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Research Question: Can women with partial 17α-hydroxylase deficiency (17-OHD) conceive naturally with adequate hormonal control and endometrial preparation?, Design: This report presents two cases of women with partial 17-OHD who achieved successful pregnancies. The first case involved a 27-year-old Chinese woman with recurrent cysts and infertility, and the second case involved a 32-year-old Chinese woman with a complex disorder requiring IVF. Both cases were treated with oral prednisone to control hormone concentrations and underwent endometrial preparation., Results: In the first case, the patient resumed spontaneous ovulation, conceived naturally, and gave birth to a healthy baby. In the second case, after cryopreserving embryos due to a thin endometrium, the patient underwent frozen embryo transfer and achieved a singleton pregnancy., Conclusion: This study suggests that women with partial 17-OHD can conceive naturally with appropriate hormonal management and endometrial preparation. These findings provide valuable insights into the reproductive potential of women with this disorder, and highlight the importance of further research in this area., (Copyright © 2024 Reproductive Healthcare Ltd. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Research Question: What differences exist in the phenotypes of pre-eclampsia, perinatal outcomes and neonatal echocardiography between pregnancies conceived naturally and through IVF?, Design: Six hundred and ten women diagnosed with pre-eclampsia between January 2002 and December 2022 were included in this study. This research was conducted within the IVF and Maternal-Fetal Medicine Department of Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan. Participants were divided into two groups: those who achieved pregnancy through IVF, and those who conceived naturally. The phenotypes of pre-eclampsia and perinatal outcomes were assessed using a propensity-matched sample (n = 218), along with neonatal echocardiography., Results: After conducting propensity score matching, the natural conception group had a higher prevalence of early-onset pre-eclampsia (53.9% versus 37.7%, P = 0.04) and exhibited more severe features of pre-eclampsia (89.1% versus 69.8%, P = 0.01) compared with the IVF group. Regarding perinatal outcomes, neonates in the IVF group had higher placental weights compared with the natural conception group (580 versus 480 g, P = 0.031). The prevalence of abnormal findings on neonatal echocardiography was similar between the groups. Multivariate analysis showed that greater gestational age at delivery reduced the likelihood of abnormal findings on echocardiography [adjusted risk ratio (aRR) 0.950, P = 0.001], while pregestational diabetes mellitus increased the likelihood of abnormal findings (aRR 1.451, P = 0.044). Septal defects were the most common type of defect, occurring in 16.1% of infants., Conclusion: The impact of IVF conception on the severity of pre-eclampsia is not as expected. Neonatal echocardiography revealed a higher prevalence of abnormalities in offspring of women with pre-eclampsia compared with the general population. However, these issues were not linked to the method of conception, suggesting the existence of undisclosed factors that could influence the clinical features and perinatal outcomes of pre-eclampsia., (Copyright © 2024 Reproductive Healthcare Ltd. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)