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14 results on '"Wim Vandenberghe"'

1. Electrophysiological sweet spot mapping in deep brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease patients

Author

Jana Peeters, Tine Van Bogaert, Alexandra Boogers, Robin Gransier, Jan Wouters, Philippe De Vloo, Wim Vandenberghe, Michael T. Barbe, Veerle Visser-Vandewalle, Bart Nuttin, Till A. Dembek, and Myles Mc Laughlin

Subjects
Evoked potentials, Probabilistic stimulation mapping, Deep brain stimulation, Parkinson's disease, Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571
Abstract

Background: Subthalamic deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) is a well-established therapy to treat Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the STN-DBS sub-target remains debated. Recently, a white matter tract termed the hyperdirect pathway (HDP), directly connecting the motor cortex to STN, has gained interest as HDP stimulation is hypothesized to drive DBS therapeutic effects. Previously, we have investigated EEG-based evoked potentials (EPs) to better understand the neuroanatomical origins of the DBS clinical effect. We found a 3-ms peak (P3) relating to clinical benefit, and a 10-ms peak (P10) suggesting nigral side effects. Here, we aimed to investigate the neuroanatomical origins of DBS EPs using probabilistic mapping. Methods: EPs were recorded using EEG whilst low-frequency stimulation was delivered at all DBS-contacts individually. Next, EPs were mapped onto the patients’ individual space and then transformed to MNI standard space. Using voxel-wise and fiber-wise probabilistic mapping, we determined hotspots/hottracts and coldspots/coldtracts for P3 and P10. Topography analysis was also performed to determine the spatial distribution of the DBS EPs. Results: In all 13 patients (18 hemispheres), voxel- and fiber-wise probabilistic mapping resulted in a P3-hotspot/hottract centered on the posterodorsomedial STN border indicative of HDP stimulation, while the P10-hotspot/hottract covered large parts of the substantia nigra. Conclusion: This study investigated EP-based probabilistic mapping in PD patients during STN-DBS, revealing a P3-hotspot/hottract in line with HDP stimulation and P10-hotspot/hottract related to nigral stimulation. Results from this study provide key evidence for an electrophysiological measure of HDP and nigral stimulation.

Published
2024
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3. Deep brain stimulation with short versus conventional pulse width in Parkinson's disease and essential tremor: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Author

Sara Smeets, Alexandra Boogers, Tine Van Bogaert, Jana Peeters, Myles McLaughlin, Bart Nuttin, Tom Theys, Wim Vandenberghe, and Philippe De Vloo

Subjects
Deep brain stimulation, Parkinson's disease, Essential tremor, Pulse width, Therapeutic window, Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571
Abstract

Background: To maximize clinical benefit and minimize stimulation-induced side effects, optimising deep brain stimulation (DBS) parameters is paramount. Recent literature suggests a potential benefit of short pulse width DBS (spDBS; ≤40 μs) over conventional pulse width DBS (cDBS; ≥60 μs) in movement disorders. Objective: To compare therapeutic window (TW), therapeutic and side effects and energy consumption of spDBS and cDBS in movement disorders. Methods: We systematically searched Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library and Web of Science. Appropriate paired analyses were performed. Results: Nine Parkinson's disease (PD) (143 patients), 4 essential tremor (ET) (26 patients) and no dystonia studies were included in the meta-analysis. TW defined as therapeutic amplitude range was larger with spDBS vs. cDBS in PD (standardized mean difference (SMD) = -1.04, p

Published
2024
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4. Anodic and symmetric biphasic pulses enlarge the therapeutic window in deep brain stimulation for essential tremor

Author

Alexandra Boogers, Jana Peeters, Tine Van Bogaert, Boateng Asamoah, Philippe De Vloo, Wim Vandenberghe, Bart Nuttin, and Myles Mc Laughlin

Subjects
Deep brain stimulation, Essential tremor, Pulse shapes, Anodic stimulation, Symmetric biphasic stimulation, Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571
Abstract

