1. Quality standards for the management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): consensus recommendations from the British Association for the Study of the Liver and British Society of Gastroenterology NAFLD Special Interest Group.
- Author
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McPherson S, Armstrong MJ, Cobbold JF, Corless L, Anstee QM, Aspinall RJ, Barclay ST, Brennan PN, Cacciottolo TM, Goldin RD, Hallsworth K, Hebditch V, Jack K, Jarvis H, Johnson J, Li W, Mansour D, McCallum M, Mukhopadhya A, Parker R, Ross V, Rowe IA, Srivastava A, Thiagarajan P, Thompson AI, Tomlinson J, Tsochatzis EA, Yeoman A, and Alazawi W
- Subjects
- Consensus, Delphi Technique, Humans, Societies, Medical, United Kingdom, Disease Management, Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease diagnosis, Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease therapy, Quality Indicators, Health Care standards
- Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is common, affecting approximately 25% of the general population. The evidence base for the investigation and management of NAFLD is large and growing, but there is currently little practical guidance to support development of services and delivery of care. To address this, we produced a series of evidence-based quality standard recommendations for the management of NAFLD, with the aim of improving patient care. A multidisciplinary group of experts from the British Association for the Study of the Liver and British Society of Gastroenterology NAFLD Special Interest Group produced the recommendations, which cover: management of people with, or at risk of, NAFLD before the gastroenterology or liver clinic; assessment and investigations in secondary care; and management in secondary care. The quality of evidence for each recommendation was evaluated by the Grading of Recommendation Assessment, Development and Evaluation tool. An anonymous modified Delphi voting process was conducted individually by each member of the group to assess the level of agreement with each statement. Statements were included when agreement was 80% or greater. From the final list of statements, a smaller number of auditable key performance indicators were selected to allow services to benchmark their practice. It is hoped that services will review their practice against our recommendations and key performance indicators and institute service development where needed to improve the care of patients with NAFLD., Competing Interests: Declaration of interests SM personal fees outside the submitted work from Gilead, Intercept, and Novo Nordisk. MJA has received fees for consultancy, advisory boards, and speaking from Novo Nordisk and Norgine. JFC has received fees for consultancy, advisory boards, and speaking from Intercept, Novo Nordisk, canNASH, and AstraZeneca. EAT has received fees for advisory boards and speaking from Falk Pharma, Intercept, Gilead, and Pfizer. AS has received fees for consultancy and speaking from Siemens. STB has received payment for advisory boards and speaking from AbbVie, Gilead, and Intercept. RJA has received honoraria for speaking and advisory board membership from Falk Pharma, Gilead, Intercept, Novartis, and Norgine. DM has received fees for consultancy from Intercept. PNB has received speaking and educational fees from Takeda. RP has received speaking fees and advisory board fees from Siemens, Norgine, Novo Nordisk, and Shionogi. AY has taken part in advisory boards and consultancy for Intercept and Novo Nordisk. HJ has received speaker fees from Intercept. WA has received fees for consultancy and lecturing from AstraZeneca, Janssen, Novo Nordisk, Gilead Science, Intercept, and Coherus and has received competitive grant funding from GSK and Gilead Science. LC has received personal fees outside the submitted work from Norgine, Intercept, and Novo Nordisk. JT has received personal fees outside the submitted work from Novartis and Poxel. QMA is coordinator of the IMI2 LITMUS consortium, which is funded by the EU Horizon 2020 programme and EFPIA. He reports research grant funding from Allergan/Tobira, AstraZeneca, GlaxoSmithKline, Glympse Bio, Novartis Pharma AG, Pfizer Ltd, and Vertex, consultancy on behalf of Newcastle University for 89Bio, Allergan/Tobira, Altimmune, AstraZeneca, Axcella, Blade, BMS, BNN Cardio, Cirius, CymaBay, EcoR1, E3Bio, Eli Lilly & Company, Galmed, Genentech, Genfit, Gilead, Grunthal, HistoIndex, Indalo, Intercept, Inventiva, IQVIA, Janssen, Madrigal, MedImmune, Medpace, Metacrine, NGMBio, North Sea Therapeutics, Novartis, Novo Nordisk A/S, PathAI, Pfizer Ltd, Poxel, ProSciento, Raptor Pharma, Roche, Servier, Terns, The Medicines Company, and Viking Therapeutics, and speaker fees from Abbott Laboratories, Allergan/Tobira, BMS, Clinical Care Options, Falk, Fishawack, Genfit SA, Gilead, Integritas Communications, Kenes, and MedScape. All other authors declared no competing interests., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2022
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