Search

Different screen time activities may be related to sleep, physical activity, and sedentary behavior. The objective was to examine the association between self-reported screen time activities and accelerometer-measured 24-h movement behaviors. This was a cross-sectional study. Adolescents' (n = 718, 50.4% girls, 16 years) sleep duration, sedentary behavior, light-intensity physical activity (LPA), and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) were estimated with wrist-worn accelerometry. Time spent on screen time activities related to studying, working, watching videos, playing video games, and using social media was self-reported. Multilevel linear regressions were used to test the association between screen time with sleep, sedentary behavior, and physical activity. Boys and girls slept 6.4 and 6.7 h per night, spent 10.4 and 10.1 h/d in sedentary behavior, spent 4.0 and 4.4 h/d in LPA, and spent 34.7 and 29.2 min/d in MVPA, respectively. Studying was inversely related to LPA and MVPA. Working was inversely related to sleep and positively related to LPA. Watching videos was associated with lower LPA and MVPA. For boys, videogames were associated with increased sedentary behavior and lower LPA and MVPA. For girls, studying and/or using social media were associated with lower LPA and MVPA. Indicators of screen time were associated with different accelerometer-measured 24-h movement behaviors in this sample of Brazilian adolescents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the study regarding the recent sleep duration and quality estimates of Canadian children and adolescents and determine their proportion in accordance to the current sleep duration guidelines.

Objectives: Research indicates that screen time (e.g. TV viewing) is associated with alcohol consumption in adolescents; however, very little is known about the link between the use of social networking sites (SNSs) and alcohol intake in this age group. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between the use of SNSs and alcohol consumption among Canadian middle and high school students, and to test whether this link varies by sex and drinking frequency or intensity. Study design: School-based cross-sectional study. Methods: Self-reported data on time spent on SNSs, alcohol consumption and sociodemographic characteristics were obtained from 10,072 participants within the 2013 cycle of the Ontario Student Drug Use and Health Survey, a province-wide survey of students in grades 7-12 (11-20 years old). Results: Adolescent females who reported daily use of SNSs (≤2 hours/day or >2 hours/day) were more likely than those who use them infrequently or do not use them at all to report both occasional and regular alcohol consumption in the past 12 months, while adolescent males who reported daily use of SNSs were more likely than those who use SNSs infrequently or do not use them at all to report regular alcohol use in the past 12 months. The use of SNSs was also associated with report of binge drinking (defined as drinking five or more drinks on one occasion) in the past 4 weeks in both males and females. Conclusions: Results provide evidence that the use of SNSs is associated with alcohol consumption among adolescents. Differences between males and females in the reported associations warrant further investigations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To examine energy intake adaptations to a 10-week aerobic exercise program in obese adolescents. Methods Twenty-six 12-17year old obese adolescents were asked to cycle twice a week for an hour in a research laboratory. Body composition, aerobic fitness (submaximal fitness test) and energy intake (3-day food record) were assessed before and immediately after the 10-week intervention Results The average time spent pedaling per session was 55.3±12.1min for a mean energy expenditure of 2196±561kJpersession. The intervention produced significant improvements in percentage of body fat (44.5±10.6% vs. 43.4±9.8%; p<0.05) but no significant weight and fat-free mass change. Peak workload (79.5±20.8W vs. 87.3±17.6W; p<0.05) and peak heart rate (174.6±18.7bpm vs. 166.2±21.0bpm; p<0.01) were improved. The mean total daily energy intake (in kJ/day) showed a tendency to decrease through the intervention (7440±1744 to 6740±2124kJ; p=0.07) but a high inter-individual variability observed in the energy intake response to the intervention may explain the non-significant association between the energy intake response and weight loss. Conclusion A 10-week aerobic exercise program may result in a small decrease in energy intake and an associated decrease in percentage of body fat but no weight loss in obese adolescents. This lack of weight loss could be explained by a decrease in spontaneous energy expenditure outside the intervention sessions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction et but de l’étude Les activités sédentaires sont associées à la progression du surpoids et de l’obésité (Thivel et al. 2013). S’il est évident qu’elles réduisent la dépense énergétique, Chaput et al. ont montré qu’elles favorisent aussi une surconsommation alimentaire (Chaput et al. , 2011). Si le développement de jeux vidéo actifs a été suggéré par certains auteurs comme une nouvelle alternative pour augmenter la dépense énergétique (Mathieu et al. , 2011), aucune étude n’a pour l’heure questionné leur effet sur la prise alimentaire. Ainsi, l’objectif de ce travail a été de questionner les adaptations nutritionnelles d’adolescents minces et obèses suite à un exercice physique et une séance de jeux vidéo actifs générant la même dépense énergétique. Matériel et méthodes 12 adolescents obèses et 12 adolescents minces (12–15 ans, garçons) ont été inclus. Apres évaluation de leur composition corporelle et condition physique, ils ont participé à 4 séances expérimentales : i) journée contrôle (CON) ; ii) journée jeu vidéo passif (PVG) ; iii) journée jeu vidéo actif (AVG) ; iv) journée exercice (EX). Durant l’heure de jeux vidéo actifs, ils étaient équipés d’un K4b 2 pour mesurer leur dépense énergétique. PVG, AVG et EX ont été réalisés entre 10:30 et 11:30. La prise énergétique ad libitum et les préférences alimentaires ont été évaluées 30 min après et les sensations d’appétit renseignées régulièrement au cours de la journée. Ces conditions ont été réalisées dans un ordre semi-randomisé pour obtenir EX systématiquement après AVG pour que l’exercice génère la même dépense d’énergie que l’heure de jeux vidéo actifs. (CPP AU1033, Clinical trial: NCT01912300). Résultats et Analyse statistique La dépense énergétique des adolescents obèses est plus élevée (1565,0 ± 104,1 KJ) que celle des adolescents minces (1113,0 ± 474,4, P < 0.05). La durée de l’exercice a été de 44 ± 5 min chez