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[Display omitted] • Chlorella sp. ABC-001 showed the best growth and lipid yield with flue gas 10% CO 2. • Chlorella sp. ABC-001 was unaffected by NO but SO 2 severely inhibited cell growth. • Galdieria sulphuraria was adopted to remove SO 2 and enhance CO 2 and NO removal. • SO 2 removal is attributed to ionic interactions as well as assimilation by cells. • The dual-strain system showed stable growth under simulated flue gas supply. This study aims to propose a biological system that allows for direct utilization of flue gas for carbon dioxide capture and utilization by microalgae. The strain Chlorella sp. ABC-001 is employed for its high growth rate as well as lipid and carbohydrate content. Toxicity tests showed that cell growth was unaffected by NO, but the presence of SO 2 showed critical damage on cell growth. Hence, an extremophile alga, Galdieria sulphuraria 5587.1 was applied to build a dual-strain cultivation system to mitigate the effect of SO 2 toxicity and increase CO 2 capture efficiency. All SO 2 was removed by Galdieria culture and the system exhibited stable growth from a simulated flue gas stream containing CO 2 , NO and SO 2. Combined CO 2 biofixation rate of 793 mg/L/d and lipid productivity of 113 mg/L/d was achieved. The results showed that this new cultivation system is a promising alternative for reducing CO 2 emissions from power plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]