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The novel object recognition test (NOR) has been exploited to investigate the effects of drugs and the role of their receptors in different stages of memory formation. We review here the roles of the seven serotonin receptors (5-HTRs) in acquisition, consolidation and retrieval using NOR. Evidences from the literature show unambiguous involvement of 5-HT4R in acquisition and of 5-HT2A, 5-HT2C, 5-HT6 and 5-HT7 in both consolidation and retrieval. There are however, some inconsistencies concerning the nature of the modulation of memory processes (facilitation obtained with both 5-HT6R agonist and antagonist, for example). For the other receptors, the evidences are less clear-cut and further investigations are needed. NOR proved to be very sensitive to 5-HT modulation, and pharmacological manipulation of the memory processes may prove useful in determining a specific drug target for treating memory dysfunctions.