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1. Cardiac assessment and inflammatory markers in children with paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV2 (PIMS-TS) treated with methylprednisolone versus intravenous immunoglobulins: 6-month follow-up outcomes of the randomised controlled Swissped RECOVERY trialResearch in context

Author

Maya C. Andre, Carlos Sanchez, Sabrina Bressieux-Degueldre, Marie-Helene Perez, Daniela Wütz, Geraldine Blanchard-Rohner, Serge Grazioli, Nina Schöbi, Johannes Trück, Tatjana Welzel, Andrew Atkinson, Luregn J. Schlapbach, Julia Bielicki, Henrik Koehler, Spyridoula Gysi, Indra Janz, Andreas Bieri, Birgit Donner, Jürg Hammer, Ulrich Heininger, Clemens von Kalckreuth, Malte Kohns, Nicole Mettauer, Alexandra Meyer, Diana Reppucci, Chloé Schlaeppi, Daniel Trachsel, Nina Vaezipour, Andreas Woerner, Andreas Zutter, Federica Vanoni, Lisa Kottanattu, Calogero Mazzara, Alessia Severi Conti, Christoph Aebi, Philipp Agyeman, Andrea Duppenthaler, Martin Glöckler, Sabine Pallivathukal, Thomas Riedel, Petra Zimmermann, Hong-Phuc Cudré-Cung, Mladen Pavlovic, Alice Bordessoule, Anne-Laure Martin, Angelo Polito, Noemie Wagner, Marie Rohr, Arnaud L'Huillier, Vivianne Amiet, Thomas Ferry, David Longchamp, Julia Natterer, Rebecca Oppenheim, Michael Hofer, Michael Buettcher, Katharina Wechselberger, Alex Donas, Sara Germann, Michaela Lütolf Erni, Daniela Kaiser, Katharina Schwendener Scholl, Hans Peter Kuen, Katja Hrup, Janine Stritt, Douggl G.N. Bailey, Tanja Wachinger, Ingrid Beck, André Birkenmaier, Bjarte Rogdo, Philip Lorenz, Ivo Iglowstein, Konstanze Zöhrer, Martin Flade, Seraina Prader, Jana Pachlopnik Schmid, Michelle Seiler, Patrick Meyer Sauteur, Barbara Brotschi, Kathrin Weber, Elizabeth Whittaker, and Saul N. Faust

Subjects
Children, Immunoglobulins, PIMS-TS, Methylprednisolone, RCT, Coronary artery aneurysm, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Summary: Background: Previous findings from the Swissped RECOVERY trial showed that patients with Pediatric Inflammatory Multisystem Syndrome–Temporally Associated with SARS-CoV-2 (PIMS-TS) who were randomly assigned to intravenous immunoglobulins or methylprednisolone have a comparable length of hospital stay. Here, we report the 6-month follow-up outcomes of cardiac pathologies and normalisation of clinical or laboratory signs of inflammation from this study population. Methods: This pre-planned follow-up of patients with PIMS-TS included the Swissped RECOVERY Trial reports on the 6-month outcomes of the cohort after randomisation, with a focus on cardiac, haematological, and biochemical findings. The trial was an investigator-initiated randomised multicentre open-label two-arm trial in children and adolescents hospitalised with PIMS-TS at ten hospitals in Switzerland. Cardiological assessments and laboratory analyses were prospectively collected in the intention-to-treat analysis on pre-defined intervals after hospital discharge. Differences between randomised arms were investigated using Chi-square test for categorical and Wilcoxon test for continuous variables. The trial is registered with the Swiss National Clinical Trials Portal (SNCTP000004720) and ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04826588). Findings: Between May 21, 2021 and April 15, 2022, 75 patients with a median age of 9.1 years (IQR 6.2–12.2) were included in the intention-to-treat population (37 in the methylprednisolone group and 38 in the intravenous immunoglobulin group). During follow-up, the incidence of abnormal left ventricular systolic function, coronary artery aneurysms (CAA), and other signs of inflammation were comparable in both groups. However, we detected cardiac abnormalities with low incidence and a mild degree grade of pathology. CAAs were observed in 2/38 children (5.3%) in the IVIG group and 1/37 children (2.7%) in the methylprednisolone group at 6-month follow-up (difference proportion 0.75; 95% confidence interval (CI) −0.05 to 1.0; p = 0.39). Interpretation: Methylprednisolone alone may be an acceptable first-line treatment as left ventricular systolic dysfunction and clinical/laboratory evidence for inflammation quickly resolved in all children. However, our findings need further confirmation through larger studies as our sample size is likely to be of insufficient power to address rare clinically relevant adverse outcomes. Funding: NOMIS, Vontobel, and Gaydoul Foundation.

Published
2024
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2. Relationship between molecular pathogen detection and clinical disease in febrile children across Europe: a multicentre, prospective observational studyResearch in context

