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The ability of investors to predict return distributions at the end of an investment period based on the annual return distribution and the return distributions of their constituents is studied. Results show that most investors underestimate the growth of investments and fail to consider distributional information when planning their portfolios. Many also incorrectly adjust mean return and probability losses.

Recent progress in establishing a European network to conduct paediatric oncology phase I/II clinical trials calls attention to the challenges facing researchers developing new agents for children with cancer. These challenges include: ensuring that effective infrastructures are in place to safely and efficiently conduct early phase clinical trials in children while meeting all ethical and regulatory requirements associated with such trials; obtaining timely access to new agents from pharmaceutical sponsors for both preclinical testing and for phase I and phase II testing; and effectively prioritizing new agents for evaluation in children so that those agents most likely to benefit children with specific cancers are brought forward for clinical testing. The use of public funds to develop and maintain clinical trials infrastructures devoted to paediatric oncology drug development can help in addressing these challenges and can facilitate the timely paediatric evaluation of new agents, thereby contributing to the goal of identifying more effective treatments for children with cancer. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

To better understand and compare resident family and nursing home staff experiences and perceptions of licensed and unlicensed direct care staff turnover. Descriptive qualitative design. Nursing home resident family members and direct care registered nurses (RNs), licensed practical nurses (LPNs), certified nursing assistants (CNAs), and administrative staff. We conducted semistructured interviews with family members and nursing home staff between September 2019 and July 2020. Using a rapid analysis approach, we compared family member, direct care RNs, LPNs, CNAs, and administrative staff experiences and perceptions related to staff turnover, ways to reduce turnover, and strategies for minimizing disruptions. We completed interviews with 17 family members, 25 direct care RNs, LPNs, and CNAs, and 6 administrative staff from 13 nursing homes primarily located in southeastern Michigan. Family members had mixed experiences with turnover, but commonly described the need for consistent, personalized care to ensure safe, high-quality resident care. Direct care RNs, LPNs, and CNAs expressed a similar viewpoint and frustration with not being able to provide the care they would like because of turnover or short staffing. Although better wages were mentioned, all groups also identified the importance of staff feeling appreciated and supported as critical for decreasing turnover. Adequate training and strategies to acclimate new staff to resident preferences were also noted as approaches for minimizing care disruptions during turnover. Our findings largely confirm those of others regarding potential contributing factors and consequences of staff turnover. However, our findings also provide a clear message about important areas on which to focus. This includes identifying ways to effectively provide consistent, person-centered care for residents in the context of staffing inconsistencies and the need for a more people-oriented work environment for nursing home staff to reduce turnover and minimize disruptions in resident care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]