les adolescents minces contres 47 ± 3 min chez les obèses. Les adolescents obèses ont une prise énergétique plus importante que les minces (P < 0,001) mais non différente entre CON, PVG, AVG, EX. Les adolescents minces ont une prise alimentaire inférieure lors de EX (2847 ± 577 KJ) par rapport à PVG (3580 ± 863 KJ) et AVG (3485 ± 643 KJ) (P < 0,05). Aucune différence n’est observée en terme de macronutriments. La sensation de faim et de désir de manger sont significativement supérieurs et la satiété inférieure chez les obèses (P < 0,001) mais aucun effet condition n’est observé. Conclusion Cette étude est la première à explorer les réponses nutritionnelles à des jeux vidéo chez des adolescents et à comparer ces réponses suite à un exercice et un jeu vidéo actif isoénergétiques.Alors que Chaput et al. soulignaient une prise alimentaire augmentée de 80 kcal après une heure de jeu vidéo passif chez des adolescents minces (Chaput et al. , 2011), nos résultats suggèrent que ces adolescents ne modifient pas leur prise alimentaire après une heure de jeux vidéo passifs ou actifs. Par contre, un exercice de même dépense énergétique que le jeu vidéo actif réduit leur prise alimentaire par rappor [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the study was to examine the association between meeting combinations of the Canadian 24-h movement guidelines and academic performance in adolescents. This cross-sectional study used the 2017 Ontario Student Drug Use and Health Survey, a survey representative of Ontario students in grades 7–12 attending publicly funded schools. A total of 10,160 students were included in the analysis. Moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), screen time, sleep duration, and academic performance were self-reported. A multiple linear regression model was used to examine differences in academic performance between adolescents meeting and those not meeting the combinations of movement guidelines (≥60 min/day of MVPA; ≤2 h/day of screen time; 9–11 h/night of sleep for ages 11–13 years, 8–10 h/night for ages 14–17 years, and 7–9 h/night for ages 18 years or older). Covariates included age, sex, ethnicity, subjective socio-economic status, body mass index z-score, and substance use. We found that 5.1% of students met all three movement guidelines, whereas 39.0% did not meet any. Middle school students who met all three guidelines or either the screen time or sleep guideline displayed better academic performance than those who met none of the guidelines. High school students who met the screen time and sleep guidelines displayed better academic performance than those who did not meet any guidelines. Adhering to screen time and sleep duration recommendations is associated with better academic performance among adolescents. • Of all students, 5.1% met all three movement guidelines, whereas 39.0% did not meet any. • Sleep and screen time are more linked with academic achievement than physical activity. • Some differences were found between middle and high school students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives To examine whether meeting vs not meeting movement/non-movement guidelines (moderate-to-vigorous physical activity [MVPA], screen time, sleep duration), and combinations of these recommendations, are associated with health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in children from 12 countries in five major geographic regions of the world and explore whether the associations vary by study site. Study design Observational, multinational cross-sectional study. Methods This study included 6106 children aged 9-11 years from sites in Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, Finland, India, Kenya, Portugal, South Africa, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Participants completed the KIDSCREEN-10 to provide a global measure of their HRQoL. Sleep duration and MVPA were assessed using 24-h accelerometry. Screen time was assessed through self-report. Meeting the recommendations was defined as =60 min/day for MVPA, =2 h/day for screen time, and between 9 and 11 h/night for sleep duration. Age, sex, highest parental education, unhealthy diet pattern score, and body mass index z-score were included as covariates in statistical models. Results In the full sample, children meeting the screen time recommendation, the screen time + sleep recommendation, and all three recommendations had significantly better HRQoL than children not meeting any of these guidelines. Differences in HRQoL scores between sites were also found within combinations of movement/non-movement behaviors. For example, while children in Australia, Canada, and USA self-reported better HRQoL when meeting all three recommendations, children in Kenya and Portugal reported significantly lower HRQoL when meeting all three recommendations (relative to not meeting any). Conclusions Self-reported HRQoL is generally higher when children meet established movement/non-movement recommendations. However, differences between study sites also suggest that interventions aimed at improving lifestyle behaviors and HRQoL should be locally and culturally adapted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: We examined the associations between perceptions and attitudes about body weight and adherence to the physical activity recommendation (PAR) for adolescents to achieve ≥60 min/day of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and tested whether body mass index (BMI) was a moderator of these relationships. Study design: Cross-sectional survey. Methods: Self-reported data from Canadian adolescents (n = 4299) who participated in the 2013 Ontario Student Drug Use and Health Survey were analysed. Results: Dissatisfaction with body weight was associated with lower odds of adherence to the PAR (odds ratio [OR]: 0.74; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.55-0.99). More specifically, those who perceived themselves as overweight/obese had lower odds of adherence to the PAR (OR: 0.59; 95% CI: 0.42-0.81) compared with those who think they were about the right weight. Those who were trying to gain weight were more likely to adhere to the PAR (OR: 1.92; 95% CI: 1.29-2.86) compared to those who were doing nothing about their body weight. BMI was a significant moderator of the association between dissatisfaction with body weight and adherence to the PAR. At low BMI, there were no differences in the adherence to the PAR between adolescents who were dissatisfied with their body weight or not. At high BMI, adolescents who were dissatisfied with their body weight were less likely to adhere to the PAR than those who were not dissatisfied with their weight. Results were not different between males and females. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]