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The current study analysed the antioxidant capacity of the main phenolics found in red fruits. In total, there were analysed the antioxidant activity against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical, nitric oxide and superoxide radicals (DPPH, NO and O 2 - , respectively) of 23 phenolics. Regarding DPPH, anthocyanins, (-)-epicatechin and kaempferol 3-O-rutinoside were the most active, while isorhamnetin 3-O-glucoside was the least active. Anthocyanins, (-)-epicatechin, quercetin 3-O-glucoside and caffeic acid showed the strongest potential against NO, while ρ-hydroxybenzoic acid was the less efficient. Regarding the O 2 - assay, quercetin aglycone and their derivatives were the best ones, while cyanidin aglycone did not show any potential to quench this radical. To deeper explore the biological potential of the most promising compounds, docking molecular and ADME studies were also done. The obtained data is another support regarding the biological potential of phenolics and might be useful in encouraging their use and incorporation in new products., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

The mineral contents and volatile profiles of 23 sweet cherry cultivars were determined. A total of 27 minerals were determined by ICP-MS and flame atomic absorption spectrometry, including 12 essential and 15 non-essential elements. K was the most abundant in all cultivars, while Tl was the one found in the smallest amounts. A total of 66 volatiles were identified using SPME/GC-MS, including 16 aldehydes, 23 alcohols, 6 ketones, 6 esters, 8 monoterpenes, 3 norisoprenoids, 2 hydrocarbons and 2 acids. Benzaldehyde, hexanal, nonanal, benzyl alcohol, (E)-2-hexen-1-ol, 1-hexanol, (Z)-2-hexen-1-ol, 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, linalool, α-terpineol and α-ionone were the major ones. Qualitative and quantitative differences were observed among the cultivars, which influenced nutritional potential and aroma. Cherries from Fundão region contain high concentrations of phytochemicals and nutritional components. 4-84, Burlat and Celeste might be considered some of the most interesting cultivars, since they are rich in essential minerals and present high diversity in volatiles., (Copyright © 2021. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)

This study aimed to analyze physicochemical characteristics and phenolic profile of twenty-three sweet cherry cultivars from Fundão region, Portugal. The average length and width ranged between 1.9 and 2.6 and 2.1-2.8 cm, respectively. Weight varied between 4.9 and 11.8 g, firmness ranged from 7.3 to 20.1 N, moisture and ash contents ranged from 75.1 to 88.6% and 0.4 to 2.9%, respectively. Sunburst and Sweetheart presented high values of CIEL∗, a∗ and b∗, and low values regarding total soluble solids and maturity index. A total of 46 phenolic compounds were identified by HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS n and quantified by HPLC-DAD, namely 19 hydroxycinnamic acids, 2 hydroxybenzoic acids, 13 flavonols, 5 flavan-3-ols, 2 flavanones, 1 flavanonol and 4 anthocyanins. Sunburst and Brook's were the richest in non-colored phenolics, while Garnet and Tavora were the richest ones in anthocyanins. Therefore, our results revealed that sweet cherries represent a supply of high-value bioactive compounds, being greatly influenced by the cultivar., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2020. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)

Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) is one of the most important food crops for human and animal consumption, providing oil and protein at relatively low cost. The least expensive source of nitrogen for soybean is the biological fixation of atmospheric nitrogen by the symbiotic association with soil bacteria, belonging mainly to the genus Bradyrhizobium. This study was conducted to assess the effect of the inoculation of G. max with Bradyrhizobium japonicum on the metabolite profile and antioxidant potential of its seeds. Phenolic compounds, sterols, triterpenes, organic acids, fatty acids and volatiles profiles were characterised by different chromatographic techniques. The antioxidant activity was evaluated against DPPH, superoxide and nitric oxide radicals. Inoculation with B. japonicum induced changes in the profiles of primary and secondary metabolites of G. max seeds, without affecting their antioxidant capacity. The increase of organic and fatty acids and volatiles suggest a positive effect of the inoculation process. These findings indicate that the inoculation with nodulating B. japonicum is a beneficial agricultural practice, increasing the content of bioactive metabolites in G. max seeds owing to the establishment of symbiosis between plant and microorganism, with direct effects on seed quality., (Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

The production of organic acids from several yeasts isolated from mature plums on media containing glycerol as carbon source was analysed by HPLC-UV. The yeasts isolated were identified by sequencing the 5.8S internal transcribed spacer as Pichia fermentans, Wickerhamomyces anomalus and Candida oleophila. The organic acid profiles of these strains comprise acetic, citric, succinic and malic acids that qualitatively and quantitatively vary between different species as well as among strains from the same species. The production from glycerol of succinic, acetic, citric, malic and oxalic acids from C. oleophila and W. anomalus, and that of succinic, oxalic and acetic acids by P. fermentans is reported for the first time in this work, as is the production of oxalic acid from glycerol in yeasts. Our results also showed that mature fruits can be a good source of new yeasts able to metabolise glycerol, producing different organic acids with industrial and biotechnological interest., (Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Gomphrena globosaL. is a popular edible plant used as food colourant and in traditional medicine. In this work, 24 phenolic compounds and eight betacyanins were determined by HPLC-DAD in three different extracts of G. globosa inflorescences. The decoction presented the highest amount of phenolic compounds, kaempferol-3-O-(6-rhamnosyl)hexoside plus kaempferol-3-O-hexoside being the main compounds. The rich betacyanins extract showed isogomphrenin III and gomphrenin III as major metabolites. Decreases in the nitric oxide amounts were observed in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. In vitro scavenging micro assays against several reactive species revealed a great antioxidant capacity, particularly against superoxide radical. In general, the best results were obtained with decoction. Some relationships between activity and composition were established. The data provide evidence of the G. globosa inflorescences potential as a source of anti-inflammatory compounds, with relevance for the treatment of acute or chronic inflammatory conditions, and health-promoting antioxidants for use by both food and pharmaceutical industries., (Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)