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Prolonged inhalation of environmental crystalline silica (CS) can cause silicosis, characterized by persistent pulmonary inflammation and irreversible fibrosis, but the mechanism has not been elucidated. To uncover the role and underlying mechanism of glycolytic reprogramming in CS-induced pulmonary inflammation, the mouse silicosis models and glycolysis inhibition models were established in vivo. And the CS-induced macrophage activation models were utilized to further explore the underlying mechanism in vitro. The results showed that CS induced lung inflammation accompanied by glycolytic reprogramming and pyroptosis. The application of glycolysis inhibitor (2-DG) suppressed CS-induced pyroptosis and alleviated lung inflammation. In vitro, 2-DG effectively impeded CS-induced macrophage pyroptosis and inflammatory response. Mechanistically, 2-DG suppressed pyroptosis by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation both in vivo and in vitro. Furtherly, metabolite lactate facilitated NLRP3-dependent pyroptosis synergistically with CS particles, while blocking the source of lactate largely alleviated NLRP3 inflammasome activation and subsequent pyroptosis triggered by CS. More profoundly, the increment of lactate induced by CS might drive NLRP3-dependent pyroptosis by increasing histone lactylation levels. In conclusion, our findings demonstrated inhibiting glycolytic reprogramming could alleviate CS-induced inflammatory response through suppressing NLRP3 -dependent pyroptosis. Increased glycolytic metabolite lactate and protein lactylation modifications might represent significant mechanisms during CS-induced NLRP3 activation and macrophage pyroptosis.

The thin but widely distributed sandstones in the shallow-water deltas have the potential to hold large deposits of natural gas. The fluvial sand bodies formed from river channels with different sedimentary facies and sandstone architectures have remarkable heterogeneities. The results of this investigation suggest that the sandstone architectures of river channels have a significant impact on the hydrocarbon accumulation and production of sandstone reservoirs. Information regarding the sandstone origin and architecture of shallow-water deltas, especially of the fingered bar type, is still very limited. This investigation focused on the channel sandstones in the shallow-water delta of the Jurassic Shaximiao Formation on the eastern slope of the western Sichuan Basin in China. Based on data from cores and logs of sandstones, seven types of lithofacies and four sedimentary facies were identified. Sand-rich sedimentary facies, including distributary channels, mouth bars, and overbanks, have merged to form four types of compound sandbodies corresponding to the fourth-order architectural unit in the architectural classification. Four types of compound sand bodies were classified, including CS1 (variable distributary channel sand body), CS2 (diverting channel and residual overbank sand body), CS3 (diverting channel and residual mouth bar sand body), and CS4 (terminal channel and residual mouth bar sand body). Relatively good physical properties occur in the sandstone architectures of types CS3 and CS4, with an average porosity of 11.06% and an average permeability of 0.97 mD. Sandstone architectures from the Jurassic Shaximiao Formation of the study area were controlled by water depth and climate, tectonic subsidence, distance from provenance, erosion effect, and channel sinuosity and discharge. With strong lateral erosion, a shallow-water delta would have more sandstone architectures of types CS3 and CS4 in the high sinuosity of channels far from the provenance. Furthermore, sandstone architectures of types CS3 and CS4 are prone to form in connected channel sandbodies with relatively high contents of natural gas of approximately 4.48 × 104 m3/d. The results of this investigation are beneficial to improve the understanding of the characteristics of sandstone distributions in shallow-water deltas, especially in fingered bar types, and to guide oil and gas explorations in shallow-water delta systems.

Objective: This study aims to develop and test the self-management instrument for breast cancer patients undergoing adjuvant therapy (SMAT-B). Methods: After a qualitative interview with 29 patients and two rounds of Delphi expert consultation with 15 experts, 49 items were initially generated. Before item reduction, another structured interview was conducted for content validity. Item analysis and exploratory factor analysis (n ​= ​377) were used for item reduction. After that, internal consistency, split-half reliability, test-retest reliability (n ​= ​30), measurement error, construct validity, and structural validity (n ​= ​342) were preliminarily evaluated using the COnsesus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurements INstruments guidelines. Results: The final version of SMAT-B includes 7 dimensions and 31 items after item reduction. The testing results suggested that SMAT-B had good internal consistency (Total Cronbach's α ​= ​0.952), good split-half reliability (Spearman-Brown coefficient ​= ​0.904), good stability (Total intraclass correlation coefficient = ​0.797), acceptable measurement error (SEM ​= ​5.28), and acceptable construct validity (Standardized root mean square residual ​= ​0.055). The hypotheses of construct validity were all verified to a certain extent (r ​> ​0.20, P ​

We reported a case of a 60-year-old male with fever, cough, expectoration, and chest distress after right lung transplanted. Blood examination showed elevated C-reaction protein (CRP), white blood cell (WBC), and ammonia. Computed tomography (CT) revealed patchy high-density shadows and few pleural effusions in the transplanted lung. Bronchoscopy illustrated anastomotic fistula, and pseudomembrane and mucus plugs around the right main bronchial anastomosis. Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae, Ureaplasma urealyticum, and Aspergillus flavus was successively detected by metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS). Targeted anti-microbial agents were administered and patient was successfully discharged. Unfortunately, a year later, patient died of respiratory failure due to recurrent pulmonary infections.

Objective: To standardize the distress management of gastric cancer patients receiving chemotherapy, the adapted Cancer-related Distress Management Guidelines were implemented in nursing practice among gastric cancer patients receiving chemotherapy based on A Guideline Adaptation and Implementation Planning Resource (CAN-IMPLEMENT). Methods: Based on the theoretical framework of CAN-IMPLEMENT, A multidisciplinary team was established, barriers and facilitators obstacles of guidelines implementation in medical oncology units were assessed, corresponding solutions were formulated, the guidelines implementation process was monitored, and implementation results were evaluated. Results: The multidisciplinary team developed review criteria, standardized work paths, assessment tools, training manuals for healthcare professionals, education manuals for patients and their caregivers. After guidelines implementation, the completion rate of the distress management record came up to 97.9% (189/193). From September 2017 to December 2018, the compliance of medical staff on most items in the audit checklist was improved, ranging from 57.1% (100/175) to 100.0% (193/193). The positive distress rate of gastric cancer patients receiving chemotherapy was decreased from 22.7% (32/141) to 9.3% (18/193) (P