Author

Priyen Shah, Marie Voice, Leonides Calvo-Bado, Irene Rivero-Calle, Sophie Morris, Ruud Nijman, Claire Broderick, Tisham De, Irini Eleftheriou, Rachel Galassini, Aakash Khanijau, Laura Kolberg, Mojca Kolnik, Aleksandra Rudzate, Manfred G. Sagmeister, Nina A. Schweintzger, Fatou Secka, Clare Thakker, Fabian van der Velden, Clementien Vermont, Katarina Vincek, Philipp K.A. Agyeman, Aubrey J. Cunnington, Ronald De Groot, Marieke Emonts, Katy Fidler, Taco W. Kuijpers, Marine Mommert-Tripon, Karen Brengel-Pesce, Francois Mallet, Henriette Moll, Stéphane Paulus, Marko Pokorn, Andrew Pollard, Luregn J. Schlapbach, Ching-Fen Shen, Maria Tsolia, Effua Usuf, Michiel van der Flier, Ulrich von Both, Shunmay Yeung, Dace Zavadska, Werner Zenz, Victoria Wright, Enitan D. Carrol, Myrsini Kaforou, Federico Martinon-Torres, Colin Fink, Michael Levin, Jethro Herberg, Irene Rivero Calle, Manfred Sagmeister, Nina Schweintzger, Fabian Van der Velden, Taco Kuijpers, Michiel Van der Flier, Ulrich Von Both, Lucas Baumard, Evangelos Bellos, Lachlan Coin, Giselle D'Souza, Dominic Habgood-Coote, Shea Hamilton, Cllive Hoggart, Sara Hourmat, Heather Jackson, Naomi Lin, Stephanie Menikou, Samuel Nichols, Ivonne Pena Paz, Oliver Powell, Ortensia Vito, Clare Wilson, Amina Abdulla, Ladan Ali, Sarah Darnell, Rikke Jorgensen, Ian Maconochie, Sobia Mustafa, Salina Persand, Ben Walsh, Molly Stevens, Nayoung Kim, Eunjung Kim, Benjamin Pierce, Julia Dudley, Vivien Richmond, Emma Tavliavini, Ching-Chuan Liu, Shih-Min Wang, Fernando Álves González, Cristina Balo Farto, Ruth Barral-Arca, María Barreiro Castro, Xabier Bello, Mirian Ben García, Sandra Carnota, Miriam Cebey-López, María José Curras-Tuala, Carlos Durán Suárez, Luisa García Vicente, Alberto Gómez-Carballa, Jose Gómez Rial, Pilar Leboráns Iglesias, Nazareth Martinón-Torres, José María Martinón Sánchez, Belén Mosquera Pérez, Jacobo Pardo-Seco, Lidia Piñeiro Rodríguez, Sara Pischedda, Sara Ray Vázquez, Carmen Rodríguez-Tenreiro, Lorenzo Redondo-Collazo, Miguel Sadiki Ora, Antonio Sallas, Sonia Serén Fernández, Cristina Serén Trasorras, Marisol Vilas Iglesias, Anda Balode, Arta Bãrdzdina, Dãrta Deksne, Dace Gardovska, Dagne Grãvele, Ilze Grope, Anija Meiere, Ieve Nokalna, Jana Pavãre, Zanda Pučuka, Katrīna Selecka, Dace Svile, Urzula Nora Urbãne, Kalifa Bojang, Syed M.A. Zaman, Suzanne Anderson, Anna Roca, Isatou Sarr, Momodou Saidykhan, Saffiatou Darboe, Samba Ceesay, Umberto D'alessandro, Dorine M. Borensztajn, Nienke N. Hagedoorn, Chantal Tal, Joany Zachariasse, W. Dik, Christoph Aebi, Christoph Berger, Verena Wyss, Mariama Usman, Eric Giannoni, Martin Stocker, Klara M. Posfay-Barbe, Ulrich Heininger, Sara Bernhard-Stirnemann, Anita Niederer-Loher, Christian Kahlert, Giancarlo Natalucci, Christa Relly, Thomas Riedel, Elizabeth Cocklin, Rebecca Jennings, Joanne Johnson, Simon Leigh, Karen Newall, Sam Romaine, Maria Tambouratzi, Antonis Marmarinos, Marietta Xagorari, Kelly Syggelou, Nikos Spyridis, Jennifer Blackmore, Rebekah Harrison, Benno Kohlmaier, Daniela S. Kohlfürst, Christoph Zurl, Alexander Binder, Susanne Hösele, Manuel Leitner, Lena Pölz, Glorija Rajic, Sebastian Bauchinger, Hinrich Baumgart, Martin Benesch, Astrid Ceolotto, Ernst Eber, Siegfried Gallisti, Gunther Gores, Harald Haidl, Almuthe Hauer, Christa Hude, Markus Keldorfer, Larissa Krenn, Heidemarie Pilch, Andreas Pfleger, Klaus Pfurtscheller, Gudrun Nordberg, Tobias Niedrist, Siegfried Rödl, Andrea Skrabl-Baumgartner, Matthias Sperl, Laura Stampfer, Volker Strenger, Holger Till, Andreas Trobisch, Sabine Löffler, Juan Emmanuel Dewez, Martin Hibberd, David Bath, Alec Miners, Elizabeth Fitchett, Catherine Wedderburn, Anne Meierford, Baptiste Leurent, Marien I. De Jonge, Koen van Aerde, Wynand Alkema, Bryan van den Broek, Jolein Gloerich, Alain J. Van Gool, Stefanie Henriet, Martijn Huijnen, Ria Philipsen, Esther Willems, G.P.J.M. Gerrits, M. Van Leur, J. Heidema, L. De Haan, C.J. Miedema, C. Neeleman, C.C. Obihara, G.A. Tramper-Stranders, Rama Kandasamy, Michael J. Carter, Daniel O'Connor, Sagida Bibi, Dominic F. Kelly, Meeru Gurung, Stephen Throson, Imran Ansari, David R. Murdoch, Shrijana Shrestha, Zoe Oliver, Emma Lim, Lucille Valentine, Karen Allen, Kathryn Bell, Adora Chan, Stephen Crulley, Kirsty Devine, Daniel Fabian, Sharon King, Paul McAlinden, Sam McDonald, Anne McDonell, Alisa Pickering, Evelyn Thomson, Amanda Wood, Diane Wallia, Phil Woodsford, Frances Baxter, Ashley Bell, Mathew Rhodes, Rachel Agbeko, Christine Mackerness, Bryan Baas, Lieke Kloosterhuis, Wilma Oosthoek, Tasnim Arif, Joshua Bennet, Kalvin Collings, Ilona Van der Giessen, Alex Martin, Aqeela Rashid, Emily Rowlands, Joshua Soon, Gabriella De Vries, Mike Martin, Ravi Mistry, Manuela Zwerenz, Judith Buschbeck, Christoph Bidlingmaier, Vera Binder, Katharina Danhauser, Nikolaus Haas, Matthias Griese, Matthias Kappler, Eberhard Lurz, Georg Muench, Karl Reiter, Carola Schoen, Alexandre Pachot, Marine Mommert, Tina Plankar Srovin, Natalija Bahovec, Petra Prunk, Veronika Osterman, Tanja Avramoska, Ilse Jongerius, J.M. van den Berg, D. Schonenberg, A.M. Barendregt, D. Pajkrt, M. van der Kuip, A.M. van Furth, Evelien Sprenkeler, Judith Zandstra, G. van Mierlo, and J. Geissler

