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At present, a great deal of the scholarly research on Indonesia focuses on the processes of Islamisation. This paper will discuss a phenomenon that seems to point in a different direction, namely the contemporary reconfiguration of dukun /spiritual experts called paranormal. These mystics indicate a peculiar form of pluralism. They are an assemblage of tradition and modernity, locality and translocality, religion and mysticism, spirituality and business, and global esotericism and popular psychology. Most of them belong to the urban middle class, are highly professional, and make extensive use of modern mass media to advertise their supernatural skills. Yet, how do they position themselves in Indonesian and global cultural contexts? This paper identifies the ongoing ambivalence between cosmopolitan ideas and their rupture in polarising, orientalist, and occidentalist imaginaries. Finally, a new understanding of cosmopolitanism is suggested that expands the reference beyond the world of humans by also including a plurality of supernatural powers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Geospatial analysis is useful for mapping the potential of renewables like solar PV. However, recent studies do not address PV's bankable potential for which project financing can be secured. This paper proposes a framework that incorporates project finance into geospatial analyses to obtain the bankable potential of renewables. We demonstrate our framework for Indonesia, and compare the bankable potential with the socio-economic potential mostly used in literature. Using average inputs On average, the technical potential is 12,200 TWh/year and the socio-economic potential is 152.7 TWh/year if capped by 2030 demand (34% coverage). Considering PV's financing risks, PV's bankable potential is 16.0 TWh under current conditions if capped by 2030 demand (3.6% coverage). Both economic potentials are mainly in East Indonesia and absent on Java due to tariffs and land availability. For the bankable potential, the risk perception by banks and investors is another key influence. With a feed-in tariff of 11.5 US¢(2021)/kWh and temporary lift of import restrictions, the bankable potential is 23 TWh if capped by 2030 demand (5.2% coverage) and spreads to Java. For more widespread bankability, additional temporary measures are recommended until the PV's costs have decreased further and trust by financial institutions has increased. • Geospatial analysis with project finance for PV's bankable potential in Indonesia. • Technical PV potential (8,077 TWh/year) meets future demand in all areas but Java. • Up to 26.2 TWh/year bankable under current conditions, mostly in rural areas. • Short-term policies spread potential to rest of country (up to 348.6 TWh/year). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we investigate long-crested wave evolution over a cross-section of non-monotone bathymetry. The bathymetry is from an area with an isolated shallow seamount on the south coast of Java Indonesia near Glagah port. We will investigate waves with a significant wave height (H s) of 2 m and more energetic waves of 4 m over a cross-section through the top of the seamount that is only 2 m under sea level and located 8 km from the coast. The wave simulations over a 12 km long cross-section to the beach are used to determine the numerical and physical aspects of the wave transformation over bathymetry, including breaking properties, the effect of bottom friction, and differences between second and third order simulations. This study used HAWASSI software for irrotational fluid dynamics with a Fourier spectral method implementation. Crossing the top of the seamount leads to a transformation from the wind waves into a downward running flow described by very long infragravity (IG) waves that persist until the nearshore area with the run-up area of the coast. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: This paper analyzes simultaneous self-potential and gas temperature variations recorded at Merapi volcano in spring 2011, the dry season shortly after the volcanic crisis 2001. Temporal variations of fumarole gas temperature show characteristic quasi periodic signals at scales 1–8h and amplitudes up to ten degrees. We propose a simple graphical technique combining a wavelet scalogram and a cross-correlation analysis to demonstrate that the variations of gas temperature are systematically preceded by self-potential variations at the same scales. The influence of meteorological variations on these correlated signals can be ruled out. Rather, we suggest them to be related to the magma degassing in the upper conduits of the volcano. We discuss a semi-qualitative model to explain this correlation and the observed phase shift of about two hours. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Relations between humans and the rain forest in Java Island began during the Lower Pleistocene, but clear evidence for anthropic impact and clearance of the forest does not occur until late in the Holocene, after the rise of the ancient kingdoms on Java at the end of 1st millennium A.D. The history of landscape change in Java over the last 2.5 million years appears highly complex and linked to the repetitive expansion and fragmentation of the rain forest over this time. These processes are now much better understood, thanks to the range of palaeoenvironmental studies undertaken at various altitudes and in locations that show the dynamics of rain forest in response to variations in climatic and regional environmental change. The extent of rain forest throughout the Holocene appears to have been quite sensitive to small perturbations, making it somewhat difficult to discriminate (especially for relatively ancient Holocene forest recessions) between a climatic cause and one of anthropic origin. Clear evidence of intensive human impact on rain forest is observed late, c. 1500 years ago, a pattern that is repeated in other parts of Island Southeast Asia. This paper will focus on the history of the landscape changes in Java during the Quaternary, with special reference to the dynamics of rain forest structure and composition, largely drawn from available pollen analyses. Subsequently, the paleoenvironmental, palaeoanthropological, and archaeological records are considered to investigate the adaptive relationships between human groups and the forest through time. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: This paper investigates the prevalence of observed and unobserved taste heterogeneity influencing shippers’ mode choice behaviour. The study is based on stated preference data collected in Java, Indonesia. The data were analysed using a mixed logit model, capable of accommodating random taste heterogeneity and panel effects associated with stated preference replications. The results indicate the presence of significant levels of taste heterogeneity, only some of which can be accounted for by conventional commodity-type based segmentations. The analysis goes on to apply latent class methods to identify behaviourally homogeneous segments, which also turn out to not depend on commodity types. