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Abstract: As a member of the interleukin (IL)-1 family, IL-1β is a prototypical proinflammatory cytokine, which plays a crucial role in immune responses. Herein, we reported the full length cDNA of IL-1β in half-smooth tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis). The csIL-1β cDNA contained a 130bp 5′ UTR, a 417bp 3′ UTR and a 741bp coding sequence (CDS) that translated into a polypeptide of 246 amino acids. The protein sequence included a typical IL-1 family signature and lacked an interleukin-converting enzyme (ICE) cut site. RT-PCR analysis indicated a broad expression of csIL-1β, especially in immune-related organs. After injection with inactive Vibrio anguillarum, the expression of csIL-1β was induced in the head kidney and spleen and reached the highest level at 8h post injection. Higher expression of csIL-1β was observed at gastrula stage, eye-bud stage and hatching stage and lower level of csIL-1β mRNA was detected at metamorphic stage. The expression of csIL-1β during development suggested IL-1β might be involved not only in immunity but also development. Taken together, the present study indicated that csIL-1β played an important role in immune responses and development like its mammalian counterparts, although species-specific features were present. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Chemotherapy induced intestinal mucositis is still an unmet medical problem. 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu), a chemotherapy drug, was used to create the animal model of mucositis. Global gene expression array was applied to identify genetic signals involved in the pathogenesis of mucositis. Interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) was one of the candidates with the characteristic gene expression profile. Its temporal expression pattern correlated to the damage and regeneration phase of the small intestine after a single injection of 5-Fu to mice. Administration of recombinant IL-1Ra to the mouse model of intestinal mucositis induced by 5-Fu demonstrated its therapeutic effects to the symptoms and pathology of the disease. The IL-1Ra treatment reduced the acute lethality, accelerated their body weight recovery, and eliminated severe diarrhea. The symptomatic benefits were supported by the pathological benefits, in which the mice treated with IL-1Ra has less damage and faster recovery of the structure integrity of their small intestine than that of the mice treated with vehicle control. To deliver the therapeutics to the unmet medical condition, further mechanism and translational studies of IL-1Ra in the settings of chemotherapy induced intestinal mucositis are warranted. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis is still an unmet medical problem. 5-Fluorouracil (5-Fu), a chemotherapy drug, was used to create the animal model of mucositis. Global gene expression array was applied to identify genetic signals involved in the pathogenesis of mucositis. Interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) was one of the candidates with the characteristic gene expression profile. Its temporal expression pattern correlated to the damage and regeneration phase of the small intestine after a single injection of 5-Fu to mice. Administration of recombinant IL-1Ra to the mouse model of intestinal mucositis induced by 5-Fu demonstrated its therapeutic effects to the symptoms and pathology of the disease. The IL-1Ra treatment reduced the acute lethality, accelerated their body weight recovery, and eliminated severe diarrhea. The symptomatic benefits were supported by the pathological benefits, in which the mice treated with IL-1Ra had less damage and faster recovery of the structure integrity of their small intestine than that of the mice treated with vehicle control. To deliver the therapeutics to the unmet medical condition, further mechanism and translational studies of IL-1Ra in the settings of chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis are warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]