Subjects
Molecular diagnostics, Diagnostic, Febrile illness, Infectious disease, Bacterial, Viral, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Summary: Background: The PERFORM study aimed to understand causes of febrile childhood illness by comparing molecular pathogen detection with current clinical practice. Methods: Febrile children and controls were recruited on presentation to hospital in 9 European countries 2016–2020. Each child was assigned a standardized diagnostic category based on retrospective review of local clinical and microbiological data. Subsequently, centralised molecular tests (CMTs) for 19 respiratory and 27 blood pathogens were performed. Findings: Of 4611 febrile children, 643 (14%) were classified as definite bacterial infection (DB), 491 (11%) as definite viral infection (DV), and 3477 (75%) had uncertain aetiology. 1061 controls without infection were recruited. CMTs detected blood bacteria more frequently in DB than DV cases for N. meningitidis (OR: 3.37, 95% CI: 1.92–5.99), S. pneumoniae (OR: 3.89, 95% CI: 2.07–7.59), Group A streptococcus (OR 2.73, 95% CI 1.13–6.09) and E. coli (OR 2.7, 95% CI 1.02–6.71). Respiratory viruses were more common in febrile children than controls, but only influenza A (OR 0.24, 95% CI 0.11–0.46), influenza B (OR 0.12, 95% CI 0.02–0.37) and RSV (OR 0.16, 95% CI: 0.06–0.36) were less common in DB than DV cases. Of 16 blood viruses, enterovirus (OR 0.43, 95% CI 0.23–0.72) and EBV (OR 0.71, 95% CI 0.56–0.90) were detected less often in DB than DV cases. Combined local diagnostics and CMTs respectively detected blood viruses and respiratory viruses in 360 (56%) and 161 (25%) of DB cases, and virus detection ruled-out bacterial infection poorly, with predictive values of 0.64 and 0.68 respectively. Interpretation: Most febrile children cannot be conclusively defined as having bacterial or viral infection when molecular tests supplement conventional approaches. Viruses are detected in most patients with bacterial infections, and the clinical value of individual pathogen detection in determining treatment is low. New approaches are needed to help determine which febrile children require antibiotics. Funding: EU Horizon 2020 grant 668303.

Published
2023
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3. Impact of infection on proteome-wide glycosylation revealed by distinct signatures for bacterial and viral pathogens

Author

Esther Willems, Jolein Gloerich, Anouk Suppers, Michiel van der Flier, Lambert P. van den Heuvel, Nicole van de Kar, Ria H.L.A. Philipsen, Maurice van Dael, Myrsini Kaforou, Victoria J. Wright, Jethro A. Herberg, Federico Martinon Torres, Michael Levin, Ronald de Groot, Alain J. van Gool, Dirk J. Lefeber, Hans J.C.T. Wessels, Marien I. de Jonge, Amina Abdulla, Christoph Aebi, Koen van Aerde, Rachel Agbeko, Philipp Agyeman, Umberto D’alessandro, Ladan Ali, Wynand Alkema, Karen Allen, Fernando Álvez González, Suzanne Anderson, Imran Ansari, Tasnim Araf, Tanja Avramoska, Bryan Baas, Natalija Bahovec, Cristina Balo Farto, Anda Balode, A.M. Barendregt, Ruth Barral-Arca, María Barreiro Castro, Arta Bārzdiņa, David Bath, Sebastian Bauchinger, Lucas Baumard, Hinrich Baumgart, Frances Baxter, Ashley Bell, Kathryn Bell, Xabier Bello, Evangelos Bellos, Martin Benesch, Mirian Ben García, Joshua Bennet, Christoph Berger, J.M. van den Berg, Sara Bernhard-Stirnemann, Sagida Bibi, Christoph Bidlingmaier, Alexander Binder, Vera Binder, Kalifa Bojang, Dorine M. Borensztajn, Ulrich von Both, Karen Brengel-Pesce, Bryan van den Broek, Judith Buschbeck, Leo Calvo-Bado, Sandra Carnota, Enitan D. Carrol, Michael J. Carter, Miriam Cebey-López, Samba Ceesay, Astrid Ceolotto, Adora Chan, Elizabeth Cocklin, Kalvin Collings, Stephen Crulley, Aubrey Cunnington, María José Curras-Tuala, Katharina Danhauser, Saffiatou Darboe, Sarah Darnell, Tisham De, Dārta Deksne, Kirsty Devine, Juan Emmanuel Dewez, Julia Dudley, Carlos Durán Suárez, Ernst Eber, Irini Eleftheriou, Marieke Emonts, Daniel Fabian, Tobias Feuchtinger, Katy Fidler, Colin Fink, A.M. van Furth, Rachel Galassini, Siegfried Gallistl, Luisa García Vicente, Dace Gardovska, J. Geissler, G.P.J.M. Gerrits, Eric Giannoni, Ilona van der Giessen, Alberto Gómez-Carballa, Jose Gómez Rial, Gunther Gores, Dagne Grāvele, Matthias Griese, Ilze Grope, Meeru Gurung, L. de Haan, Nikolaus Haas, Dominic Habgood-Coote, Nienke N. Hagedoorn, Harald Haidl, Shea Hamilton, Almuthe Hauer, J. Heidema, Ulrich Heininger, Stefanie Henriet, Jethro Herberg, Clive Hoggart, Susanne Hösele, Sara Hourmat, Christa Hude, Martijn Huijnen, Heather Jackson, Rebecca Jennings, Joanne Johnston, Ilse Jongerius, Rikke Jorgensen, Christian Kahlert, Rama Kandasamy, Matthias Kappler, Julia Keil, Markus Keldorfer, Dominic F. Kell, Eunjung Kim, Sharon King, Lieke Kloosterhuis, Daniela S. Kohlfürst, Benno Kohlmaier, Laura Kolberg, Mojca Kolnik, Larissa Krenn, Taco Kuijpers, M. van der Kuip, Pilar Leboráns Iglesias, Simon Leigh, Manuel Leitner, M. van Leur, Emma Lim, Naomi Lin, Ching-Chuan Liu, Sabine Löffler, Eberhard Lurz, Ian Maconochie, Christine Mackerness, François Mallet, Federico Martinón-Torres, Antonis Marmarinos, Alex Martin, Mike Martin, José María Martinón Sánchez, Nazareth Martinón-Torres, Paul McAlinden, Anne McDonnell, Sam McDonald, C.J. Miedema, Anija Meiere, Stephanie Menikou, G. van Mierlo, Alec Miners, Ravi Mistry, Henriëtte A. Moll, Marine Mommert, Belén Mosquera Pérez, David R. Murdoch, Sobia Mustafa, Giancarlo Natalucci, C. Neeleman, Karen Newall, Samuel Nichols, Tobias Niedrist, Anita Niederer-Loher, Ruud Nijman, Ieva Nokalna, Urzula Nora Urbāne, Gudrun Nordberg, C.C. Obihara, Daniel O'Connor, Wilma Oosthoek, Veronika Osterman, Alexandre Pachot, D. Pajkrt, Jacobo Pardo-Seco, Stéphane Paulus, Jana Pavāre, Ivonne Pena Paz, Salina Persand, Andreas Pfleger, Klaus Pfurtscheller, Ria Philipsen, Ailsa Pickering, Benjamin Pierce, Heidemarie Pilch, Lidia Piñeiro Rodríguez, Sara Pischedda, Tina Plankar Srovin, Marko Pokorn, Andrew J. Pollard, Lena Pölz, Klara M. Posfay-Barbe, Petra Prunk, Zanda Pučuka, Glorija Rajic, Aqeela Rashid, Lorenzo Redondo-Collazo, Christa Relly, Irene Rivero Calle, Sara Rey Vázquez, Mathew Rhodes, Vivien Richmond, Thomas Riedel, Anna RocaIsatou Sarr, Siegfried Rödl, Carmen Rodríguez-Tenreiro, Sam Romaine, Emily Rowlands, Miguel Sadiki Ora, Manfred G. Sagmeister, Momodou Saidykhan, Antonio Salas, Luregn J. Schlapbach, D. Schonenberg, Fatou Secka, Katrīna Selecka, Sonia Serén Fernández, Cristina Serén Trasorras, Priyen Shah, Ching-Fen Shen, Shrijana Shrestha, Aleksandra Sidorova, Andrea Skrabl-Baumgartner, Giselle D’Souza, Matthias Sperl, Evelien Sprenkeler, Nina A. Schweintzger, Laura Stampfer, Molly Stevens, Martin Stocker, Volker Strenger, Dace Svile, Kelly Syggelou, Maria Tambouratzi, Chantal Tan, Emma Tavliavini, Evelyn Thomson, Stephen Thorson, Holger Till, G.A. Tramper-Stranders, Andreas Trobisch, Maria Tsolia, Effua Usuf, Lucille Valentine, Clementien L. Vermont, Marisol Vilas Iglesias, Katarina Vincek, Marie Voice, Gabriella de Vries, Diane Wallia, Shih-Min Wang, Clare Wilson, Amanda Wood, Phil Woodsford, Victoria Wright, Marietta Xagorari, Shunmay Yeung, Joany Zachariasse, Dace Zavadska, Syed M.A. Zaman, Judith Zandstra, Werner Zenz, Christoph Zurl, and Manuela Zwerenz