Background: Since the inception of DBS, cathodic pulses have been used. Objective: To investigate the effect of anodic and symmetric biphasic pulses on the therapeutic window (TW) in essential tremor (ET) patients. Methods: A randomized, doubled-blinded, cross-over design was used to test the effect of cathodic, anodic and symmetric biphasic pulses (cathode-first and anode-first) on the TW in an acute clinical setting. TW was defined as the difference between the minimal stimulation amplitude provoking side effects and minimal stimulation amplitude inducing tremor arrest. Results: 9 ET patients (10 hemispheres) were included. Anodic stimulation induced a significantly larger TW compared to cathodic stimulation (p = 0.008). Symmetric biphasic stimulation also widened the TW compared to cathodic stimulation for both cathode- (p = 0.047) and anode-first (p = 0.008) biphasic pulses. For both anodic and biphasic pulses, the effect on TW was mainly driven by the change in side effect threshold. The order of the phases in the biphasic pulse had a significant effect on the side effect threshold (p = 0.039), with biphasic-anode first having the highest value. All pulse shapes were safe in the acute setting. Conclusion: Anodic and symmetric biphasic pulses increase TW in ET patients.

Published
2022
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6. Synaptic density in healthy human aging is not influenced by age or sex: a 11C-UCB-J PET study

Author

Laura Michiels, Aline Delva, June van Aalst, Jenny Ceccarini, Wim Vandenberghe, Mathieu Vandenbulcke, Michel Koole, Robin Lemmens, and Koen Van Laere

Subjects
Synaptic density, Aging, PET, SV2A, 11C-UCB-J, Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571
Abstract

Rationale: 11C-UCB-J binds to synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2A, a protein ubiquitously expressed in presynaptic nerve terminals, and can therefore serve as in vivo proxy of synaptic density. There are discrepancies in postmortem data on stability of synaptic density with healthy aging. In this study, healthy aging and sex as potential modifiers of 11C-UCB-J binding were investigated in healthy volunteers over 7 adult decades, assuming that the number of SV2A vesicles per synapse is not influenced by age or sex. Methods: 80 healthy volunteers underwent 11C-UCB-J PET and structural T1 and T2 MR imaging. Grey matter changes with aging were firstly evaluated by voxel-based morphometry (VBM). Parametric 11C-UCB-J standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR) images were calculated using the centrum semiovale as reference tissue. To correct for atrophy-related partial volume effects, a region-based voxel-wise type partial volume correction (PVC) was applied in FreeSurfer. The correlations of 11C-UCB-J binding with age and with sex were investigated by a voxel-based and volume-of-interest (VOI)-based approach, and with and without PVC to assess the contribution of underlying morphology changes upon aging. Results: Full results were available for 78 participants (19–85y; 33 M/45 F). VBM grey matter concentration changes with aging were most predominant in the perisylvian and frontal regions. After PVC, no significantly decreased 11C-UCB-J SUVR with aging was found in the voxel-based analysis, whereas the VOI-based analysis showed a slight decrease in the caudate nucleus (−1.7% decrease per decade, p= 0.0025) only. There was no association between sex and 11C-UCB-J SUVR, nor an interaction between aging and sex for this parameter. Conclusion: In vivo, PET using 11C-UCB-J does not support a cortical decrease of synaptic density with aging, whereas subcortically a small effect with aging in the caudate nucleus was observed. In addition, no association between synaptic density and sex was detected, which allows pooling of datasets of both sexes.

Published
2021
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7. Beta burst coupling across the motor circuit in Parkinson's disease

Author

Gerd Tinkhauser, Flavie Torrecillos, Yann Duclos, Huiling Tan, Alek Pogosyan, Petra Fischer, Romain Carron, Marie-Laure Welter, Carine Karachi, Wim Vandenberghe, Bart Nuttin, Tatiana Witjas, Jean Régis, Jean-Philippe Azulay, Alexandre Eusebio, and Peter Brown

Subjects
Parkinson's disease, Beta oscillations, Basal ganglia-cortical network, Beta bursts, Local field potentials, Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571
Abstract