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: This paper aims to explore farmers’ preferences for sheep or goats based on feeding practices, animal and flock performances and economic benefits of sheep and goats in different agro-ecological zones in Central Java, Indonesia. In total, 150 smallholder farmers were selected from three agro-ecological zones: the lowlands, the middle zone, and the uplands. Feeding and performance parameters were estimated through weekly farm visits and farm records, from September 2001 to August 2003. In the lowlands, small ruminants were fed mainly with field grass and crop residues, whereas in the middle zone and uplands feeds fed were mainly field grass and leaves. Sheep were given more opportunities to graze than goats, however, grazing was not a major component in the diets. In the lowlands and the middle zone the differences in feed intakes, ADG and reproductive performances between sheep and goats were small. In all zones, does had significantly larger litters than ewes. In the uplands, goats had a significantly higher DMI, grew slightly faster, and had a higher weaning rate than sheep. Consequently, in the uplands, the total economic benefits from goat flocks were 25% higher than from sheep flocks. The major differences in agro-ecological conditions that affect the choice for sheep or goats were the availability of cassava peels in the lowlands, favouring a choice for sheep, and the abundance of leaves in the middle zone and uplands, which favours keeping goats. The promotion of goats by the government, the family tradition of keeping sheep or goats, the preference for sacrificing sheep for religious festivities, and the high initial investment needed to buy goat breeding stock could be other important motives to keep sheep or goats. Sheep fattening based on rice bran supplementation could be a feasible innovation in the lowlands. In the middle zone and uplands goat breeding could make a positive contribution to rural livelihoods. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The mud volcano known as LUSI first erupted in May 2006 in East Java, Indonesia. The eruption has continued for over two years, and potentially will continue for many years to come, impacting an ever larger area. An obvious and significant question is how extensive the impacted area will become in the coming years. The answer is important for planning scenarios for the relocation of people and infrastructure and for managing the environment and economy. To make such a prediction, an understanding of the geological processes controlling the mud volcanic evolution is needed. A three-dimensional simulation model was built to predict the area affected by the mudflow over a ten-year period, with a special focus on the period from December 2007 until June 2010. The primary model inputs are the mud debit rate, the rate of subsidence and the topography. The model prediction was validated at the December 2007 time step by comparing the results with satellite images from the same period. The simulation was found to provide a good approximation for the mud overflow and growth. The results indicate that the mudflow tends to spread to the west and particularly to the east and north from the currently inundated area. The model predicts that in June 2010 the peak of the mud volcano will have risen 26 m above the original ground level, and the maximum subsidence will have been −63 m below the original ground level. The dynamic subsurface condition in the area creates geohazard risks, and these are also discussed in this paper. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Following the Yogyakarta earthquake on May 27th, 2006, the subsequent eruption of a mud volcano has been closely observed and analyzed by the geological community. The mud volcano, known as LUSI, began erupting near the Banjarpanji-1 exploration well in Sidoarjo, East Java, Indonesia. LUSI offers a unique opportunity to study the genesis and development of a mud volcano. For the first time, this paper presents all raw and interpreted drilling data, so any interested party can perform their own assessment. Our study suggests that LUSI mud volcano was a naturally occurring mud volcano in an area prone for its mud volcanism. Pressure analysis done on the Banjarpanji well shows that the pressure exerted at the well is lower than the fracture pressure at the last casing shoe, and suggests that the well was intact and did not suffer an underground blowout. This is further supported by evidence and observation made during drilling (such as circulation was done on an open BOP) and subsequent relief wells (Sonan and temperature log runs). This study offers a different alternative to earlier hypothesis that events at the Banjarpanji well were the trigger for the LUSI mud volcano. More work is needed by the scientific community to study the sequence of events in order to explain and clarify the real trigger of LUSI. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Few attempts have been made to model the distribution of the Javan Hawk-Eagle (Spizaetus bartelsi) based on predictions formulated from habitat requirements in West Java or throughout Java Island. This paper proposes a new approach to predicting probability models of Javan Hawk-Eagle (JHE) distribution using the application of logistic regression (LR) and autologistic regression (ALR) coupled with RAMAS GIS, and creating pseudo-absence data using a normalized difference vegetation index from remote sensing data. Habitat requirements of 11 nest-sites in Gunung Gede-Pangrango National Park (TNGP) and its surrounding areas were analyzed and quantified, and the model was validated in southern parts of West Java. The final LR model was used as the starting point for fitting ALR models that account for spatial autocorrelation through the addition of an autocovariate variable using several different neighborhood sizes ranging from 450m (15×15 moving window size, or equal to 20.25ha) to 1500m (50×50 moving window size, or equal to 225ha) using 300m interval. The best model was the ALR model with a 1500m autocovariate that agreed with the distance between nests in TNGP and the mean home range size in Java. This model showed a significant increase in overall accuracy and successfully removed misclassified pixels. Based on our results, we recommend five strategies for the management and conservation of JHE habitat, including integrated conservation management and increased regulation of wildlife reserves. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]