Subjects
Health sciences, Glycobiology, Immunology, Glycomics, Science
Abstract

Summary: Mechanisms of infection and pathogenesis have predominantly been studied based on differential gene or protein expression. Less is known about posttranslational modifications, which are essential for protein functional diversity. We applied an innovative glycoproteomics method to study the systemic proteome-wide glycosylation in response to infection. The protein site-specific glycosylation was characterized in plasma derived from well-defined controls and patients. We found 3862 unique features, of which we identified 463 distinct intact glycopeptides, that could be mapped to more than 30 different proteins. Statistical analyses were used to derive a glycopeptide signature that enabled significant differentiation between patients with a bacterial or viral infection. Furthermore, supported by a machine learning algorithm, we demonstrated the ability to identify the causative pathogens based on the distinctive host blood plasma glycopeptide signatures. These results illustrate that glycoproteomics holds enormous potential as an innovative approach to improve the interpretation of relevant biological changes in response to infection.

Published
2023
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4. Pertussis vaccination in mixed markets: Recommendations from the Global Pertussis Initiative

Author

Amar J. Chitkara, Mónica Pujadas Ferrer, Kevin Forsyth, Nicole Guiso, Ulrich Heininger, Daniela Flavia Hozbor, Rudzani Muloiwa, Tina Q. Tan, Usa Thisyakorn, and C.H. Wirsing von König

Subjects
Pertussis, Vaccines, Whole-cell, Acellular, Interchangeability, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

The Global Pertussis Initiative is an expert scientific forum that publishes consensus recommendations concerning pertussis for many regions of the world. Here, we give recommendations for the primary vaccination of infants in those countries where whole-cell pertussis (wP)- and acellular pertussis (aP)-containing combination vaccines are used in parallel. A selective literature review was performed concerning the influence on safety, immunogenicity, and effectiveness of mixing wP- and aP-containing vaccines for primary immunization of infants. In addition, local data were collected from various countries and the results discussed in a face-to-face meeting. Very few data addressing issues of mixing combination vaccines were identified, and no data were available concerning the effectiveness or duration of protection. It was also found that pharmacovigilance data are scarce or lacking in those countries where they would be needed the most. We then identified frequent problems occurring in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) where both vaccine types are used. Relying on local knowledge, we give practical recommendations for a variety of situations in different settings. Specific needs for additional data addressing these issues were also identified. International bodies, such as the World Health Organization (WHO), as well as vaccine producers should try to find ways to highlight the problems of mixing wP- and aP-containing combination vaccines with robust data. Countries are urged to improve on their pharmacovigilance for vaccines. For practicing physicians, our recommendations offer guidance when wP- and aP-containing vaccines are used in parallel during primary immunization.

Published
2020
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5. Pertussis vaccination in mixed markets: Recommendations from the Global Pertussis Initiative

Author

Rudzani Muloiwa, Nicole Guiso, Amar J. Chitkara, Mónica Pujadas Ferrer, Kevin D. Forsyth, C. H. Wirsing von König, Daniela Flavia Hozbor, Tina Q. Tan, Usa Thisyakorn, and Ulrich Heininger

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Microbiology (medical), medicine.medical_specialty, Whooping Cough, Biología, 030106 microbiology, Primary vaccination, World Health Organization, World health, Combination vaccines, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Pertussis, Pharmacovigilance, medicine, Humans, Pertussis vaccination, lcsh:RC109-216, 030212 general & internal medicine, Interchangeability, Duration (project management), Poverty, Pertussis Vaccine, Vaccines, Whole-cell, Vaccination, General Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Acellular, Family medicine, Primary immunization, Business, Acellular pertussis
Abstract

