Search

Our study aimed to translate the Stuttering Generalization Self-Measure (SGSM) into Persian and investigate its validity, reliability, and internal responsiveness in the Iranian population. This study was conducted on 30 adults who stutter (AWS) and 30 adults who do not stutter (AWNS). The International Quality of Life Assessment protocol (IQOLA) was applied to translate SGSM into Persian. The face and content validity were determined. Also, the discriminant validity was evaluated by comparing the scores of two groups. In addition, the internal consistency test-retest, and inter-judge reliability were assessed with Cronbach's alpha and intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC). Moreover, the mean standardized response (MSR) and the standardized effect size were measured to determine the internal responsiveness using pre- and post-treatment data. All the items were comprehensible and clear. The content validity ratio (CVR) and content validity index (CVI) for all nine questions were obtained higher than.62 and.9, respectively. The internal consistency value was high (Cronbach's alpha =.98). For the test-retest reliability, ICC values were excellent, ranging from.93 to.99. The discriminant validity results revealed a significant difference between AWS and AWNS (p <.001). Pre- and post-treatment results indicated high internal responsiveness to changes for percentage of syllable stuttered (SS%) (MSR = 1.09). The Persian version of SGSM (P-SGSM) benefits from the high values for validity and reliability. Furthermore, it distinguishes the AWS and AWNS and reflects the treatment changes significantly. • Stuttering Generalization Self-Measure tool can detect stuttering therapy effect. • Stuttering Generalization Self-Measure tool is a reliable and validated scale for stuttering. • Stuttering Generalization Self-Measure tool is a unique scale for distinguishing between stuttering adults and the non-stuttering controls. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The Persian Version of Children's Worlds Subjective Well-Being Scale (CW-SWBS) is valid and reliable. • Measuring children's subjective well-being transmits their perspectives, experiences, and arguments. • The Persian speaking children can participate in evaluating their subjective wellbeing using Persian Version of CW-SWBS. • The six-item Persian Version of CW-SWBS can be used for monitoring the subjective well-being of the children periodically. One of the basic priorities of any society is to improve the lives of children to have a better childhood and a good chance of living in the future. There are relatively few studies on children's subjective well-being. Subjective well-being includes various factors such as family, school, friends, positive life experiences, etc. The present study was conducted in Tehran with the aim of cultural compatibility and evaluating the validity and reliability of Children's Worlds Subjective Well-Being Scale (CW-SWBS) in the age group of 7–10 years. To evaluate the psychometric properties of CW-SWBS, the original scale was translated from English to Persian according to the instructions of the World Health Organization. The content validity of translated scale was determined by 8 experts in the field of children and the face validity was determined by 10 children. Then, to determine the construct validity, Confirmatory Factor Analysis was performed with a sample size of 820. The reliability of the scale was assessed using internal consistency with Cronbach's alpha coefficient and the stability of the scale was assessed by test and re-test using the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC). The mean age of the children participating in the study was 8.8 years. Fifty-three percent of them were girls. The translated tool was validated with 9 subscales (family, children's financial status and assets, relationships with friends and other people, neighborhood, school, child's health status, time and leisure management, general feeling about children's lives and rights) and 73 items. The face validity and content validity of the CW-SWBS were confirmed. The results represented that the fit indices including NFI, AFI, RFI I < CFI more than 0.9 and AGFI, PNFI, SRMR, RMSEA are very suitable. Also, the results are reliable with Cronbach's alpha values of the total scale (α = 0.822) and coefficient (0.834). The Persian version of the multi-factor CW-SWBS is acceptable in terms of psychometric properties and can be used to measure children's subjective well-being in research departments, as well as raising the awareness of social workers, psychologists, counselors and health workers to monitor children's subjective well-being. Measuring different dimensions of children's well-being with a participatory method provides a basis for transmitting their views, experiences, and arguments that in addition to empowering children, an effective and useful operational guide in the social development process and achieving an acceptable level of well-being and health in different aspects of children's lives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Test of Infant Motor Performance (TIMP) is an appropriate tool used to measure infant motor performance in many countries and due to the importance of the TIMP in the early diagnosis of infants with developmental delay, the production of a reliable translation of the TIMP in Iran is necessary. This study was designed to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Persian version of the TIMP and cross-cultural adaptation of the TIMP to Persian. Twenty- two experts were involved in translation, cross-cultural adaptation, validity and reliability. 