1. Exploring rabies endemicity in Pakistan: Major constraints & possible solutions.
- Author
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Ahmad, Waqas, Naeem, Muhammad Ahsan, Akram, Qaiser, Ahmad, Sarfraz, and Younus, Muhammad
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RABIES , *DOG bites , *ENDEMIC diseases , *BITES & stings , *INFORMATION scientists , *PUBLIC hospitals - Abstract
• The 1st key review article that describes present concerns of rabies hampering the international vision of 'rabies elimination by 2030' in Pakistan. • Social, economical, political, and geographical conundrums are highlighted. • These barriers are currently posing a range of major issues and contributing to the ever-increasing cases of dog bites and rabies in animals and humans. • Intellectual discussion on possible solutions concludes that the country needs to implement globally acclaimed strategies to control rabies on an immediate basis. • Conclusions and recommendations are communicated to the health authorities and scientific audience. Rabies, the oldest recorded viral zoonosis in the Indo-Pakistan subcontinent, is a neglected and lingering endemic disease in Pakistan. The review of online available rabies-related journals, papers and reports through platforms and electronic databases have provided the basis for a detailed analysis of the rabies situation in Pakistan. Only published materials related to various research areas of rabies in Pakistan were included and meaningful conclusions were developed to identify major constraints and generate an intellectual discussion on possible solutions. Results revealed 52 studies representing major issues concerning rabies prevention related to topics including, but not limited to: epidemiological investigations (40.38%), prophylactic measures (21.15%), population of wandering dogs (13.46%), public awareness and government interventions (17.30%) and diagnostic surveillance (7.69%). In order to minimize these problems and reduce the prevalence of dog bites or rabies in significant manners, the country direly needs to apply the following actions: a maintained supply of rabies prophylactic measures in public hospitals at subsidized rates, mass dog vaccination at regional levels, enforced responsible animal ownerships, implementing a systematic One Health approach, and diagnostic labs equipped with surveillance mechanisms established in coordination with the livestock and medical departments. This review, which presents up-to-date information on the risk factors and epidemiological features of rabies in Pakistan, provides useful information for scientists, policy makers, and administrative health officials wishing to understand how this deadly disease persists in the absence of effective control measures. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
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