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Background: Several studies have reported that dietary and serum concentrations of vitamin D and cholesterol are correlated with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, little is known about whether 25 hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], lipids, and oxysterols are related to cognitive function.Objective: This study sought to explore the relations between 25(OH)D, lipids, oxysterols, and cognitive function.Methods: In this study, about 209 MCI patients and 209 age- and gender-matched healthy controls were recruited from the Shanxi province of China (49.5% male; median [IQR] age: 63 [59-66] y). Serum concentrations of 25(OH)D, lipids, and oxysterols were measured using ultra-performance LC-MS. Cognitive performance was determined via comprehensive mental, verbal, and auditory cognitive tests. Dietary information was collected using a semiquantitative FFQ and 3 consecutive days of 24-h dietary recalls. Logistic regression analyses, Spearman's correlation, and partial correlation analyses were used to explore correlation between the variables.Results: Participants with vitamin D deficiency [serum 25(OH)D <20.0 ng/mL] were 3 times more likely to develop MCI compared to those with adequate vitamin D (≥30 ng/mL) concentrations. The AUC of 25(OH)D was 0.72 and the cut-off was 16.5 ng/mL (sensitivity:  50.3%,  specificity: 84.4%). Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were negatively correlated with total cholesterol (TC) (r = -0.19, P = 0.02), LDL-cholesterol (r = -0.17, P = 0.04), and 24S,25-epoxycholesterol (24S,25-epoxy-CHO) (r = -0.21, P = 0.01). Conversely, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) (r = 0.185, P < 0.001) and symbol digit modalities test (SDMT) (r = 0.11, P = 0.03) scores were positively correlated with serum 25(OH)D concentrations.Conclusion: The study identified significant differences in serum 25(OH)D concentrations between MCI patients and cognitive healthy controls, and there was a correlation between serum concentrations of 25(OH)D, lipids, and oxysterols and cognitive impairment among people. This study was registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry as ChiCTR1900025452. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Suicide is a major public health concern, especially in prisoners. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of current suicidal ideation in a sample of Chinese female prisoners and examine the mediating role of negative emotions and social support in the link between childhood trauma and suicidal ideation. A cross-sectional study was conducted in five main jails of the district of Zhejiang province in China and a total of 626 female prisoners were surveyed by using cluster sampling. Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Beck Hopelessness Scale and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support were applied. The estimated prevalence of current suicide ideation among Chinese female prisoners was 33.4%. Structural equation modeling analyses revealed that social support and negative emotions acted as chain mediators between childhood trauma and current suicidal ideation. Results emphasize the importance of stress-diathesis theory of suicidality in understanding the possible mechanisms underlying the relationship between childhood trauma and suicidal ideation among female prisoners. • Suicide ideation is much common among Chinese female prisoners. • Childhood trauma is positively associated to suicidal ideation. • This association is mediated by negative emotions and social support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]