inversion reached approximately 85% which is greater than that of the PP wave post-stack inversion and PP-PS combined post-stack inversion, with accuracy of 64% and 66% respectively. The research results showed that in the study area, the combination of multi-wave and multi-component seismic reflection information can effectively identify and predict multi-stage superimposed sand bodies with clearer vertical superposition and more accurate lateral boundary. Due to the inherent non-uniqueness of seismic information on predicting reservoir distribution, the resolution of seismic data and the difficulty of identification of the highly superimposed shallow-buried unconsolidated sandbodies, reservoir prediction uncertainty still exists. In particular, the interpretation on the sedimentary microfacies distribution and sand-body scale may only be one of the relatively reliable interpretation schemes. • Application of multi-wave and multi-component seismic data. • Description on unconsolidated sand bodies integrated well and seismic data. • PP-PS wave combined pre-stack inversion method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Orinoco heavy oil belt (OHOB), which has the most significant heavy oil reserve in the world, has shown various sedimentary patterns and different evolution processes within its different blocks. We selected two blocks, Junin in the west and Carabobo in the east, to analyze the depositional environment distinctions due to different transgression processes. Based on the interpretation of 3D seismic data and electrical well-logging facies and analysis of depositional phenomena using cores, we clarified diverse depositional associations and constructed a sedimentary evolution model of the depositional system in the study area. We suggest that the depositional system transitioned from a braided river delta to a tide-dominated delta in the Early Miocene and that two factors mainly controlled the transition: paleo-flow and paleo-geomorphology, which are related to tectonic uplift and transgression processes. Transgression increased gradually through tectonic activity, though transgression rates varied area to area, resulting in different depositional environment transitions and sand-body distribution patterns. In the Carabobo block (east), a gentle slope developed, indicating a fast transgression rate. The intense interaction between river and tide flow led to a large inter-distributary channel area with high-sinuosity- or tidal-channels (relative to the Junin block). In the Junin block (west), tectonic activity developed a large accommodation area providing space for the sediment produced, slowing the transgression rate, and contributing to a mainly fluvial delta environment. Due to the gradual intensive transgression, channel stack patterns transitioned from braided-to meandering-channel in the river dominated delta or tidal-channel in the tide-dominated delta. • Depositional environment analysis in the Orinoco heavy oil belt. • Braided river delta to tide-dominated delta transition in the early Miocene. • Fast and slow transgression in the east (Carabobo) and west (Junin), respectively. • Channel stack patterns transitioned from braided-to meandering- or tidal-channel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract The Eastern Venezuela Basin serves as a world-class petroliferous basin, with the sedimentary environment controlled by interactions between the Caribbean and South American plates. This complex tectonic movement could have an important impact on the unsynchronized sedimentary evolution process and heterogeneous marine transgression of different regions within the basin. Thus, it is important to clarify the impact of interactions between the fluviatic- and marine-deposits on the development of the sedimentary environment, the transition of different delta types, and sand-body distribution within this complicated tectonic movement. Based on interpretation of 3D seismic data, electrical well-logging facies and analysis of the sedimentary characteristics of the core, we were able to identify the different sedimentary association types and understand the evolutionary process of the sedimentary system within the study area. We found that the differential sedimentary process in the eastern and western Carabobo block in the Eastern Venezuela Basin was caused by differential uplift and the corresponding spatial discrepancy transgression process in the Middle and Early Miocene foreland basins in this region. The flat geomorphology in the eastern Carabobo block contributed to the obvious sea level transgression process from North to South, but the uplift in the center of the western Carabobo block continuously blocked the sea level transgression. The different transgression processes led to the different sedimentary evolution processes in the eastern and western Carabobo blocks. In the eastern Carabobo block, braided river deltas (23.3–20.43 Ma) gradually changed into meandering river deltas (20.43–15.97 Ma) and finally into tide-influenced estuaries (15.97 Ma). However, in the western subsiding Carabobo block, impacted by the uplift in the center of this area, braided river deltas (23.3–15.97 Ma) in front of the uplift (adjacent to the sea) quickly changed into tide-influenced estuaries (15.97 Ma) with the generation of meandering distributary channels. However, the relatively weak transgression impacting the area behind the uplift resulted in braided channels being retained. Along with the evolution of the sedimentary environment, the tide-related deltaic distributary channel began to change from a braided channel to a meandering one. After rebuilding the paleo-hydrodynamic field, ancient geomorphology, and combining the hydrodynamic equations, we were able to quantitatively explain why sausage-shaped mouth bars occurred in the West and isolated mouth bars occurred in the East. Differential sedimentary environment evolution in eastern and western Carabobo is related to the spatial discrepancy of transgression, which resulted in the rate of change in hydrodynamic intensity, the direction of water flow confluence, and paleo-geomorphology. Highlights • Identification of Spatial discrepancy of Miocene transgression with multi-scaled data analysis. • Recognition different kinds of sedimentary evolution process based on the seismic-log-core integration analysis. • Put out the responding channel transform pattern with rebuilding the hydrodynamic distribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Yeast degraded PN, PS, amino acids, and fluorescent components in EPS. • Yeast transformed macromolecular organics to small molecular ones in EPS. • Addition of 0.75 g/L of yeast enhanced the dewaterability of AS. • Yeast reduced hydrophilic organics or functional groups in EPS. • Yeast enhanced the AS dewaterability and reduced the in-situ biomass in SBR. Candida Tropicalis was used to improve the dewaterability of activated sludge (AS) and reduce its biomass by degrading EPS in AS. The