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• Assessed emissions reduction during the past years. • Significant performance changes in China's emissions reduction. • Four major recommendations are raised. With the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization, emissions reduction is becoming an urgent mission for China. This work aims to review and analysis the effectiveness of emissions reduction in China based on the pollution discharge fee (PDF) and Five-year plan (FYP). The results show that, the emissions performance appeared significantly temporal performance changes under the current framework. Due to FYP and environment tax (ET) in parallel is an inevitable choice for environment and emission management, the connection and match among the existing emissions reduction policies are suggested to be enhanced. Four significant recommendations are raised: establishing dynamic economic regulation on emissions feedbacks, improving synchronization matching on information and data, increasing the audit on the technical applications and integrating more supporting policy with ET. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]