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• This is the first population-based study investigating the familial aggregation of atopic dermatitis and co-aggregation of other allergic diseases in individuals with affected relative diagnosed with atopic dermatitis. • The study provides objective quantitative data to find higher relative risks of allergic diseases including asthma and allergic rhinitis in individuals with affected first-degree relatives than in the general population, which are valuable for patient counselling. • Information from large population may help future genetic studies to estimate candidate gene. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is contributed from a result of genetic and environmental interaction. The evidence for familial aggregation in AD has been reported but population-based studies and co-aggregation with other allergic diseases are rarely reported. This study examined familial aggregation and heritability of atopic dermatitis (AD) and to estimate the relative risks (RRs) of other allergic diseases in individuals with relatives diagnosed with AD. We used Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database to identify all registered beneficiaries (n = 26,525,074) in 2015; among them, 1,248,594 individuals had AD. We estimated familial risks of AD and other allergic diseases by using marginal Cox proportional models. Prevalence of AD in individuals with relatives affected with atopic dermatitis was 3.1-fold higher than the general population (12.4 % vs. 4.0 %, respectively). The adjusted relative risks (RR) for individuals with an affected first-degree relative (FDR) was 2.25 (95 % CI, 2.25–2.26). The adjusted RRs for subjects with an affected parent, an affected offspring or an affected sibling was 2.39 (95 % CI, 2.37–2.41), 2.26 (95 % CI, 2.24–2.28) and 2.30 (95 % CI, 2.29–2.31) respectively. The RRs in individuals with an FDR with AD was 1.34 (95 %CI, 1.34 – 1.34) for asthma and 1.23 (95 %CI, 1.23–1.24) for allergic rhinitis. This nationwide study ascertains that a family history of atopic dermatitis is a risk factor for atopic dermatitis. Individuals with relatives affected by atopic dermatitis have slightly higher risks of developing asthma and allergic rhinitis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Backgrounds: Previous studies have found an increased prevalence of atopic diseases among patients with major depression and bipolar disorder. But the temporal association between atopic diseases in adolescence and the subsequent risk of developing mood disorders has been rarely investigated.Methods: Using the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Databases, 5075 adolescents with atopic diseases (atopic cohort) and 44,729 without (non-atopic cohort) aged between 10 and 17 in 2000 were enrolled into our study and followed to the end of 2010. Subjects who developed major depression or bipolar disorder during the follow-up were identified.Results: The atopic cohort had an increased risk of developing major depression (HR: 2.45, 95% CI: 1.93~3.11) and bipolar disorder (HR: 2.51, 95% CI: 1.71~3.67) compared to the non-atopic cohort, with a dose-dependent relationship between having a greater number of atopic comorbidities and a greater likelihood of major depression (1 atopic disease: HR: 1.80, 95% CI: 1.29~2.50; 2 atopic comorbidities: HR: 2.42, 95% CI: 1.93~3.04;≥3 atopic comorbidities: HR: 3.79, 95% CI: 3.05~4.72) and bipolar disorder (HR: 1.40, 95% CI: 0.57~3.44; HR: 2.81, 95% CI: 1.68~4.68; HR: 3.02, 95% CI: 1.69~5.38).Discussion: Having atopic diseases in adolescence increased the risk of developing major depression and bipolar disorder in later life. Further studies may be required to clarify the underlying mechanism between atopy and mood disorders, and to investigate whether prompt intervention may decrease the risk of subsequent mood disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]