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Aim: To explore the optimal vascular diameter and blood flow measured by ultrasound to predict fistula maturity in Chinese patients.Materials and Methods: One hundred and thirty-two patients were enrolled in the study. The blood flow and the diameters of the brachial artery, radial artery, and cephalic vein were analysed according to clinical outcomes. The performances of blood flow, cephalic vein diameter, and the two factors combined in predicting fistula maturity were evaluated and the optimal cut-off values for Chinese patients were determined.Results: During a 6 month follow-up, 113 fistulas were classified as mature and 19 fistulas were classified as failure. In both groups, the diameters of the brachial and radial arteries increased gradually within 2 weeks post-surgery (p<0.05), and cephalic vein diameter and blood flow increased within 4 weeks post-surgery (p<0.05). The blood flow of the failure group was significantly lower than that of the mature group from the first day after creation. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was 0.95 (529 ml/min, the optimal cut-off value) for blood flow, 0.83 (5.2 mm) for cephalic vein diameter, and 0.96 for the two factors combined in predicting fistula maturity.Conclusions: For Chinese patients, blood flow >529 ml/min could be used to predict fistula maturity and cephalic vein diameter >5.2 mm could be a supplement when necessary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Analyzes the changes of nailfold microcirculation in patients with diabetic retinopathy in China. Examination on the velocity of blood flow; Influence of microcirculation changes in the development of capillary pathological changes; Detection of blood cell aggregation.

The mandarin fish, Siniperca chuatsi , is a kind of ferocious carnivorous fish, which has highly economic value with the characteristic of rapid growth and delicious flesh. Large scale industrial breeding of mandarin fish has been realized widely in China. The triploid in mandarin fish S. chuatsi had been induced by hydrostatic pressure shock. The most effective condition of triploidy induction was initiation of pressure treatment 6 min after fertilization, duration of treatment 2 min and magnitude of pressure 450 kg/cm2 in which could result in 72% triploid fish. There were no significant differences of the survival of triploid rates among the three treatment groups, which include holding for 4 min, 6 min, and 8 min after fertilization. The efficiency of triploidization was confirmed by counting the number of chromosomes and was affirmed by DNA content determination using flow cytometry with blood cells of one-month old fingerlings. The chromosome count of induced triploids was 3n = 72 while diploid fish had 2n = 48. The flow cytometry shows that DNA content in experimental group was 1.5 times as the control group. In conclusion, this paper presents optimal conditions for triploidy induction in mandarin fish with hydrostatic pressure shock, which will contribute to promote the progress of breeding industry and enhance the production of mandarin fish in culture. • This is the first report which is about the induction of triploidy by hydrostatic pressure shock in mandarin fish. • Triploidy induction was initiation of pressure treatment 6 min after fertilization, duration of treatment 2 min and 450kg/cm2 • The chromosome counting of mandarin fish reveals that 2n = 48 and 3n = 72. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]