Exaggerated activity in the beta band (13–35 Hz) is a hallmark of basal ganglia signals in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Beta activity however is not constantly elevated, but comes in bursts. In previous work we showed that the longer beta bursts are maintained, the more the oscillatory synchronisation within the subthalamic nucleus (STN) increases, which is posited to limit the information coding capacity of local circuits. Accordingly, a higher incidence of longer bursts correlates positively with clinical impairment, while the opposite is true for short, more physiological bursts. Here, we test the hypothesis that beta bursts not only indicate local synchronisation within the STN, but also phasic coupling across the motor network and hence entail an even greater restriction of information coding capacity in patients with PD. Local field potentials from the subthalamic nucleus and EEG over the motor cortex area were recorded in nine PD patients after temporary lead externalization after surgery for deep brain stimulation and overnight withdrawal of levodopa. Beta bursts were defined as periods exceeding the 75th percentile of signal amplitude and the coupling between bursts was considered using two distinct measurements, first the % overlapping (%OVL) as a feature of the amplitude coupling and secondly the phase synchrony index (PSI) to measure the phase coupling between regions. %OVL between STN and cortex and between the left and the right STN was higher than expected between the regions than if they had been independent. Similarly, PSI was higher during bursts as opposed to non-bursts periods. In addition, %OVL was greater for long compared to short bursts. Our results support the hypothesis that beta bursts involve long-range coupling between structures in the basal ganglia-cortical network. The impact of this is greater during long as opposed to short duration beta bursts. Accordingly, we posit that episodes of simultaneously elevated coupling across multiple structures in the basal ganglia-cortical circuit further limit information coding capacity and may have further impact upon motor impairment.

Published
2018
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8. Open fracture of deep brain stimulation leads with normal electrical impedances

Author

Bart Nuttin, Philippe De Vloo, Wim Vandenberghe, and Lynn Vermeulen

Subjects
Open fracture, Deep brain stimulation, Parkinson's disease, business.industry, General Neuroscience, medicine.medical_treatment, Biophysics, medicine.disease, lcsh:RC321-571, Lead fracture, Parkinson’s disease, Medicine, Neurology (clinical), business, Neuroscience, lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry
Abstract

ispartof: Brain Stimulation vol:13 issue:6 pages:1639-1641 ispartof: location:United States status: published

Published
2020

9. Retention of touchscreen skills is compromised in Parkinson's disease

Author

Alice Nieuwboer, Stephan P. Swinnen, Wim Vandenberghe, Evelien Nackaerts, Elke Heremans, and Pieter Ginis

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Parkinson's disease, Transfer, Psychology, education, Performance index, Severity of Illness Index, law.invention, Upper Extremity, 03 medical and health sciences, Behavioral Neuroscience, Skills training, User-Computer Interface, 0302 clinical medicine, Touchscreen, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Disease severity, law, Medicine, Humans, Lead (electronics), Upper limb, 030304 developmental biology, Aged, 0303 health sciences, business.industry, Retention, Psychology, Parkinson Disease, Middle Aged, Fine motor skill, medicine.disease, Transfer, Retention, Motor Skills, Practice, Psychological, Parkinson’s disease, Female, business, Motor learning, motor learning, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Fine motor skill impairments likely have a severe impact on the use of touchscreens in Parkinson's disease (PD). Although recent work showed positive effects of intensive writing training, many questions remained regarding the consolidation of motor learning in PD. The current study examined the effects of PD on practicing the manipulation of touchscreen technology and whether this can lead to 24h-retention and transfer. We developed the Swipe-Slide Pattern (SSP)-task, similar to handling a touchscreen unlock-trace. On day 1, 11 patients and 10 healthy, age-matched controls underwent two consecutive runs of early and late learning (9 × 36 s SSP and 36 s rest). This was followed by a retention test after 24 h, including the assessment of transfer. Movement time (MT, s), Euclidean distance (ED) and a performance index (PI = MT/ED) were compared across the learning phases (early, late, retention and transfer) for both groups. Additionally, a learning, retention and transfer index were compared between groups and correlated to clinical characteristics. Both groups significantly improved in MT and PI across practice. However, while healthy adults showed further improvements after a 24h-retention period, patients presented with impaired retention indices. This was correlated with disease duration, disease severity and performance on a daily life mobile phone task. Finally, transfer to a similar, but untrained pattern was comparable between both groups. Overall, short-term practice of the SSP-task results in improvements for PD patients, albeit with impaired retention. Future work should investigate whether prolonged touchscreen skill training can be retained in motor memory in PD. ispartof: BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH vol:378 ispartof: location:Netherlands status: published

