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The inspection, analysis, and modification of robot programs in series production processes is a challenging recurring task in the automotive industry. Especially the holistic analysis of detected defects and the subsequent derivation and application of corrective measures to the underlying robot program is a complex task requiring extensive knowledge in multiple fields. Existing scientific literature has demonstrated that the utilisation of Augmented Reality (AR) assisted robot programming systems (ARRPS) improves programming efficiency as well as intuitiveness when compared to traditional programming methods. However, the accuracy especially of mobile AR devices limits the applicability of AR in industrial applications. We propose to leverage the iterative nature of the optimisation process common in series production and utilise the visual capabilities of the human worker to define corrective measures based on the inspected real process result. This mitigates the impact of limited tracking accuracy as the optimisation is based on the visual perception of the user and thus decoupled from the accuracy of the employed AR device. We implemented our system based on the requirements of a sealing workstation of the Mercedes-Benz Group in Germany. A conducted experiment validates the functionality and indicates that the presented strategy of iterative AR assisted robot programming enables optimisations with a similar accuracy as the Teach-In programming as well as a significantly reduced programming time. This suggests that utilising an ARRPS can be highly beneficial in the inspection, analysis, and modification of sealing applications common in automotive series production processes. As the presented iterative AR assisted robot programming is neither limited to sealing nor to the automotive sector it can be adapted for various robot-automated applications like path-welding, gluing, or painting and can extend its utility to related sectors such as aviation or the marine industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The world is accelerating the digitisation of many branches of the economy. In production, it is often called Industry 4.0 - the term invented by Prof. Wahlster in Germany. One branch of ' Production Digitisation' is Augmented Reality (AR)- a technology that gives a very convenient and natural human-machine interface. Users are presented with the information requested, right in front of their eyes, and can communicate with the system through simple gestures and speech. The key advantage of AR is having one's handsfree so that the user can perform his/her regular tasks, unhindered. In the first part of this paper, the concept of using AR glasses, in the quality control process, is presented. The present authors describe a proprietary support system. A specific example is then given in a real production environment on a real production process, comparing the old way with the new AR way of conducting test procedures. An evaluation of its usability is characterised using important factors that can affect the final outcome or features of the product and the manner in which it is applied in real life. In concluding, the authors focus on its advantages, the disadvantages, the technological imperfections, and the limitations and go on to deliberate on the conclusions and further research topics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intraaxial tumors of the central lobe are challenging lesions to deal with because of the high eloquence of this anatomic area. 1,2 Diffusion tensor imaging magnetic resonance imaging and fluorescein (F) have proven to be useful in the planning and execution, respectively of glioma surgery. 3-9 Nevertheless, the advantages of intraoperative use of augmented reality (AR) with diffusion tensor imaging−based high-definition fiber tractography (HDFT) are still underestimated. In the AR HDFT-F technique reported by our group, the integration of AR into the microscope comes through the BrainLAB Curve navigation platform (BrainLAB AG, Munich Germany), Smartbrush software (BrainLAB AG), KINEVO 900 surgical microscope (Carl Zeiss, Oberkochen, Germany), and YELLOW 560 filter (Carl Zeiss). 9 The microscope establishes a wired autodetection of the navigation platform, and the eyepiece functions as a "see-through display" of the AR images, which are overlapped onto the surgical field. Video 1 shows the technical key aspects of the intraoperative use of the AR HDFT-F technique in the maximal safe anatomic resection of a postcentral gyrus high-grade glioma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bayard-Alpert (BA) type hot cathode ionisation gauge is widely used to measure neutral pressure precisely in vacuum system below 10−3 Torr pressure. Neutral pressure measurement in magnetic confinement fusion experiments is quite challenging for standard BA type gauge due to higher pressure limitation and its ionisation is affected by strong magnetic and electrical fields. To overcome the above limitations, a special hot cathode ionisation gauge, named ASDEX Pressure Gauge (APG) system was developed by G. Haas at the Max-Planck-Institute, Germany. The APG system can work in high magnetic field up to 6 T and high temperature plasma environment with broad pressure measurement range from 10−1 to 10−6 mbar with fast response (<10 msec) and good noise immunity. In the present work, we report the design and development of control and data acquisition of ASDEX Pressure Gauge (APG) for ADITYA Tokamak to measure real time neutral pressure during the high temperature plasma. The developed system can achieve synchronous control of gauge controller using General Purpose Interface Bus (GPIB) and data acquisition of ion emission current of gauge head using Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) based data acquisition module. Initially, the APG calibration with standard BA type hot cathode ionization gauge had been carried out using the test set-up of low magnetic field and ultrahigh vacuum system with gases like H 2 , Ar, He. For APG calibration for various pressure ranges of these gases, precise gas feed control system has been developed using controller based hardware and LabVIEW based software. After testing and calibration, the APG was installed on ADITYA tokamak and calibrated under high magnetic field of ADITYA. The developed APG control system is configurable for presenting the gauge parameters before the plasma discharge. During plasma discharge, the analog signal equivalent to neutral pressure is acquired in real-time using simultaneous sampling analog to digital converter (ADC) module. The acquired raw data and processed real time pressure can provide valuable neutral pressure/density information of Tokamak plasma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]