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• Chlorine-rich RDF can cause corrosion of metal surfaces. • Ash deposition rate increases with addition of RDF to coal. • Biodegradable- and non-biodegradable-rich RDF separation has a beneficial on ash deposition. • Biodegradable-rich RDF potentially as co-firing fuel. • Blend of 5 wt% non-biodegradable-rich RDF with coal has medium to high risk. The potential impact of ash deposition during the combustion of separated biodegradable- and non-biodegradable-rich waste of refuse-derived fuel (RDF) was evaluated in this study. Theoretical prediction, drop tube furnace experimental combustion, and ash observation were performed to comprehensively investigate their ash deposit behaviour. The results show that high CaO and Cl in RDFs result in severe sintering and rust in the metal surface. The high ash deposit weight and aggregated sticky particles are observed during single-firing RDFs. Furthermore, adding 5 wt% of biodegradable-rich RDF or mixed RDF to coal has a less significant effect on ash deposition. However, several aggregate particles and metal degradation are observed during the combustion of mixed coal with the addition of 5 wt% non-biodegradable-rich RDF. The high Cl in non-biodegradable-rich RDF affects the ash deposition behaviour significantly. This research provides valuable insights into optimising coal-RDF co-combustion, especially with separating biodegradable- and non-biodegradable-rich RDFs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The effect of ash deposits on corrosion resistance in high Cr material must be investigated. • The corrosion investigation is carried out on a laboratory scale and depends on observations of ash effects with material degradation. • The majority molten phase of alkali and chlorine has degraded the oxide layer. A high chromium concentration in the boiler material is believed to increase corrosion resistance, especially at high temperatures. It is related to the formation of a protective layer on the surface of the metal, called a chromium oxide (Cr 2 O 3) layer. However, the impact of alkali and chlorine from co-combustion coal with biomass in power plants can harm this protective layer, reducing its effectiveness and potentially leading to increased corrosion. Therefore, it is important to evaluate the impact of these factors on the corrosion resistance of high-chromium materials. This research investigates coal co-combustion with empty fruit bunch (EFB) and plastic waste on the corrosion resistance of austenitic stainless-steel material on a laboratory scale using drop tube furnaces. The investigation steps included probe observation, SEM-EDS on ash and probe material, and XRD. The analysis indicates that the ash from the coal sample did not affect the probe, unlike the coal with EFB or EPL (mixture of EFB and plastic crackles), which caused up to 14% oxide layer degradation. The existence of alkali chloride, sulfate, and silicate in the ash that is still adhered to the surface of the probe can reduce the corrosion resistance of the metal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]