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Leishmaniasis is a zoonotic disease that rarely involves the oral mucosa. A 49-year-old male patient was referred to the stomatology outpatient clinic with an ulcerative lesion in the labial commissure. The patient had no history of bodily injury or comorbidities and was not under medical follow-up. Upon intraoral physical examination, a moriform ulcerated lesion with irregular borders was observed in the skin and mucosa of the upper lip, specifically in the right jugal commissural region. The patient reported painful symptoms, and the lesion had been evolving for 3 months. An incisional biopsy was performed, and the tissue was sent for anatomopathological examination. The anatomopathological examination revealed a lymphoplasmacytic inflammatory infiltrate, multinucleated giant cells, granulomatous formations, and cylindrical structures within macrophages. These cylindrical structures tested positive for periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) and Grocott stains. Based on these findings, the diagnosis of leishmaniasis was confirmed. The patient was subsequently referred for treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, nanoemulsions have gained significant attention for their improved stability and their wide range of potential uses in the food industry. This study aimed to create a novel type of mayonnaise with 23.6% (w/w) of oil using ultrasound-assisted emulsification for 6 min to incorporate lupin protein (3.4%, w/w) in the nanoemulsion stabilized by a combination of citrus fibre (2.5%, w/w) and psyllium (0.3%, w/w) or modified starch (3.0%, w/w). Nanoemulsions were produced using a cold-water bath and characterised by their stability and structural properties and used for the production of the mayonnaise. Results showed that the use of lupin protein led to stable nanoemulsions for 50 days stored at 4 °C. The smallest mean droplet size for lupin protein was 505.5 ± 43.5 nm and a polydispersity value 0.434 ± 0.045. Then, the selected nanomulsion was used to produce mayonnaise at room temperature. Mayonnaise were characterised in terms of its rheological and morphological properties, and through sensorial evaluation. The texture of the plant-based formulations was very close to one commercial mayonnaise, with similar resistance to deformation. The consistency (k) and flow index (n) were similar between samples and indicate that the samples are viscous due to the considerable value of k. A sensory analysis with a panel of consumers showed that the proposed formulations had a similar organoleptic profile compared to the benchmark sample. However, the tests showed that formulation developed with fibres had a slightly lower overall liking score. Ultrasound seems to be an effective strategy for developing plant-based nanoemulsions, foreseeing their use in the production of mayonnaise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To link to full-text access for this article, visit this link: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2007.10.040 Byline: Joana Mascarenhas, Patricia Lourenco, Ricardo Lopes, Ana Azevedo, Paulo Bettencourt Abstract: Patients with heart failure (HF) frequently have comorbidities. Frequency, prognostic, and therapeutic implications of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in HF are largely unknown. We aimed to assess the prevalence and prognostic implications of COPD in a sample of stable patients with HF and to determine the frequency of [beta]-blocker (bB) use and rate of withdrawal according to COPD coexistence. Author Affiliation: Servico de Medicina Interna, Hospital S. Joao, Porto, Portugal Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal Unidade I and D Cardiovascular Porto, Porto, Portugal Article History: Received 9 June 2007; Accepted 25 October 2007

Our aim was to estimate the risk of pneumonia, admission to intensive care unit (ICU) or death in individuals ≥65 years old admitted to hospital with RSV, compared to influenza or COVID-19. We included hospitalised patients from Severe Acute Respiratory Infection Surveillance in Spain between 2021–2024, aged ≥65 years, laboratory confirmed for RSV, influenza or SARS-CoV-2. Using a binomial regression with logarithmic link, we estimated the relative risk (RR) of pneumonia, ICU admission and in-hospital mortality, in patients with RSV compared to influenza or SARS-CoV-2, adjusting for age, sex, season and comorbidities. We stratified the estimates by vaccination status for influenza or SARS-CoV2. Among patients unvaccinated for influenza or SARS-CoV-2, those with RSV had similar or lower risk of pneumonia [vs. influenza: RR= 0.91 (95% Confidence Interval: 0.72–1.16); vs. SARS-CoV-2: 0.81 (0.67–0.98)], ICU admission [vs. influenza: 0.93 (0.41–2.08); vs. SARS-CoV-2: 1.10 (0.61–1.99)] and mortality [vs. influenza: 0.64 (0.32–1.28); vs. SARS-CoV-2: 0.56 (0.30–1.04)]. Among the vaccinated, results were largely similar except for a higher risk of ICU admission with RSV [vs. influenza: 2.13(1.16–3.89); vs. SARS-CoV-2: 1.83 (1.02–3.28)] RSV presented similar or lower intrinsic severity than influenza or SARS-CoV2. Among vaccinated patients, RSV was associated to higher ICU-admission, suggesting the potential for preventive RSV vaccination. • Patients hospitalised with RSV ≥65 years had 28% pneumonia, 4% ICU and 6% lethality. • RSV showed similar or lower intrinsic severity compared to influenza or SARS-CoV-2. • The risk of ICU admission was lower for RSV only among unvaccinated patients. • In patients vaccinated for influenza or SARS-CoV-2 ICU admission was