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Introduction and Significance: Hepatopulmonary fusion is a rare congenital malformation associated with right-sided diaphragmatic hernia. Often diagnosed during surgery, it carries a high mortality rate., Case Presentation: We present a case of a full-term infant who exhibited shortness of breath from birth. Radiological examinations confirmed a right congenital diaphragmatic hernia, and subsequent surgery revealed hepatopulmonary fusion., Clinical Discussion: While hepatopulmonary fusion is uncommon, it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of right-sided congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). Preoperative evaluation for vascular malformations and meticulous surgical planning are essential., Conclusion: Managing hepatopulmonary fusion poses significant challenges for surgeons. Its association with pulmonary malformations increases surgical complexity, risk, and adversely impacts prognosis, as exemplified in our case., Competing Interests: Conflict of interest statement The authors declare that they have no competing interests., (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)

Introduction and Significance: Mesenteric cysts are rare, non-cancerous tumors found mainly in children. The symptoms can vary depending on the size and location of the cyst. While the exact cause is unknown, complete surgical removal is the main and most effective treatment for mesenteric cysts., Case Presentation: Three cases involving young boys were presented. They primarily complained of abdominal swelling without pain. Radiological tests revealed mesenteric cysts near the jejunum and transverse colon, and another near the sigmoid colon, which were both successfully removed., Clinical Discussion: Despite being uncommon, mesenteric cysts should be considered when diagnosing abdominal masses in children., Conclusion: Surgical intervention is crucial for patients with mesenteric cysts. Complete surgical removal leads to a positive prognosis, even for large or complex cases. This stresses the importance of considering. Environmental factors are potential causes for the formation and development of these tumors., Competing Interests: Conflict of interest statement The authors declare that they have no competing interests., (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)

Introduction and Significance: Ewing sarcoma is a rare and malignant bone tumor that can primarily affect the cervical spine. Symptoms may not always be present, but muscle weakness is a critical indicator of disease progression and necessitates urgent surgical intervention to relieve pressure on the spinal cord., Case Presentation: We present a case of a child who experienced sudden muscle weakness in the left upper limb. An MRI of the spine revealed a tumor in the cervical spine compressing the spinal cord. Urgent surgical intervention was performed, successfully removing most of the tumor. This was followed by complementary chemotherapy., Clinical Discussion: Tumors located in the cervical spine are challenging to treat due to their location. Urgent surgery may be crucial when muscle weakness is present. This case demonstrates a novel surgical approach through the spinous processes of the vertebrae, avoiding laminectomy and the need for spinal fixation, which can be difficult in children., Conclusion: Our case highlights a rare presentation of Ewing sarcoma in the cervical spine, infrequently reported in medical literature. It also demonstrates the success of a novel surgical approach that avoids spinal fixation in children., Competing Interests: Conflict of interest statement The authors declare that they have no competing interests., (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)

Introduction and Significance: Emphysema is an uncommon but important condition that often appears in the neonatal period. Diagnosis is based on CT, which identifies the affected lung lobe, which is treated with complete surgical resection., Case Presentation: We present a case of a child who had been suffering for about a year from recurrent respiratory infections without arriving at a clear and correct diagnosis. He was evaluated by us and diagnosed correctly despite the difficulty of distinguishing it from pneumothorax. The final treatment was surgical removal., Clinical Discussion: Emphysema is considered one of the important conditions that should be considered as a differential diagnosis if there is clear hyperinflated in the pulmonary lobe. The evaluation is mainly done through CT to reach the correct diagnosis and treatment., Conclusion: Congenital lobar emphysema is a rare condition that primarily affects children. The majority of children with CLE experience symptoms and necessitate surgery., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no competing interests., (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)

Introduction and Significance: Pharyngocutaneous fistula (PCF) is a serious complication following total laryngectomy, significantly impacting patients' quality of life and treatment costs. Management is complex, with potential for recurrence after surgical intervention., Case Presentation: We present a case of PCF that developed following laryngectomy. Initial conservative treatment failed to resolve the fistula. A pectoralis major myofascial flap was then attempted, but the fistula recurred. Finally, autologous fat grafting was performed with excellent results., Clinical Discussion: Conservative management should be the first-line approach for PCF, as most cases respond favorably. However, if the fistula persists, alternative methods should be explored to achieve optimal outcomes. Our case highlights the importance of not persisting with a failed approach. Autologous fat grafting offers a promising alternative with demonstrably positive outcomes., Conclusion: Pharyngocutaneous fistula presents a significant challenge in post-laryngectomy care. Surgical repair can be complex with potential complications. Our case demonstrates the effectiveness of autologous fat grafting as a successful treatment modality., Competing Interests: Conflict of interest statement The authors declare that they have no competing interests., (Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)