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Objective: A questionnaire form was prepared by the Turkish Pediatric Hematology Society- Subcommittee of Hemostasis, Thrombosis and Hemophilia to determine the current approaches in the diagnosis and treatment of childhood ITP in our country. Our aim was to share the results of this study, and to do new, national, multicenter prospective studies. Methodology: This form, which consists of twenty questions with multiple choices, but a brief explanation is requested when there is a different approach other than the options given, was sent to all pediatric hematologists via e-mail. Results: The response was obtained from 55 hematologists experienced in ITP from 47 centers in total. Due to space constraints, this summary could not present the survey questions and answers. Conclusion: In conclusion, the approaches for diagnosis and management of childhood ITP differ between centers.

Objective: Hereditary spherocytosis (HS) is a non-immune hemolytic anemia occurring with anemia, jaundice, splenomegaly symptoms in which the cell membrane of the erythrocytes is transformed into the shape of spherocytes due to congenital membrane protein defects. In this study, the demographic characteristics, clinical and laboratory findings, as well as complications during the follow up of our patients with HS are presented. Methodology: All patients who were diagnosed with hereditary spherocytosis and followed in our pediatric hematology clinic between 2000 and 2021 years were included in the study. Gender, age consanguinity of the parents, family history of HS and splenectomy, the neonatal phototherapy history were retrospectively recorded from patients’ files. The complaints, physical examination findings, and laboratory findings at the first admission were evaluated. Duration of follow-up, transfusion frequency,splenectomy requirement, and response to splenectomy were also recorded. Results: Sixty-seven patients (41 male, 27 female) were religible for the study. The median age of diagnosis was 3 years (range 18 day-15 years). Consanguineous marriage rate was 29.9% whereas 62.7% of the patients had a family history of HS. Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia was present in 67.1% of the patients. The median follow-up period was 8.5 years.The complaints at admission were jaundice (64.2 %), fatigue (26.9 %) and fainting (7.5 %). Physical examination revealed hepatomegaly and splenomegaly in 65.6% and 77.6% of the patients, respectively. Hemoglobin mean values at the time of the admission was 8.3±2.1 g/dl, ranging between 5.1-15.3 g/dl. The mean MCV value was 83.1±9.7fl, mean value of MCH was 28.8±2.9 pg, mean MCHC value was 34.9±1.6 g/l, mean indirect bilirubin was 3.5 ± 4 mg/dl. There were various degrees of spherocytosis observed in peripheral smear examinations in all patients. Incubated osmotic fragility test confirmed the diagnosis in all cases. During follow-up, 24 patients (35.8%) never needed a transfusion; 10 (14.9%) patients had an increased need for transfusion in infection periods; eight patients (12%) were regularly transfused, other 25 patients were transfused one or two times, not regularly. 29 (43.2%) had a splenectomy, 41% of the patients who had a splenectomy had a simultaneous cholecystectomy because of the bile sludge and gallstones identified in the ultrasound. Laboratory findings of the patients were also evaluated before splenectomy and two months after splenectomy. Hemoglobin and platelet levels increased significantly (p