170 Persian premature infants with post menstrual age (PMA) 34–42 weeks were tested to evaluate inter-rater and intra-rater reliability, test-retest and discriminative validity of the Persian version of the TIMP. The content validity and face validity of the items of the Persian version of the TIMP were confirmed by a 10-expert panel and 10 therapists. High intra- and inter-rater reliability (ICC = 0.98, Kappa = 0.93), test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.98) and internal consistency (α = 0.82) were detected for the Persian version of the TIMP. Discriminative validity confirmed that the TIMP could distinguish groups of infants born with a low birth weight (p ˂ 0.001) and infants born small for gestational age (p = 0.002). High validity and reliability are reported for the Persian version of the TIMP and this test was demonstrated to be differentiate among groups of infants who are at risk of motor delay. • High face and content validity were reported for the Persian version of the TIMP. • High intra, inter rater and test-retest reliability were detected for the Persian version of the TIMP. • The Persian TIMP showed discriminative validity, distinguishing preterm infants with low birth weight and small for gestational age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Objectives Speech disorder in children is the most common disorder reported by speech and language pathologists in all languages and its evaluation and diagnosis requires valid and reliable tools. This study aimed to develop a Kurdish Speech Test for children aged 3–5 years and to determine its psychometric properties. Methods The validation included 120 monolingual Kurdish-speaking children aged 3–5 years in the city of Bukan, Iran. Content validity was determined according to expert opinions of Kurdish speech and language pathologists and linguists. Test-retest (one-week interval) and scoring-rescoring by two independent examiners were conducted to determine intra- and inter-rater reliability. The tests ability to discriminate between four age groups (36–60 months) was investigated for construct validity. Differences related to gender were assessed. Results Intra- and inter-rater reliability showed no significant difference between the first and second week of administration (p < 0.001) and scoring-rescoring by two independent raters confirmed the reliability of the Kurdish Speech Test (P < 0.001). Discriminating properties, reflecting construct validity showed higher scores with increasing age. No gender differences were found. Conclusion The Kurdish Speech Test is a reliable and valid instrument for evaluation of articulation in three-to-five-year-old children. Results suggest that the test is appropriate for clinical assessment of children with speech sound disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Passion Scale (PS) is a self-report tool to measure passion which involves 8 items and concentrates on personal interest in a specific area, subject or skill. The present study's goal was to determine the psychometric properties of the PS with regard to the Iranian sample. The research methodology was descriptive and the sample included 684 people (377 women and 307 men) chosen on a non-random available basis and they responded to the scale of the research. The internal consistency and reliability of the research were measured using Cronbach's omega and alpha. The validity of the construct and the convergent validity was determined and verified for this scale using confirmatory factor analysis. The results showed that the PS has proper internal consistency and composite reliability. Meanwhile, the face and content validity of the questionnaire was assessed and confirmed. The validity of the construct and the convergent validity was determined and verified for this scale using confirmatory factor analysis. An analysis of the correlation matrix showed a positive correlation between the PS and the Grit perseverance scale (Grit-s) and its factors (p < 0.01). Meanwhile, the independent T Test was used in order to examine the difference between the scores of the men and women in the PS. The findings showed that the mean of women's score was higher that men's. Overall, this research suggested that the PS has optimal psychometric properties when it comes to the Iranian sample and that the scale could be applied with a great deal of confidence to the Iranian sample. • Passion has for many years been known to be a key component of motivation and success but there have been few systematic empirical and theoretical measures to clarify the meaning of passion and to measure the concept. • The instruments used to measure passion in Iran are mainly limited to two areas of education and occupation. Thus, it is necessary to use another scale to measure passion. • Passion Scale (2020) has been designed to reflect the engagement, commitment, and effort that individuals place on a very important value /priority. • Fewer questions and lack of belonging to a specific field has made this scale a good tool for measuring passion. • The present study's goal was to determine the psychometric properties of the PS with regard to the Iranian sample. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The Persian-translated version of the safety behaviours questionnaire is valid and reliable. • Persian adults who stutter (AWS) frequently use various safety behaviors. • We used a cultural perspective to analyze and interpret the data. • We compared the safety behaviors used by AWS from Anglo and South Asian cultures. Adults who stutter (AWS) are reported to have higher social anxiety compared to those who do not stutter. Previous studies have suggested that safety behaviors, which are cognitive or behavioral strategies used by people with anxiety to prevent negative consequences, are important factors in maintaining anxiety. However, the frequency and types of such behaviors might vary in different cultures. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to develop a transcultural adaptation of Safety Behaviors Questionnaire (Helgadottir et al., 2014) for Persian-speaking AWS and assess its validity and reliability. In the first step, the original English questionnaire was translated into Persian using the International Quality of Life Assessment (IQOLA) method. Then, 17 speech and language pathologists (SLPs) and 5 AWS evaluated all questionnaire items using Likert scales to determine face validity. Finally, 167 Persian-speaking AWS completed the questionnaire to assess its construct validity and reliability. Their responses were analyzed using factor analysis and Cronbach's Alpha. Some items of the original questionnaire were modified or combined with other similar items after assessing the face validity of the Persian-translated questionnaire. Construct validity analysis categorized the remaining 29 questionnaire items into four factors: general avoidance, practice and control, rehearsal, and choosing safe and easy people. The high Cronbach's Alpha of 0.89 for all items confirmed the internal reliability of the Persian-translated questionnaire. The results confirmed the psychometric characteristics of the Persian- translated version of the Safety Behaviors Questionnaire (Helgadottir et al., 2014); therefore, speech pathologists can apply it in future clinical and research settings. Similar to Australian AWS, Persian participants of this study self-reported use of various types of safety behaviors frequently. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]