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Intermittent Explosive Disorder (IED) is an impulsive aggression disorder with self-control problems. However, the mechanisms underpinning the self-control problems in IED have not been clearly investigated. Therefore, this study examined the nature of self-control problems and their types, including cognitive inhibition, behavioral inhibition, and emotional interference in IED. Participants included three groups: IED (n = 54), psychiatric control (n = 59), and healthy control (n = 62). They were first screened with SCL-90-R, and then they were clinically interviewed. They all did computerized neurocognitive tasks, including Color-Word Stroop Task, Emotional Stroop Task, Go-NoGo Task, and Stop-Signal Task. MANOVA analyses showed that the IED group had poorer performance in cognitive inhibition, response inhibition, and increased emotional interference than the two psychiatric and healthy control groups. They performed much worse than the other two groups, particularly in action cancellation (Stop-Signal Task), and showed increasingly emotional interference. The brain reaction of individuals while doing the tasks was not examined, and some variables were not measured. Also, it is unclear how the emotional eruption interferes with cognitive content and behavioral inhibition. These findings indicate that self-control problems in IED can be due to deficient cognitive, emotional, and behavioral inhibitions, each appearing sequentially during a step-by-step process and facilitating the onset of IED signs and symptoms. Such a distinguished understanding of the role of neurocognitive mechanisms can lead to the development of accurate explanatory approaches and increase the effectiveness of treatment. • Self-control problems and its types were investigated in IED. • There are cognitive, emotional, and behavioral inhibition deficits in IED. • Findings provide important information that can be considered in IED treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined the direct and indirect relationships between pathological narcissism, behavioral activation/ inhibition systems (BAS/BIS), self-control, and substance abuse in a sample of Iranian students. Results showed that there are positive relationships between pathological narcissism and BAS with substance abuse and negative relationships between BIS and self-control with substance abuse. We tested, using structural equation model, whether pathological narcissism, BAS, and BIS predict substance abuse through self-control. Results confirmed the mediating role of self-control in the relations of pathological narcissism and BAS, but not BIS to substance abuse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Research is needed on the effectiveness of internet-based interventions in different cultures. • Internet-based CBT was evaluated in a different culture compared to face-to-face CBT and wait-list control. • Findings showed that Internet-based CBT has several clinical, cultural, and implementation weaknesses. • Both forms of intervention were effective in reducing social anxiety and associated symptoms. During the COVID-19 epidemic, face-to-face mental health services faced obstacles. Using Internet-based interventions was a good solution and had the potential to overcome these treatment barriers. However, there is no strong research evidence about the effectiveness of these methods for social anxiety disorder in different cultures and developing countries. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness and application of Internet-based cognitive-behavioral therapy for social anxiety disorder in Iran. The current study was a pretest-posttest follow-up experimental design. Fifty-four adolescents with social anxiety disorder were selected from Lorestan province (Iran) by cluster sampling method and randomly assigned to three groups: face-to-face, internet-based, and wait-list control. At the beginning and end of the study and 3-month follow-up, three groups were interviewed and answered questionnaires related to the primary and secondary symptoms of social anxiety disorder. Two experimental groups were treated with the same therapeutic intervention during 10 weekly sessions. ANCOVA analysis showed that both forms of intervention effectively reduced social phobia, fear of negative evaluation and social interaction anxiety and increased emotion regulation. Also, a significant decrease in secondary outcomes, including physical symptoms, insomnia, social dysfunction, and depression symptoms, was observed in both groups. The treatment effects were stable during a 3-month follow-up. Our findings showed that although Internet-based cognitive-behavioral therapy for adolescents with social anxiety disorder can be effective, several clinical, cultural, and implementation weaknesses should be considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]