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Cough is a common complication following pulmonary resection. Persistent and severe cough after pulmonary resection can cause significant impairments in quality of life among postoperative patients. Complications of cough can be life-threatening. To improve patients’ probability and quality of life, factors that induce cough after pulmonary resection (CAP) and potential treatments should be explored and summarized. Previous studies have identified various factors related to CAP. However, those factors have not been categorized and analyzed in a sensible manner. Here, we summarized the different factors and classified them into four groups. Potential therapies might be developed to selectively target different factors that affect CAP. However, the exact mechanism underlying CAP remains unknown, making it difficult to treat and manage CAP. In this review, we summarized the latest studies in our understanding of the factors related to CAP and potential treatments targeting those factors. This review can help understand the mechanism of CAP and develop efficient therapies and management.

Summary: Benefiting from the high modulation bandwidth (BW), low energy consumption and excellent optical performance, lead halide perovskite has attracted wide attention in visible light communication (VLC). However, the ion migration which results in mobile point defects in perovskite structures is recognized as a crucial key factor inducing the performance degradation. Here, the influence of ion migration in perovskite devices on the performance of VLC was systematically studied. The ion migration process is realized by mixing CsPbBr3 and CsPbI3 quantum dots, during which, the performance of the VLC system is reduced, but it can return to its initial state after stabilization. The on-off keying (OOK) modulation scheme of the perovskite light-emitting diode (LED) device was carried out, achieving a data rate of 90 Mbps.

Summary: The early postnatal limb developmental progression bridges embryonic and mature stages and mirrors the pathological remodeling of articular cartilage. However, compared with multitudinous research on embryonic limb development, the early postnatal stage seems relatively unnoticed. Here, a systematic work to portray the postnatal limb developmental landscape was carried out by characterization of 19,952 single cells from murine hindlimbs at 4 postnatal stages using single-cell RNA sequencing technique. By delineation of cell heterogeneity, the candidate progenitor sub-clusters marked by Cd34 and Ly6e were discovered in articular cartilage and enthesis, and three cellular developmental branches marked by Col10a1, Spp1, and Tnni2 were reflected in growth plate. The representative transcriptomes and developmental patterns were intensively explored, and the key regulation mechanisms as well as evolvement in osteoarthritis were discussed. Above all, these results expand horizons of postnatal limb developmental biology and reach the interconnections between limb development, remodeling, and regeneration.

Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) within the spinal canal sometimes leads to severe myelopathy. Teriparatide (TPD) is a recombinant human parathyroid hormone (PTH) (1–34), which promotes osteogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) via PTH 1 receptor (PTH1R). Although ligamentum flavum (LF)-MSCs from patients with OPLL have a high osteogenic potency, the effect of TPD on them remains unknown. In this study, we determined PTH1R expression in LF-MSCs from patients with OPLL and investigated whether TPD promotes osteogenic differentiation in them. First, LF-MSCs were isolated from patients with OPLL and cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) (controls). Cultured LF-MSCs were treated with different concentrations of TPD on days 0, 7, and 14. On day 21, osteogenic gene expression was quantified. Mineralization was measured based on optical density after Alizarin Red S staining. LF-MSCs from both groups expressed PTH1R at the same level. TPD did not enhance osteogenic gene expression and mineralization in LF-MSCs from both groups. TPD did not promote the osteogenic differentiation of LF-MSCs from patients with OPLL. Thus, it may be safe for patients with OPLL. However, further confirmation of our results with in vivo studies is necessary.

Aim: Joint destruction progresses irreversibly once they occur in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), even with the recent development of anti-rheumatic drugs. Cells positive for stage-specific embryonic antigen-3 (SSEA-3), a marker of human embryonic stem cell, act as stem cells in the blood. The aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of SSEA-3 positive cells for the treatment for RA. Methods: Synovial tissues were harvested at the time of joint surgery in RA patients. Cultured synovial cells were sorted by anti-SSEA-3 antibody using flow cytometry and were analyzed in in vitro. To investigate inhibitory effects on arthritis by SSEA-3 positive cells, collagen antibody-induced arthritis (CAIA) mice were used and transplanted with labeled cells intravenously. Results: Presence of SSEA-3 positive cells was confirmed with approximately 1% in RA synovial cells. SSEA-3 positive cells were negative for CD34 and positive for CD44, CD90 and CD105. Multipotency of SSEA-3 positive cells was higher than that of SSEA-3 negative cells. Arthritis of the group transplanted with SSEA-3 positive cells in CAIA mice decreased over time. Conclusions: SSEA-3 positive cells derived from RA synovial tissue might have the inhibitory effect on arthritis and would be one of cell source for new RA treatment.