The Global Pertussis Initiative is an expert scientific forum that publishes consensus recommendations concerning pertussis for many regions of the world. Here, we give recommendations for the primary vaccination of infants in those countries where whole-cell pertussis (wP)- and acellular pertussis (aP)-containing combination vaccines are used in parallel. A selective literature review was performed concerning the influence on safety, immunogenicity, and effectiveness of mixing wP- and aP-containing vaccines for primary immunization of infants. In addition, local data were collected from various countries and the results discussed in a face-to-face meeting. Very few data addressing issues of mixing combination vaccines were identified, and no data were available concerning the effectiveness or duration of protection. It was also found that pharmacovigilance data are scarce or lacking in those countries where they would be needed the most. We then identified frequent problems occurring in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) where both vaccine types are used. Relying on local knowledge, we give practical recommendations for a variety of situations in different settings. Specific needs for additional data addressing these issues were also identified. International bodies, such as the World Health Organization (WHO), as well as vaccine producers should try to find ways to highlight the problems of mixing wP- and aP-containing combination vaccines with robust data. Countries are urged to improve on their pharmacovigilance for vaccines. For practicing physicians, our recommendations offer guidance when wP- and aP-containing vaccines are used in parallel during primary immunization., Instituto de Biotecnologia y Biologia Molecular

Published
2020

6. Adressen

Author

Dietrich Michalk, Eckhard Schönau, Wiebke Ahrens, Oliver Andres, Hansjosef Böhles, Jürgen H. Brämswig, Ulrich Brandl, Max Braun, Rolf Brenner, Ilse Julia Broekaert, Rainer Büscher, Sebahattin Cirak, Roman Crazzolara, Michael Diestelhorst, Sven Dittrich, Manfred Döpfner, Martin Dübbers, Ibrahim Duran, Stefan Eber, Frank Eifinger, Mathias Emmel, Udo H. Engelmann, Simon U. Engelmann, Oliver Fricke, Gerd Ganser, Alexander von Gontard, Isabelle Graf, Annette Grüters-Kieslich, Rainer Haak, Kathi Hartmann, Berthold P. Hauffa, Ulrich Heininger, Peter Herkenrath, Gerhard Hesse, Michael Hofbeck, Reinhard Holl, Martin Holtmann, Bernd Hoppe, Heike Hoyer-Kuhn, Christoph Hünseler, Hans-Iko Huppertz, Karl-Bernd Hüttenbrink, Klaus-Michael Keller, Sebastian Kerzel, Jan Kirschner, Martin Kirschstein, Günter Klaus, Berthold Koletzko, Sibylle Koletzko, Martin Kömhoff, Martin Konrad, Robert W. Körner, Eberhard Kuwertz-Bröking, Christof Land, Pablo Landgraf, Hans-Jürgen Laws, Michael J. Lentze, Christoph Licht, Esther Lowden, Johannes Luckhaus, Kyriakos Martakis, Klaus Mohnike, Tim Niehues, Eva Nüsken, Kai-Dietrich Nüsken, Walter Nützenadel, Ekkehart Paditz, Karl Paul-Buck, Uwe Querfeld, Michael B. Ranke, Wolfgang Rascher, Mirko Rehberg, Frank Riedel, Max J. Scheyerer, Gerhard Schmalz, David Schorling, Bernd C. Schwahn, Tobias Schwarz, Lothar Schweigerer, Hannsjörg Seyberth, Thorsten Simon, Gernot H.G. Sinnecker, Stephan Sollberg, Wolfgang Sperl, Georg Mathias Sprinzl, Narayanswami Sreeram, Anne Kathrin Striegel, Verena Strunz, Martin Wabitsch, Siegfried Waldegger, Martin Walger, Hasso von Wedel, Michael Weiß, Thomas Wiesner, Stefan Wirth, Ayla Yagdiran, Joachim E. Zöller, and T. Zuberbier

Published
2021
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7. COVID-19 in children and adolescents in Europe: a multinational, multicentre cohort study