Published
2020

10. Contributors

Author

Robert C. Albright, Richard Amerling, Paolo Angeli, Maria Lucia Angelotti, Massimo Antonelli, Riccardo Antoniotti, Nishkantha Arulkumaran, Pierre Asfar, Stephen R. Ash, Filippo Aucella, Francesco Aucella, Samuele Ave, Sean M. Bagshaw, Vasanthi Balaraman, Ian Baldwin, Joanne M. Bargman, Gina-Marie Barletta, Jeffrey F. Barletta, Shriganesh R. Barnela, Hülya Bayır, Monica Beaulieu, Antonio Bellasi, Rinaldo Bellomo, François Beloncle, Arjun Bhansali, Azra Bihorac, Frederic T. Billings, Horst-Walter Birk, Luis Ignacio Bonilla-Reséndiz, Josée Bouchard, Edmund Bourke, George Braitberg, Alessandra Brendolan, Alessandra Brocca, Patrick D. Brophy, Richard Bucala, Timothy E. Bunchman, Emmanuel A. Burdmann, Laurence W. Busse, Renato Antunes Caires, Pietro Caironi, Roberta Camilla, Israel Campos, Bernard Canaud, Vincenzo Cantaluppi, Maria P. Martinez, Giovambattista Capasso, Joseph A. Carcillo, Eleonora Carlesso, Francesco G. Casino, Giuseppe Castellano, Matteo Catania, Kelly A. Cawcutt, Jorge Cerda, Elliot Charen, Lakhmir S. Chawla, Stefano Chiaramonte, Horng-Ruey Chua, Bruno Cianciaruso, Paola Ciceri, Jacek Cieslak, William R. Clark, Rolando Claure-Del Granado, Anna Clementi, Ivan N. Co, Fernanda Oliveira Coelho, Ferruccio Conte, Howard E. Corey, Laura Cosmai, Elerson Carlos Costalonga, Andrea Costamagna, Maria Rosa Costanzo, Mario Cozzolino, Carl H. Cramer, Paolo Cravedi, Carlo Crepaldi, Jacques Creteur, R. John Crew, Verônica Torres da Costa e Silva, Andrew Davenport, Andrew R. Davies, Rohit D'Costa, Dawson F. Dean, Charlotte Debiais, Massimo de Cal, Paras Dedhia, Harm-Jan de Grooth, Roberto Dell'Aquila, Sergio Dellepiane, Richard Phillip Dellinger, Lucia Del Vecchio, Thomas A. Depner, Silvia De Rosa, Clifford S. Deutschman, Prasad Devarajan, A. Dewitte, Biagio R. Di Iorio, Luca Di Lullo, Lucia Di Micco, Matteo Di Nardo, Xiaoqiang Ding, Fiorella D'Ippoliti, Salvatore Di Somma, Kent Doi, David J. Dries, Wilfred Druml, Graeme Duke, Francois Durand, Michael T. Eadon, Devin Eckstein, Moritoki Egi, Somchai Eiam-Ong, Paul W.G. Elbers, Francesca Elli, Steve Elliott, David R. Emlet, Zoltan Endre, Roger G. Evans, Vito Fanelli, Fatemeh Fattahi, Christine Kinggaard Federspiel, Marcela A. Ferrada, Fiorenza Ferrari, Enrico Fiaccadori, Marco Fiorentino, Caleb Fisher, Michael F. Flessner, Marco Formica, Lui G. Forni, Claire Francoz, Craig French, Dana Y. Fuhrman, Giordano Fumagalli, Miriam Galbusera, Maurizio Gallieni, Hilary S. Gammill, Dayong Gao, Francesco Garzotto, Giuseppe Gatta, Kelly R. Genga, Simonetta Genovesi, Yuri S. Genyk, Christel Geradin, Loreto Gesualdo, Davide Giavarina, Anna Giuliani, Ilya G. Glezerman, Stuart L. Goldstein, Thomas A. Golper, Hernando Gómez, Antonio Granata, Giuseppe Grandaliano, Giacomo Grasselli, A.B. Johan Groeneveld, Philippe Guerci, Kyle J. Gunnerson, Nikolas Harbord, Lyndsay A. Harshman, Anthony J. Hennessy, Graham L. Hill, Charles Hobson, Bernd Hohenstein, Patrick M. Honoré, Edward Horwitz, Leila Hosseinian, Eric A.J. Hoste, Andrew A. House, H. David Humes, Faeq Husain-Syed, Can Ince, Todd S. Ing, Rita Jacobs, Dharmvir Jaswal, Arun Jeyabalan, Olivier Joannes-Boyau, Michael Joannidis, Emily Joyce, Sandra L. Kane-Gill, Lewis J. Kaplan, Kianoush Kashani, Nevin Katz, John A. Kellum, Ramesh Khanna, Nahmah Kim-Campbell, Joshua D. King, Christopher J. Kirwan, Joseph E. Kiss, David Klein, Peter Kotanko, Raymond T. Krediet, Martin K. Kuhlmann, Jan Willem Kuiper, Philippe Lachance, Norbert Lameire, Thomas Langer, Yugeesh