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This paper sets out the results of mathematical modeling and numerical simulations of the off-design (part-load) operation of the solid oxide fuel cell hybrid system (SOFC-HS). The governing equations of SOFC-HS modeling are given. An adequate simulator of the SOFC stack was made and described. The performance of the SOFC-HS with part-and over-load operation is shown, and adequate maps are given and described. The ranges of possible system operation conditions are determined. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Based on mathematical modelling and numerical simulations, the control strategy for a molten carbonate fuel cell hybrid system (MCFC-HS) is presented. Adequate maps of performances with three independent parameters are shown. The independent parameters are as follows: stack current, fuel mass flow and compressor outlet pressure. Those parameters can be controlled by external load, fuel valve and turbine–compressor shaft speed, respectively. The control system is purposed to meet many constraints: e.g. stack temperature, steam-to-carbon ratio, compressor surge limitation, etc. The aim is to achieve maximum efficiency of power generated within those constraints. Governing equations of MCFC-HS modelling are given. An adequate simulator for the MCFC module was produced and described. Based on this simulator, the control strategy was obtained. The performance of this MCFC-HS is shown in various working environments. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]