protein, polysaccharide, and hydrophilic amino acids in EPS decreased by 54.50, 29.20, and 61.01%, respectively. Meanwhile, molecular weight distribution indicated that yeast degraded macromolecular organics into small molecular ones. The direct addition of yeast to AS was more conducive to EPS degradation. With the addition of 0.75 g/L of wet yeast cells and 24 h of aeration enhanced the dewaterability of AS. The CST and MLSS decreased by 24.44 and 10.51%, respectively. After 30 days of operation of lab-scale continuous SBRs, the CST and MLSS of AS were reduced by 6.37 ± 2.01 and 3.57 ± 0.52%, respectively. FTIR spectroscopy results showed that some hydrophilic functional groups were reduced. This study provides a new approach for the in-situ reduction of AS in wastewater treatment plant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The accuracy of structured light measurement depends on delicate offline calibration. However, in some practical applications, the system is supposed to be reconfigured so frequently to track the target that an online calibration is required. To this end, this paper proposes a rapid and autonomous self-recalibration method. For the proposed method, first, the rotation matrix and the normalized translation vector are attained from the fundamental matrix; second, the scale factor is acquired based on scale-invariant registration such that the actual translation vector is obtained. Experiments have been conducted to verify the effectiveness of our proposed method and the results indicate a high degree of accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The close correlation between the incidence of shrimp disease and the surrounding microbial community is well established. However, it remains uncertain whether particular bacterial assemblages are indicative of shrimp health status (healthy or diseased). To test this hypothesis, we used 454 pyrosequencing to compare the bacterioplankton composition of ponds with healthy shrimp populations (PHS) with that of ponds with diseased shrimp populations (PDS). The results showed that the bacterial communities in PDS were markedly distinct (P <0.05) from those of PHS but that the diversity was unchanged. This sudden shift in the bacterioplankton communities was accompanied by severe mass mortality of the shrimp. The differentiation of the bacterial communities was primarily shaped by the total phosphate and by the chemical oxygen demand. In particular, we identified 11 indicator orders (in which 6 for healthy status and 5 for diseased status) that differentiated PHS from PDS. In a given pond, especially, the sum of the relative abundance of the disease indicator phylotypes and that of the healthy indicator phylotypes could be used to estimate the health status of the pond. This result suggests that the bacterioplankton composition determines, at least in part, the health status of the shrimp. Overall, this study provides direct evidence that the composition of the bacterioplankton community can serve as a biological indicator to evaluate the occurrence of shrimp diseases. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of sasanquasaponin (SQS) on ICAM-1 expression and capillary permeability induced by burns in rats. Male adult Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats were subjected to burns in the presence or absence of SQS, and then intravenously injected with Evans blue (60.0mg/kg body weight). The levels of soluble ICAM-1 (sICAM-1) in sera were assayed using ELISA and the expression levels of transmembrane ICAM-1 (mICAM-1) in aorta were determined by Western blots and ICAM-1 mRNA levels were measured using semi-quantification RT-PCR. The capillary permeability was determined spectrophotometrically. The results showed that SQS markedly lowered the levels of sICAM-1 in sera, and considerably inhibited the over-expression as well as transcription of mICAM-1 in rat aorta. In addition, SQS dramatically inhibited the enhancement of dermal capillary permeability induced by burns in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that SQS, developed from Chinese traditional herbs, might be effective in decreasing inflammation induced by burns. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The common shrimp disease, acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND), has caused extensive damage to the shrimp farming industry due to its rapid spread and high mortality rates. However, the alterations in gastrointestinal microbiota (GM) ecosystem in subadult shrimps (Litopenaeus vannamei) with AHPND occurrence are still unclear. This study identified AHPND according to clinical symptoms and the existence of the toxin gene pirA VP, analyzed the microbiome dynamics of healthy and diseased subadult shrimps, and built an ecological model for quantitative evaluation of the GM imbalance. The results showed that the GM community diversity in diseased shrimps was significantly lower than that in healthy ones. The structural composition, dysbiosis-related indices, and assembly processes of the GM community were also evidently changed in diseased shrimps. The different operational taxonomic units (OTUs) in GM of diseased shrimps were mainly composed of Vibrio spp. with a relative abundance >90%, the majority of these were neutrally distributed in the neutral model of AHPND occurrence. Of 39 biomarkers for predicting AHPND occurrence, nine belonging to Vibrio were overrepresented in diseased shrimps, whereas biomarkers such as Rhodobacteraceae OTU3427, Candiadatus aysiosphaera OTU1041, KD4-96 OTU4963, and Rhodobacter OTU3366 were enhanced in healthy shrimps. Functional prediction showed that the gene abundances of the NOD receptor signaling pathway (p =.04), Vibrio infection (p <.01), and Vibrio pathogenic cycle function (p <.01) were significantly increased in diseased compared with healthy shrimps. Disturbed GM was closely correlated with infectious diseases and pirA gene. In contrast, stable GM was maintained by multiple bacterial taxa, which may be benefit for shrimp health through regulating immune system and environmental adaptation. These results indicated that GM imbalance caused by AHPND with the characteristics of expanded variation of GM diversity, increased dysbiosis-related indices, higher abundance of potential pathogens, and lager loss of potential beneficial bacteria or ecological functions, might further accelerate the progression of AHPND outbreaks. This study may provide a basis for understanding the etiology of AHPND from a microecological perspective in subadult shrimp. • Quantitatively evaluated the relationship between pirA copies and Vibrio abundance. • Describing the imbalance status of GM with the microbial ecological models. • GM dysbiosis was mainly caused by Vibrio biomarkers when AHPND occurred. • NLR signaling pathway involved in Vibrio was significantly elevated in DG. • Healthy shrimps were maintained by a wider range of bacteria in GM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]