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Recently, the interest in discovering natural antioxidants has increased tremendously for their application to control onset of multiple diseases. The present study was designed to determine polyphenolic compounds and antioxidant potential of Hedera nepalensis. Crude extract of H. nepalensis and its fractions (n-hexane, ethyl acetate and aqueous) was prepared by solvent–solvent extraction. Total flavonoid and phenolic contents were determined by colorimetric methods using quercetin and gallic acid as standard. Further quantitative analysis of phenolic and flavonoid compounds was carried out by using high performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detector (HPLC-DAD). Ethyl acetate fraction showed the highest amount of total flavonoid (2.4 ± 0.164 mg QE/100 mg) and phenolic contents (12.90 ± 0.15 mg GAE/100 mg). Using HPLC-DAD, catechin was identified in aqueous fraction and caffeic acid was identified in ethyl acetate fraction of H. nepalensis. The antioxidant capacity of H. nepalensis was evaluated by measuring the scavenging potential of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), total antioxidant capacity and reducing power. The extract/fractions showed significant (P

The goal of the project was to create environmentally friendly and economically viable materials for thoroughly purifying contaminated water. An affordable, phytogenic, and multifunctional plant-based nanomaterial was prepared in this context. The work demonstrates an effective green synthesis method for producing iron nanoparticles (FeNPs) using six different plant extracts as a reducing agent. The characterization of green synthesized catalysts was concluded via Spectroscopy (tauc plot), XRD, FE-SEM, and FT-IR. The produced nanomaterial, which had an X-ray diffractogram (XRD) peak at 43.33⁰ and a size range of 1.82-63.63 nm, functioned as a highly effective nano-photocatalyst for the degradation of cationic dye. Due to the presence of a lower overall secondary metabolites quota, Ocimum sanctum plant extract reduced iron precursor produced the highest yield of dried NPs, followed by Azadirachta indica, Prosopis cineraria, Syzygium cumini, Citrus limon, and Salvadora oleoides. Further, the synthesized catalyst was tested for its effectiveness against gentian violet dye degradation. Ocimum sanctum plant extract reduced iron precursor produced the highest yield of dried NPs, followed by Azadirachta indica, Prosopis cineraria, Syzygium cumini, Citrus limon, and Salvadora oleoides, in that order. The dye removal efficiency of nanoparticles was 51% (Azadirachta indica), 83% (Ocimum sanctum), 59% (Syzygium cumini), 40% (Salvadora oleoides), 59% (Prosopis cineraria), and 63% (Citrus limon) after 12 h of visible light irradiation. The key factor in the process of deterioration is •O 2- . As a result, the nanoparticles can be used in antibacterial and photocatalytic processes. The reduced band gap was responsible for the increased photocatalytic quantity. The maximum adsorption capacity at the time of equilibrium was obtained in order as Ocimum sanctum > Citrus limon > Prosopis cineraria > Syzygium cumini > Azadirachta indica > Salvadora oleoides. The simplicity of production, low cost, magnetic property, and high adsorption capacity will increase the efficacy of the water treatment method. This article reports on the creation of unique iron nanoparticles and their use in the purification of water., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Advancements in nanotechnology have led to the development of the nanomedicine, which involves nanodevices for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. A key requirement for the successful use of the nanoparticles (NPs) in biomedical applications is their good dispensability, colloidal stability in biological media, internalization efficiency, and low toxicity. Therefore, toxicological profiling is necessary to understand the mechanism of NPs and microparticles (MPs). MgO NPs have attracted wide scientific interest due to ease of synthesis, chemical stability and unique properties. However, their toxic effects on humans should also be of concern with the increased applications of nano MgO. The present study was aimed to assess the toxicological potential of MgO NPs in comparison to their micron counterparts in female Wistar rats. Toxicity was evaluated using genotoxicity, histological, biochemical, antioxidant and biodistribution parameters post administration of MgO particles to rats through oral route. The results obtained from the investigation revealed that the acute exposure to the high doses of MgO NPs produced significant (p < 0.01) DNA damage and biochemical alterations. Antioxidant assays revealed prominent oxidative stress at the high dose level for both the particles. Toxicokinetic analysis showed significant levels of Mg accumulation in the liver and kidney tissues apart from urine and feces. Further, mechanistic investigational reports are warranted to document safe exposure levels and health implications post exposure to high levels of NPs., (Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)