R. Lankadeva, Louis-Philippe Laurin, Elena Lazzeri, Martine Leblanc, Joannie Lefebvre, Paolo Lentini, Hélène Leray-Moragués, Adeera Levin, Susie Q. Lew, Helen Liapis, Kathleen D. Liu, Sergio Livigni, Francesco Locatelli, Anna Lorenzin, Jian-Da Lu, Renhua Lu, Nicholas Lysak, Etienne Macedo, Niti Madan, François Madore, Linda L. Maerz, Matthew J. Maiden, Rakesh Malhotra, Marita Marengo, Filippo Mariano, Paul E. Marik, John J. Marini, Rossella Marino, Mark R. Marshall, Johan Mårtensson, Ryo Matsuura, Clive N. May, Patrizio Mazzone, Jerry McCauley, Peter A. McCullough, Blaithin A. McMahon, Ravindra L. Mehta, Caterina Mele, Madhav Menon, Mario Meola, Aicha Mérouani, Jean-Yves Meuwly, Paola Milla, Madhukar Misra, Paraish S. Misra, Barry A. Mizock, Jwalant R. Modi, Gilbert Moeckel, Bruce A. Molitoris, Santo Morabito, Roberto Pozzi Mucelli, Patrick T. Murray, Raghavan Murugan, Mitra K. Nadim, Devika Nair, Federico Nalesso, Mauro Neri, Trung C. Nguyen, Zhaohui Ni, Marina Noris, Tessa Novick, John C. O'Horo, Mark Douglas Okusa, Steven M. Opal, Helen Ingrid Opdam, Marlies Ostermann, Emerenziana Ottaviano, Heleen M. Oudemans-van Straaten, Christian Overgaard-Steensen, Massimo A. Padalino, Vincenzo Panichi, Priyanka Parameswaran, Samir S. Patel, Didier Payen, Federico Pea, W. Frank Peacock, Sandrica Young Peart, Sadudee Peerapornratana, Paolo Pelosi, Zhi-Yong Peng, Norberto Perico, Licia Peruzzi, Francesco Pesce, Antonio Pesenti, Ilaria Petrucci, Phuong-Chi Pham, Phuong-Thu Pham, Richard K.S. Phoon, Salvatore Piano, Michael R. Pinsky, Lise Piquilloud, Valentina Pistolesi, Lindsay D. Plank, Frans B. Plötz, Manuel Alfredo Podestá, Camillo Porta, Marco Pozzato, Michele Prencipe, John R. Prowle, Zudin A. Puthucheary, Lirong Qu, Jean-Sebastien Rachoin, Jai Radhakrishnan, V. Marco Ranieri, Ranistha Ratanarat, Giuseppe Remuzzi, Shelby Resnick, Oleksa G. Rewa, Zaccaria Ricci, Christophe Ridel, Kinan Rifai, Troels Ring, Lilia M. Rizo-Topete, Eric Roessler, Paola Romagnani, Stefano Romagnoli, Claudio Ronco, Federico Ronco, Mitchell H. Rosner, Emanuele Rossetti, James A. Russell, Georges Saab, Alice Sabatino, Sonali S. Saboo, Sara Samoni, Penny Lynn Sappington, Marco Sartori, Judy Savige, Francesco Paolo Schena, Antoine Guillaume Schneider, Pieter Schraverus, Wibke Schulte, Giuseppe Segoloni, Matthew W. Semler, Aashish Sharma, Andrew Shaw, Naitik Sheth, Ashutosh Shukla, Eric C. Siddall, Theodore M. Sievers, Edward D. Siew, Kai Singbartl, Mervyn Singer, Pooja Singh, Loren E. Smith, Sachin S. Soni, Mara Serrano Soto, Herbert D. Spapen, Nattachai Srisawat, Ajay Srivastava, Giovanni Stellin, Jordan M. Symons, Balazs Szamosfalvi, Kian Bun Tai, Unmesh V. Takalkar, Isaac Teitelbaum, Ciro Tetta, Charuhas V. Thakar, Marta Tonon, Francesco Trepiccione, Darrell Triulzi, Chopra Tushar, Shigehiko Uchino, Ali Valika, Wim Van Biesen, Wim Vandenberghe, Raymond Vanholder, Jill Vanmassenhove, Anton Verbine, Marco Vergano, Gianluca Villa, Pierre-Marc Villeneuve, Jean-Louis Vincent, Christophe Vinsonneau, Grazia Maria Virzì, Federico Visconti, Ravindran Visvanathan, Li Van Vong, Hans-Dieter Walmrath, Peter A. Ward, Matthew A. Weir, Xiaoyan Wen, Julia Wendon, James Frank Winchester, Adrian Wong, Elke L. Woodhouse, Jun Xue, Anju Yadav, Preethi Yerram, Lenar Yessayan, Jane Y. Yeun, Alex W. Yu, Marta Zaccaria, Miriam Zacchia, Teena P. Zachariah, Nereo Zamperetti, Fernando G. Zampieri, Pierluigi Zanco, Alberto Zanella, Luca Zanoli, Michael Zappitelli, Jose J. Zaragoza, Alexander Zarbock, Marta Zaroccolo, Han Zhang, and Andrea Zimmer