Author

Benoît Bernar, Astrid Rojahn, Laura Jones, Elisabeth Schölvinck, Robin Kobbe, Laura Lancella, Delane Shingadia, Fiona Shackley, Lynne McFetridge, Conor Doherty, Cornelius Rau, Nicolaus Schwerk, Oksana Kozdoba, Koen Vanden Driessche, Arnaud G L'Huillier, Jasmin Pfefferle, Srini Bandi, R Song, Andreia Ribeiro, Ivan Solovic, Jonathan P. Glenthoej, Ulrich Heininger, Susana Melendo, Tine Boiy, Uros Krivec, An Bael, Luca Pierantoni, Edda Haberlandt, Miguel Lanaspa, Noémie Wagner, Andrea Lo Vecchio, Francesc Ripoll, Lise Heilmann Jensen, Piero Valentini, Anita Niederer, Roland Berger, Nicole Ritz, Aida M. Gutiérrez-Sánchez, Christelle Christiaens, Franziska Zucol, Katy Fidler, Jolanta Bernatoniene, Anna Starshinova, Volker Strenger, Claus Klingenberg, Ilona Lind, Clare S. Murray, Angela Zacharasiewicz, Ivan Pavic, Amanda Williams, Christina Thir, Vera Chechenyeva, Karsten Kötz, Stephanie Thee, Laura Buchtala, Danilo Buonsenso, Patrick Gavin, Rimvydas Ivaškevicius, Sara Debulpaep, Francesca Ippolita Calò Carducci, Marine Creuven, Beatriz Soto, Srđan Roglić, Lola Falcón, Yvonne Beuvink, Petra Zimmermann, Petra Schelstraete, Lynne Speirs, Daniela S. Kohlfürst, Antoni Noguera-Julian, Mihhail Tistsenko, Steven B. Welch, Hanna Schmid, Anastasios Smyrnaios, Laura Minguell, Andrew Riordan, Michael Buettcher, Angelika Berger, Isabel Carvalho, Daan Van Brusselen, Inga Ivaškeviciene, Matilde Bustillo, Valentina Vilc, Folke Brinkmann, Nina Krajcar, Olaf Neth, Alicia Demirjian, Matthias Bogyi, Ulle Uustalu, Maria Tsolia, Borja Ibanez, Elisabeth Whittaker, Ariane Biebl, Irini Eleftheriou, Burkhard Simma, Petra Prunk, Borbàla Zsigmond, Veronika Osterman, Zoe Oliver, Antoni Soriano-Arandes, Ulrikka Nygaard, Marcello Lanari, Marc Tebruegge, Olga Bilogortseva, Michael Barker, Svetlana Velizarova, Florian Götzinger, Natalia Gabrovska, Begoña Santiago-García, Benhur Şirvan Çetin, Paddy McMaster, Anna Zschocke, Frances Child, Nick Makwana, Mar Santos, Group, ptbnet COVID-19 Study, Gotzinger F., Santiago-Garcia B., Noguera-Julian A., Lanaspa M., Lancella L., Calo Carducci F.I., Gabrovska N., Velizarova S., Prunk P., Osterman V., Krivec U., Lo Vecchio A., Shingadia D., Soriano-Arandes A., Melendo S., Lanari M., Pierantoni L., Wagner N., L'Huillier A.G., Heininger U., Ritz N., Bandi S., Krajcar N., Roglic S., Santos M., Christiaens C., Creuven M., Buonsenso D., Welch S.B., Bogyi M., Brinkmann F., Tebruegge M., Pfefferle J., Zacharasiewicz A., Berger A., Berger R., Strenger V., Kohlfurst D.S., Zschocke A., Bernar B., Simma B., Haberlandt E., Thir C., Biebl A., Vanden Driessche K., Boiy T., Van Brusselen D., Bael A., Debulpaep S., Schelstraete P., Pavic I., Nygaard U., Glenthoej J.P., Heilmann Jensen L., Lind I., Tistsenko M., Uustalu U., Buchtala L., Thee S., Kobbe R., Rau C., Schwerk N., Barker M., Tsolia M., Eleftheriou I., Gavin P., Kozdoba O., Zsigmond B., Valentini P., Ivaskeviciene I., Ivaskevicius R., Vilc V., Scholvinck E., Rojahn A., Smyrnaios A., Klingenberg C., Carvalho I., Ribeiro A., Starshinova A., Solovic I., Falcon L., Neth O., Minguell L., Bustillo M., Gutierrez-Sanchez A.M., Guarch Ibanez B., Ripoll F., Soto B., Kotz K., Zimmermann P., Schmid H., Zucol F., Niederer A., Buettcher M., Cetin B.S., Bilogortseva O., Chechenyeva V., Demirjian A., Shackley F., McFetridge L., Speirs L., Doherty C., Jones L., McMaster P., Murray C., Child F., Beuvink Y., Makwana N., Whittaker E., Williams A., Fidler K., Bernatoniene J., Song R., Oliver Z., Riordan A., Gotzinger, F., Santiago-Garcia, B., Noguera-Julian, A., Lanaspa, M., Lancella, L., Calo Carducci, F. I., Gabrovska, N., Velizarova, S., Prunk, P., Osterman, V., Krivec, U., Lo Vecchio, A., Shingadia, D., Soriano-Arandes, A., Melendo, S., Lanari, M., Pierantoni, L., Wagner, N., L'Huillier, A. G., Heininger, U., Ritz, N., Bandi, S., Krajcar, N., Roglic, S., Santos, M., Christiaens, C., Creuven, M., Buonsenso, D., Welch, S. B., Bogyi, M., Brinkmann, F., Tebruegge, M., Pfefferle, J., Zacharasiewicz, A., Berger, A., Berger, R., Strenger, V., Kohlfurst, D. S., Zschocke, A., Bernar, B., Simma, B., Haberlandt, E., Thir, C., Biebl, A., Vanden Driessche, K., Boiy, T., Van Brusselen, D., Bael, A., Debulpaep, S., Schelstraete, P., Pavic, I., Nygaard, U., Glenthoej, J. P., Heilmann Jensen, L., Lind, I., Tistsenko, M., Uustalu, U., Buchtala, L., Thee, S., Kobbe, R., Rau, C., Schwerk, N., Barker, M., Tsolia, M., Eleftheriou, I., Gavin, P., Kozdoba, O., Zsigmond, B., Valentini, P., Ivaskeviciene, I., Ivaskevicius, R., Vilc, V., Scholvinck, E., Rojahn, A., Smyrnaios, A., Klingenberg, C., Carvalho, I., Ribeiro, A., Starshinova, A., Solovic, I., Falcon, L., Neth, O., Minguell, L., Bustillo, M., Gutierrez-Sanchez, A. M., Guarch Ibanez, B., Ripoll, F., Soto, B., Kotz, K., Zimmermann, P., Schmid, H., Zucol, F., Niederer, A., Buettcher, M., Cetin, B. S., Bilogortseva, O., Chechenyeva, V., Demirjian, A., Shackley, F., Mcfetridge, L., Speirs, L., Doherty, C., Jones, L., Mcmaster, P., Murray, C., Child, F., Beuvink, Y., Makwana, N., Whittaker, E., Williams, A., Fidler, K., Bernatoniene, J., Song, R., Oliver, Z., and Riordan, A.

Subjects
Male, Delivery of Health Care / organization & administration, medicine.medical_treatment, Coronavirus Infections / therapy, Coronavirus Infections / epidemiology, law.invention, Patient Admission, 0302 clinical medicine, law, Risk Factors, COVID-19, children, Europe, Developmental and Educational Psychology, 030212 general & internal medicine, Child, ddc:618, Intensive care unit, Coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, child, treatment, intensive care, Intensive Care Units, N/A, Child, Preschool, Female, Europe / epidemiology, Coronavirus Infections, Human, Cohort study, medicine.medical_specialty, Pneumonia, Viral / epidemiology, Intensive Care Unit, Pneumonia, Viral, Patient Admission / trends, Intensive Care Units / organization & administration, Article, Follow-Up Studie, 03 medical and health sciences, Betacoronavirus, 030225 pediatrics, Internal medicine, Lower respiratory tract infection, medicine, Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, Humans, Pediatrics, Perinatology, and Child Health, Pandemics, Pneumonia, Viral / therapy, Mechanical ventilation, Betacoronaviru, Coronavirus Infection, business.industry, Risk Factor, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Odds ratio, medicine.disease, ptbnet COVID-19 Study Group, Clinical research, El Niño, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, business, Delivery of Health Care, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

