1. Mucoromycotina 'fine root endophytes': a new molecular model for plant–fungal mutualisms?
- Author
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Prout, James N., Williams, Alex, Wanke, Alan, Schornack, Sebastian, Ton, Jurriaan, and Field, Katie J.
- Subjects
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PLANT-fungus relationships , *ENDOPHYTES , *VESICULAR-arbuscular mycorrhizas , *HOST plants , *NUTRIENT uptake , *MUTUALISM , *PLANT nutrients , *MYCORRHIZAS - Abstract
Mucoromycotina fine root endophytes have similar ecological functions as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in assisting plant nutrient uptake. The mechanisms enabling their symbiosis with plants remain largely unexplored. The mechanisms of Mucoromycotina fine root endophyte symbioses may overlap with those regulating arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal symbioses or the plant endophytes Colletotrichum tofieldiae and Serendipita indica. Contrasting colonisation mechanisms between Mucoromycotina fine root endophytes and arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi could provide insights into how ancient fungi facilitated the terrestrialisation of land plants. Investigations into mechanisms of symbiosis will benefit from inclusion of Mucoromycotina fine root endophytes as these fungi are more culturable than arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi under laboratory conditions and can be grown in the absence of a plant host. The most studied plant–fungal symbioses to date are the interactions between plants and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi of the Glomeromycotina clade. Advancements in phylogenetics and microbial community profiling have distinguished a group of symbiosis-forming fungi that resemble AM fungi as belonging instead to the Mucoromycotina. These enigmatic fungi are now known as Mucoromycotina 'fine root endophytes' and could provide a means to understand the origins of plant–fungal symbioses. Most of our knowledge of the mechanisms of fungal symbiosis comes from investigations using AM fungi. Here, we argue that inclusion of Mucoromycotina fine root endophytes in future studies will expand our understanding of the mechanisms, evolution, and ecology of plant–fungal symbioses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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