Published
2019

11. Immunologic and Infectious Complications of Acute Kidney Injury

Author

Wim Vandenberghe and Eric Hoste

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Acute kidney injury, Inflammation, urologic and male genital diseases, medicine.disease, female genital diseases and pregnancy complications, Pathophysiology, Uremia, End stage renal disease, Malnutrition, Epidemiology, medicine, medicine.symptom, business, Intensive care medicine, Cause of death
Abstract

This chapter provides an overview of the epidemiology of infection in patients with AKI and describes different pathophysiological mechanisms explaining the increased infection risk in AKI patients. Infection is one of the most important causes of morbidity, hospitalization, costs, and mortality in end stage renal disease patients. In patients with acute kidney injury (AKI), there is considerably less data available. Up to 87% of RRT patients experience an episode of infection during their ICU stay with a two-fold higher odds for development bloodstream infection. A multicenter prospective trial conducted in Madrid identified infection as the cause of death in 40% of ICU patients with severe AKI. Contributing factors for infection in AKI involves pathophysiological mechanisms including inflammation, acidosis, uremia, volume overload, malnutrition, immunological disturbances, inadequate absorption of medication, all leading to local and systemic effects. Organ cross-talks, known as the influence of organs on each other, plays an important pathophysiological role in development of infection in AKI patients.

Published
2019

12. Beta burst coupling across the motor circuit in Parkinson's disease

Author

Marie-Laure Welter, Yann Duclos, Jean Régis, Petra Fischer, Romain Carron, Alexandre Eusebio, Wim Vandenberghe, Tatiana Witjas, Flavie Torrecillos, Jean-Philippe Azulay, Alek Pogosyan, Huiling Tan, Peter Brown, Carine Karachi, Bart Nuttin, and Gerd Tinkhauser