Background To date, few data on paediatric COVID-19 have been published, and most reports originate from China. This study aimed to capture key data on children and adolescents with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection across Europe to inform physicians and health-care service planning during the ongoing pandemic. Methods This multicentre cohort study involved 82 participating health-care institutions across 25 European countries, using a well established research network—the Paediatric Tuberculosis Network European Trials Group (ptbnet)—that mainly comprises paediatric infectious diseases specialists and paediatric pulmonologists. We included all individuals aged 18 years or younger with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, detected at any anatomical site by RT-PCR, between April 1 and April 24, 2020, during the initial peak of the European COVID-19 pandemic. We explored factors associated with need for intensive care unit (ICU) admission and initiation of drug treatment for COVID-19 using univariable analysis, and applied multivariable logistic regression with backwards stepwise analysis to further explore those factors significantly associated with ICU admission. Findings 582 individuals with PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection were included, with a median age of 5·0 years (IQR 0·5–12·0) and a sex ratio of 1·15 males per female. 145 (25%) had pre-existing medical conditions. 363 (62%) individuals were admitted to hospital. 48 (8%) individuals required ICU admission, 25 (4%) mechanical ventilation (median duration 7 days, IQR 2–11, range 1–34), 19 (3%) inotropic support, and one ( Interpretation COVID-19 is generally a mild disease in children, including infants. However, a small proportion develop severe disease requiring ICU admission and prolonged ventilation, although fatal outcome is overall rare. The data also reflect the current uncertainties regarding specific treatment options, highlighting that additional data on antiviral and immunomodulatory drugs are urgently needed. Funding ptbnet is supported by Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit.

Published
2020

8. Contributors

Author

Robin Abel, Steven H. Abman, Eric Alton, Daniel R. Ambruso, William Carl Anderson, Karthik Balakrishnan, Ian Michael Balfour-Lynn, Anna Bamford, Ronen Bar-Yoseph, Erika Berman-Rosenzweig, Deepika Bhatla, Joshua A. Blatter, R. Paul Boesch, Matias Bruzoni, Andrew Bush, Michael Bye, Kai Håkon Carlsen, Anne B. Chang, Stephanie D. Chao, Michelle Chatwin, Bimal Pankaj Chaudhari, Lyn Chitty, Nicola Collins, Dan M. Cooper, Jonathan Corren, Robin T. Cotton, Andrea Coverstone, Suzanne Crowley, Steve Cunningham, Garry R. Cutting, Dorottya Czovek, Charles L. Daley, Gwyneth Davies, Jane C. Davies, Alessandro de Alarcòn, Emily M. DeBoer, Marietta Morales De Guzman, Sharon D. Dell, Robin Deterding, Gail H. Deutsch, Sunalene Devadason, William Graham Fox Ditcham, Jill Dorsey, Francine M. Ducharme, John Engelhardt, Mark L. Everard, Leland L. Fan, Albert Faro, Thomas Ferkol, Louise Fleming, Angela Mary Fonceca, Hammad A. Ganatra, Amy Michelle Garcia, David Gozal, Diane Gray, Anne Greenough, Uta Griesenbach, Jonathan Grigg, James S. Hagood, Jürg Hammer, Aaron Hamvas, Jonny Harcourt, Pia J. Hauk, Ulrich Heininger, Alexander John Henderson, Marianna M. Henry, Richard J. Hewitt, Heather Young Highsmith, Noah H. Hillman, Heather Ellen Hoch, Jeong S. Hyun, Mas Suhaila Isa, Adam Jaffé, Lance C. Jennings, Alan H. Jobe, Ankur A. Kamdar, Bhushan Katira, Brian P. Kavanagh, James Kemp, Carolyn M. Kercsmar, Leila Kheirandish-Gozal, Wilson King, Paul Kingma, Jennifer Knight-Madden, Alan Paul Knutsen, Alik Kornecki, Usha Krishnan, Geoffrey Kurland, Hugh Simon Lam, Claire Langston, Ada Lee, Margaret W. Leigh, Daniel Lesser, Clare M. Lloyd, Anna Maria Mandalakas, Paulo J.C. Marostica, Stacey L. Martiniano, Jennifer Maybee, Karen M. McDowell, Peter Michelson, Aaron Samuel Miller, Claire Kane Miller, Ayesha Mirza, David R. Murdoch, Christopher J.L. Newth, Andrew Gordon Nicholson, Jerry A. Nick, Christina J. Nicolais, Terry L. Noah, Lawrence M. Nogee, Blakeslee Noyes, Andrew H. Numa, Ann-Christine Nyquist, Hugh O'Brodovich, Matthias Ochs, J. Tod Olin, Øystein Olsen, Catherine Owens, Howard B. Panitch, Hans Pasterkamp, Donald Payne, Scott Pentiuk, Jeremy Prager, Jean-Paul Praud, Andrew P. Prayle, Bernadette Prentice, Philip E. Putnam, Alexandra L. Quittner, Shlomit Radom-Aizik, Suchitra Rao, Mobeen Rathore, Gregory J. Redding, Michael Rutter, Estefany Saez-Flores, Sejal Saglani, Rayfel Schneider, Kenneth O. Schowengerdt, Marcelo C. Scotta, Thomas Semple, Laurie Sherlock, Ram N. Singh, Raymond G. Slavin, Peter Sly, Bjarne Smevik, Keely Garrett Smith, Jonathan Spahr, James M. Stark, Jeffrey R. Starke, Renato T. Stein, Paul C. Stillwell, Dennis C. Stokes, Daniel T. Swarr, Stuart Charles Sweet, Stanley James Szefler, Paul Tambyah, Christelle Xian-Ting Tan, James Temprano, Chad M. Thorson, Bruce C. Trapnell, Brian Michael Varisco, Timothy J. Vece, Harish G. Vyas, Ruth Wakeman, Colin Wallis, Jennifer Wambach, Daniel J. Weiner, Anja M. Werno, Susan E. Wert, Jeffrey A. Whitsett, Robert William Wilmott, Robert E. Wood, Christopher Todd Wootten, Marie Wright, Sarah Wright, Rae S.M. Yeung, Takeshi Yoshida, Carolyn Young, Lisa R. Young, Heather J. Zar, Pamela Leslie Zeitlin, and David Zielinski

Published
2019
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10. Contributors

