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In this study, the closed-form wave solutions has been examined to the space–time fractional simplified Camassa-Holm equation through two potential techniques, namely the sine-Gordon expansion approach and the extended tanh function scheme. The equation explains the dispersion effects of several phenomena, including liquid drop patterning in plasma, fluid flow, fission and fusion processes, acoustics, control theory, etc. The fractional-order equation is transformed into a nonlinear equation through a complex transformation. Diverse solutions are determined, and for specified parametric values, the solutions are graphically assessed by depicting 3D and contour plots that provide kinks, singular kinks, plane-shaped, bell-shaped, and other types of solitons. All derived solutions are substituted into the original equation to ensure their accuracy, and the obtained solutions are compared with existing solutions in the literature to demonstrate their novelty. It is noteworthy that the suggested techniques are reliable, competent, and potential mathematical tools to establish closed-form wave solutions.

Nonlinear evolution equations play a crucial role in modelling various physical phenomena, such as fluid flow dynamics and plasma waves. Among them, the generalized Whitham–Broer–Kaup–Boussinesq–Kupershmidt (WBKBK) system, along with its special cases, has garnered significant attention in the study of soliton theory due to its intricate mathematical structure and broad range of applications. This study explores the properties and behaviour of soliton solutions in the WBKBK system. The study presents six new classes of wavelike solutions of the WBKBK system and investigate the unique characteristics exhibited by dark and anti-dark solitons, as well as the phenomenon of forward and backward propagating solitons in the system. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the fundamental dynamics of the WBKBK system and offer valuable insights into soliton solutions of the system.

This paper explores some novel solutions to the generalized Schrödinger-Boussinesq (gSBq) equations, which describe the interaction between complex short wave and real long wave envelope. In order to derive some novel complex hyperbolic and complex trigonometric function solutions, the sine-Gordon equation method (sGEM) is applied to the gSBq equations. Novel complex hyperbolic and trigonometric function solutions are expressed by the dark, bright, combo dark-bright, W-shaped, M-shaped, singular, combo singular, and periodic wave solutions. The accuracy of the explored solitons is examined under the back substitution to the corresponding equations via the symbolic computation software Maple. It is found from the back substitution outcomes that all soliton solutions satisfy the original equations. The proper significance of the explored outcomes is demonstrated by the three-dimensional (3D) and two-dimensional (2D) graphs, which are presented under the selection of particular values of the free parameters. All the combo-soliton (W-shaped, M-shaped, and periodic wave) solutions are found to be new for the interaction between complex short wave and real long wave envelope in laser physics that show the novelty of the study. Moreover, the applied method provides an efficient tool for exploring novel soliton solutions, and it overcomes the complexities of the solitary wave ansatz method.

This paper considers the generalized Davey-Stewartson equation that is used to investigate the dynamics of wave propagation in water of finite depth under the effects of gravity force and surface tension. The model is considered in the presence of full nonlinearity. The main objective of this paper is to extract soliton solutions of the generalized Davey-Stewartson equation. Three state-of-the-art integration schemes, namely exp(-Φ(ξ))-expansion method, the first integral method and the Sine-Gordon expansion method have been employed for obtaining the desired soliton solutions. The proposed methods successfully attain different structures of explicit solutions such as bright, dark, singular, rational and periodic solitary wave solutions. All the newly found solutions are discussed with their existence criteria. The 2D and 3D portraits are also shown for some of the reported solutions.

This article presents soliton solutions to a generalized nonlinear Fokas-Lenells equation via the Sine-Gordon expansion method. To uncover the clear picture of the gained solutions, the two and three-dimensional figures for the solutions are given. It is shown that the proposed methodology provides powerful mathematical tools for obtaining the exact traveling wave solutions of different nonlinear evolution equations.

New optical soliton solutions for the coupled conformable Fokas–Lenells equation with spatio-temporal dispersion are obtained via Atangana’s derivative operator using an integration method. The used method in this article is sine–Gordon expansion method. The obtained solutions include dark, bright, singular as well as periodic waves solitons which are graphically discussed through 2D- and 3D-plots.

Discrete networks, nonlinear networks, high speed computer data buses, computer network connections, and cable signal distribution are analyzed using the modified Zakharov-Kuznetsov (mZK) equation as a model governing the propagation in the electrical transmission lines. In this study, we establish viable extensive traveling wave solutions with the familiar singular kink type, kink type, bell-type solution, singular bell-type solution, t-type solution, and some advanced soliton solutions through the modified simple equation (MSE) and the sine-Gordon expansion methods. The established solutions are highly stable, resilient and capable to travel long distance. The solutions obtained can determine the voltage and current flow that can be used to design the transmission lines. The density plot and three-dimensional diagrams of the solutions obtained illustrate the voltage and current distributions in the transmission line. The traveling wave solutions are found in closed-form which simplify their utilization. The implemented methods are compatible for the extraction of traveling wave solutions.

Stable soliton solutions for the nonlinear Klein–Gordon equation in condensed matter physics, particle physics, nonlinear optics, solid state physics and the gas dynamics equation ensuing in shock fronts have been established by putting use of the sine-Gordon expansion procedure. We establish the broad-ranging familiar stable wave solutions related with some free parameters, for particular values of which some of the subsisting solutions in the literature are re-established and several fresh solutions are formulated. The contour and 3D shapes are depicted to describe the physical phenomena of the established solutions. Scores of solitary wave solutions are obtained such as, compacton, smooth soliton, anti-bell type solitary wave, bell-type solitary wave, kink and some other new types of solitary wave solutions. The obtained results might play important role in optics, quantum mechanics, mathematical physics and engineering. It is noticeable to inspect that the sine-Gordon expansion procedure is an efficient, competent and straightforward mathematical tool to ascertain exact solitary wave solutions.