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Introduction: The preoperative skin antiseptic, olanexidine gluconate (OLG), which has been available in Japan since 2015, is also known to be effective against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, vancomycin-resistant enterococci, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This study attempted to clarify OLG efficacy against surgical site infections and antiseptic-related adverse events as compared to conventionally used povidone iodine (PVP-I)., Methods: Propensity score matching was performed on 307 patients who underwent surgery for colorectal tumors at our hospital. All 116 cases (58 PVP-I cases, 58 OLG cases) who were diagnosed with colorectal cancer were included. We examined surgical site infection rate after disinfection using PVP-I and OLG, length of hospitalization stay (days) after surgery, adverse events associated with antiseptics, and additional medical costs associated with adverse events caused by antiseptics., Results: The surgical site infection rate was 8.6% in both the PVP-I and OLG groups, with no significant difference observed. The number of postoperative hospitalization days in the PVP-I group was 12.9 (±6.9) days and 16.4 (±14.6) days in the OLG group, which exhibited no significant difference (p = 0.10). Although no complications due to antiseptics were observed in the PVP-I group, skin-related side effects were observed in 8 patients (13.8%) in the OLG group. The median additional medical cost was 730 [120-1823] yen., Conclusions: OLG was as effective as the conventional PVP-I for surgical site infections during colorectal cancer elective surgery. However, significantly higher skin disorders occurred in OLG, thereby making it necessary to evaluate antiseptic use in conjunction with patient burden., (Copyright © 2021 Japanese Society of Chemotherapy and The Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Homeodomain-only protein X (HOPX)-β promoter methylation was recently shown to be frequent in human cancers and was suggested as tumor suppressor gene in esophageal and gastric cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanistic roles of HOPX-β promoter methylation and its clinical relevance in colorectal cancer (CRC). HOPX-β promoter methylation was assessed in human CRC cell lines and 294 CRC tissues. HOPX mRNA and protein levels were measured in relation to HOPX-β promoter methylation. The effects of forced HOPX expression on tumorigenesis were studied using in vitro and in vivo assays. The association between HOPX-β promoter methylation and clinical relevance of CRC patients was determined. HOPX-β promoter methylation is cancer-specific and frequently found in CRC cell lines and tissues, resulting in the down-regulation of HOPX mRNA and protein levels. In CRC cell lines, forced expression of HOPX suppressed proliferation, invasion, and anchorage-independent growth. DNA microarray analyses suggested critical downstream genes that are associated with cancer cell proliferation, invasion or angiogenesis. In a mouse xenograft model, HOPX inhibited tumorigenesis and angiogenesis. Finally, HOPX-β promoter methylation was associated with worse prognosis of stage III CRC patients (hazard ratio= 1.40, P = .035) and also with poor differentiation (P = .014). In conclusion, HOPX-β promoter methylation is a frequent and cancer-specific event in CRC progression. This epigenetic alteration may have clinical ramifications in the diagnosis and treatment of CRC patients.