Subjects
Male, 0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_treatment, Parkinson's disease, Local field potential, Electroencephalography, Basal Ganglia, 0302 clinical medicine, BASAL GANGLIA, Basal ganglia, Basal ganglia-cortical network, Beta bursts, Beta Rhythm, 610 Medicine & health, Beta oscillations, Physics, GLOBUS-PALLIDUS, Local field potentials, medicine.diagnostic_test, Motor Cortex, Parkinson Disease, Middle Aged, LOCAL-FIELD POTENTIALS, Subthalamic nucleus, medicine.anatomical_structure, Neurology, SYNCHRONIZATION, MONKEYS, Female, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Motor cortex, DEEP BRAIN-STIMULATION, Deep brain stimulation, Article, lcsh:RC321-571, 03 medical and health sciences, MOVEMENT, Subthalamic Nucleus, medicine, Humans, OSCILLATORY ACTIVITY, Beta (finance), lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, Aged, HUMAN SUBTHALAMIC NUCLEUS, Science & Technology, Neurosciences, 030104 developmental biology, Neurosciences & Neurology, Nerve Net, SENSORIMOTOR CORTEX, Neuroscience, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Exaggerated activity in the beta band (13-35 Hz) is a hallmark of basal ganglia signals in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Beta activity however is not constantly elevated, but comes in bursts. In previous work we showed that the longer beta bursts are maintained, the more the oscillatory synchronisation within the subthalamic nucleus (STN) increases, which is posited to limit the information coding capacity of local circuits. Accordingly, a higher incidence of longer bursts correlates positively with clinical impairment, while the opposite is true for short, more physiological bursts. Here, we test the hypothesis that beta bursts not only indicate local synchronisation within the STN, but also phasic coupling across the motor network and hence entail an even greater restriction of information coding capacity in patients with PD. Local field potentials from the subthalamic nucleus and EEG over the motor cortex area were recorded in nine PD patients after temporary lead externalization after surgery for deep brain stimulation and overnight withdrawal of levodopa. Beta bursts were defined as periods exceeding the 75th percentile of signal amplitude and the coupling between bursts was considered using two distinct measurements, first the % overlapping (%OVL) as a feature of the amplitude coupling and secondly the phase synchrony index (PSI) to measure the phase coupling between regions. %OVL between STN and cortex and between the left and the right STN was higher than expected between the regions than if they had been independent. Similarly, PSI was higher during bursts as opposed to non-bursts periods. In addition, %OVL was greater for long compared to short bursts. Our results support the hypothesis that beta bursts involve long-range coupling between structures in the basal ganglia-cortical network. The impact of this is greater during long as opposed to short duration beta bursts. Accordingly, we posit that episodes of simultaneously elevated coupling across multiple structures in the basal ganglia-cortical circuit further limit information coding capacity and may have further impact upon motor impairment. ispartof: NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE vol:117 pages:217-225 ispartof: location:United States status: published

Published
2018

13. Cannabinoids and Huntington’s disease

Author

Rawaha Ahmad, Mathieu Vandenbulcke, Wim Vandenberghe, Cindy Casteels, and Koen Van Laere

Subjects
Cannabinoid receptor, Chemistry, medicine.medical_treatment, Neurotransmission, medicine.disease, Endocannabinoid system, Huntington's disease, medicine, Cannabinoid receptor type 2, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), Cannabinoid, Receptor, Neuroscience, Neuroinflammation
Abstract

The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is a ubiquitous modulatory neurotransmission system in the brain. It consists of a family of naturally occurring lipids, the endocannabinoids, of transport and degradation proteins, and of cannabinoid receptors. Experimental evidence points towards an important role of the type 1 cannabinoid (CB1) receptor in the pathogenesis of Huntington’s disease (HD) in multiple disease domains, including motor, cognitive, and behavioral aspects. Also, the type 2 cannabinoid (CB2) receptor is part of an endogenous mechanism of defense that is involved in neuroinflammation. In this chapter, we provide an overview of the role of the ECS in the pathophysiology of HD. We focus on molecular imaging using PET for visualization and quantitative assessment of CB1 and CB2 receptors.

Published
2015

14. List of Contributors

Author

Sherif Abdelmessih, Rawaha Ahmad, Robert E. Blair, Raphael J. Braga, Veronica A. Campbell, Plinio C. Casarotto, Cindy Casteels, Samuel R. Chamberlain, Kwang H. Choi, Ruth Concannon, Maria L. de Ceballos, Eva de Lago, Maria Antonietta De Luca, Robert J. DeLorenzo, Laxmikant S. Deshpande, Eilís Dowd, Francisco Espejo-Porras, Paola Fadda, Steven G. Fagan, Liana Fattore, Javier Fernández-Ruiz, David P. Finn, Walter Fratta, Frances H. Gabbay, Felipe V. Gomes, Jon E. Grant, Rosaria Greco, Francisco S. Guimarães, Hiroki Ishiguro, F. Markus Leweke, Qing-Rong Liu, Anil Malhotra, Vincenzo Di Marzo, Ciara McCabe, Miguel Moreno-Martet, Kirsten R. Müller-Vahl, Brian L. Odlaug, Emmanuel S. Onaivi, Tommy Pattij, Fabiana Piscitelli, Cathrin Rohleder, Valentina Satta, Maria Scherma, Cristina Tassorelli, Juliana Tseng, Robert J. Ursano, Koen Van Laere, Wim Vandenberghe, Mathieu Vandenbulcke, Benjamin J. Whalley, Claire M. Williams, Joost Wiskerke, and Gary H. Wynn

Published
2015

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