higher for RSV. • Differences by virus for pneumonia or death did not differ by vaccination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The therapeutic use of rose bengal (RB) has been limited by its anionic nature, high water solubility, and short half-life. Herein, RB was converted into a group of uniform materials based on organic salts (GUMBOS) via ion metathesis reactions to replace its sodium counterions with distinct cationic antiseptics (i.e., benzyldimethylhexadecylammonium, BZK; cetylpyridinium, C 16 Py; and chlorhexidine, CHX). The potential use of RB-based GUMBOS as antibacterial agents was investigated against a panel of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, namely Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), and Escherichia coli (E. coli). The micro-broth dilution method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of synthesized GUMBOS as well as their parent compounds and unreacted stoichiometric mixtures. Hemolytic effects were further studied using human red blood cells. When compared to parent compounds and unreacted mixtures, GUMBOS showed equal or improved activity towards the non-resistant strain of S. aureus (i.e., DSM 2569) and E. faecalis. Additionally, [CHX][RB] was found to be active against E. coli with a MIC of 6.4–0.8 nmol mL−1, being 79 and 48 times more potent than RB and the corresponding unreacted mixture. The [CHX][RB] GUMBOS also showed the lowest hemolytic activity among all tested compounds and mixtures (percentage of hemolysis <5%). Overall, these results demonstrated that this ion metathesis strategy can improve the antibacterial activity of RB against Gram-positive bacteria and extend its spectrum of action towards E. coli , which could further contribute to safety improvements in multiple industries. [Display omitted] • Three novel rose bengal-based GUMBOS were synthesized and characterized. • GUMBOS showed improved activity towards S. aureus DSM 2569 and E. faecalis. • [CHX][RB] was found to be active against E. coli , with a MIC of 6.4–0.8 nmol mL−1. • The lowest hemolytic activity was also observed for [CHX][RB] (free Hb < 5%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dentinogenic ghost cell tumor (DGCT) is a rare and locally invasive odontogenic neoplasm. A 36-year-old female patient was referred to an oral diagnosis center due to facial asymmetry and maxillary swelling. Upon intraoral physical examination, an increase in buccal and palatal volume in the right posterior region of the maxilla was observed. Tomographic examination revealed a mixed-density lesion associated with an impacted tooth, which was causing expansion and thinning of the cortices. An incisional biopsy was performed, and the tissue was sent for anatomopathological examination, which confirmed the diagnosis of DGCT. Subsequently, surgical removal of the lesion was carried out, and there has been no recurrence noted after a 6-year follow-up. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Seamounts are submerged marine mountains across the world's oceans at complex geological and hydrodynamic sites, hosting significant biodiversity and economically important species. However, their inaccessibility impairs long-term surveys and subsequent knowledge of their biodiversity and dynamics. Among the available tools to support decision-management of ecosystems with such characteristics (e.g., ecological models; frameworks), we hereby conduct a systematic review of ecological models available for seamounts. Furthermore, we apply an adapted DPSIR framework (DAPSI(W)R(M)) to understand current and emergent pressures, the state of the system, and its impacts. Following this approach, we discuss the suitability and limitations of ecological models to support seamounts management plans under the current state and emergent challenges. Results show that the number of ecological models applied to seamounts has been increasing since 2009, focusing on Phylum Chordata (mostly fishes), and are mostly species distribution and habitat suitability models (40.3% and 23.6%, respectively). While acknowledging the importance of these studies, we have identified that existing models do not entirely suit the emergent challenges of seamounts, especially deep-sea mining and climate change. To cope with this, we propose that future seamount models should account for: i) other Phyla and species relevant for seamount ecology, ii) describe the effects of isolated and combined interactions of stressors over time and space, and iii) present the uncertainty associated with results. Such a framework can be achieved through model ensemble approaches that can fully assess the extent and magnitude of present and future pressures and associated effects. Finally, as most of the seamount distribution is in areas beyond national jurisdiction, and the current legislation of these areas is scarce, it is urgent to formulate regulatory frameworks to support holistic management actions in seamounts and promote ethical and environmentally responsible practices for sustainable use of ecosystem services and maintain a healthy functioning of these ecosystems. [Display omitted] • We reviewed the ecological modelling of seamounts, with a PRISMA systematic review. • A DAPSI(W)R(M) approach summarised current and emergent challenges to seamounts. • Aim was to know if current models can address emergent challenges. • Most models are of species distribution and not fully adapted to growing challenges. • Remoteness of seamounts and data gaps hinder model progress and use in the management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]