Author

Robin Michael Abel, Steven H. Abman, Mutasim Abu-Hasan, Najma N. Ahmed, Samina Ali, Adrianne Alpern, Eric F.W.F. Alton, Daniel R. Ambruso, M. Innes Asher, Ian M. Balfour-Lynn, Peter J. Barnes, Robyn J. Barst, Leslie L. Barton, Deepika Bhatla, R. Paul Boesch, Matias Bruzoni, Andrew Bush, Michael R. Bye, Robert G. Castile, Anne B. Chang, Michelle Chatwin, Chih-Mei Chen, Lyn S. Chitty, Allan L. Coates, Misty Colvin, Dan M. Cooper, Jonathan Corren, Robin T. Cotton, James E. Crowe, Garry R. Cutting, Jane C. Davies, Gwyneth Davies, Stephanie D. Davis, Alessandro de Alarcon, Marietta M. de Guzman, Michael R. DeBaun, Sharon D. Dell, Robin R. Deterding, Gail H. Deutsch, Michelle Duggan, Peter R. Durie, Eamon Ellwood, Leland L. Fan, Marie Farmer, Albert Faro, Thomas W. Ferkol, David E. Geller, W. Paul Glezen, David Gozal, Anne Greenough, James S. Hagood, Jürg Hammer, Jonny Harcourt, Ulrich Heininger, Marianna M. Henry, Peter W. Heymann, Alan H. Jobe, Richard B. Johnston, Sebastian L. Johnston, Michael Kabesch, Meyer Kattan, Brian P. Kavanagh, Lisa N. Kelchner, James S. Kemp, Andrew Kennedy, Carolyn M. Kercsmar, Leila Kheirandish-Gozal, Cara I. Kimberg, Paul S. Kingma, Terry Paul Klassen, Alan P. Knutsen, Alik Kornecki, Thomas M. Krummel, Geoffrey Kurland, Claire Langston, Ada Lee, Margaret W. Leigh, Daniel J. Lesser, Sooky Lum, Anna M. Mandalakas, Paulo J.C. Marostica, Robert B. Mellins, Peter H. Michelson, Claire Kane Miller, Anthony D. Milner, Ayesha Mirza, Miriam F. Moffatt, Mark Montgomery, Gavin C. Morrisson, Gary A. Mueller, Vadivelam Murthy, Joseph J. Nania, Manjith Narayanan, Dan Nemet, Christopher Newth, Andrew G. Nicholson, Terry L. Noah, Lawrence M. Nogee, Blakeslee Noyes, Andrew Numa, Hugh O'Brodovich, Matthias Ochs, Øystein E. Olsen, Catherine M. Owens, Howard B. Panitch, Nikolaos G. Papadopoulos, Hans Pasterkamp, Donald Payne, Scott Pentiuk, Thomas A.E. Platts-Mills, Timothy A. Plerhoples, Amy C. Plint, Jean-Paul Praud, Phil E. Putnam, Alexandra L. Quittner, Shlomit Radom-Aizik, Mobeen H. Rathore, Gregory J. Redding, Erika Berman Rosenzweig, Marc Rothenberg, Michael J. Rutter, Rayfel Schneider, L. Barry Seltz, Hye-Won Shin, Michael Silverman, Chrysanthi L. Skevaki, Raymond G. Slavin, Jonathan Spahr, James M. Stark, Jeffrey R. Starke, Renato T. Stein, Janet Stocks, Dennis C. Stokes, Robert C. Strunk, Jennifer M.S. Sucre, Stuart Sweet, James Temprano, Bradley T. Thach, Bruce C. Trapnell, Athanassios Tsakris, Jacob Twiss, Timothy Vece, Ruth Wakeman, Colin Wallis, Miles Weinberger, Daniel J. Weiner, Susan E. Wert, Jeffrey A. Whitsett, J. Paul Willging, Saffron A. Willis-Owen, Robert E. Wood, Jamie L. Wooldridge, Peter F. Wright, Sarah Wright, Carolyn Young, Lisa R. Young, Heather J. Zar, and Pamela L. Zeitlin

Published
2012
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11. Autorinnen und Autoren

Author

Wiebke Ahrens, Michael A. Baumann, Rolf Behrens, Bernd H. Belohradsky, Hansjosef Böhles, Jürgen H. Brämswig, Ulrich Brandl, Rolf E. Brenner, Konrad Brockmeier, Rainer Büscher, Michael Diestelhorst, Gerd Dockter, Manfred Döpfner, Helmuth Günther Dörr, Hans Edmund Eckel, Peter Edelmann, Franz F. Eifinger, Udo H. Engelmann, Manigé Fartasch, Dietrich Feist, Gerhard Gaedicke, Manfred Gahr, Gerd Ganser, Alexander von Gontard, Klaus-Peter Grosse, Annette Grüters-Kieslich, Berthold P. Hauffa, Ulrich Heininger, Peter Herkenrath, Michael Hofbeck, Reinhard W. Holl, Alexander M. Holschneider, Bernd Hoppe, Hans-Iko Huppertz, Gabriele Jopp-Petzinna, Bärbel Kahl-Nieke, Klaus-Michael Keller, Martin Kirschstein, Günter Klaus, Lars Klinge, Berthold Koletzko, Sibylle Koletzko, Martin Konrad, Bernhard Korge, Christof Land, Heinz Lauffer, Gerd Lehmkuhl, Michael J. Lentze, Bernhard Lettgen, Christoph Licht, Esther Lowden, Johannes Luckhaus, Dietrich Michalk, Jan Müller-Berghaus, Dirk E. Müller-Wiefel, Emil G. Naumann, Gerhard Neuhäuser, Walter Nützenadel, Ekkehart Paditz, Carl-Joachim Partsch, Karl Paul, Frank Pillekamp, Uwe Querfeld, Michael B. Ranke, Wolfgang Rascher, Frank Riedel, Ernst Rietschel, Bernhard Roth, Walter Rüssmann, Jürgen Rütt, Ulrike Schauseil-Zipf, Eckhard Schönau, Elke Schubert, Bernd Schwahn, Lothar Schweigerer, Hannsjörg W. Seyberth, Thorsten Simon, Helmut Singer, Gernot H.G. Sinnecker, Stephan Sollberg, Wolfgang Sperl, Georg Mathias Sprinzl, Michael Streppel, Anton H. Sutor†, Michael A. Überall, Herbert E. Ulmer, Thomas Voit, Martin Wabitsch, Ulrich Wahn, Siegfried Waldegger, Martin Walger, Hasso von Wedel, Ulla-Christiane von Wedel, Michael Weiß, Gerhard Weißbach, Brigitte Widemann, Stefan Wirth, Joachim E. Zöller, and Torsten Zuberbier

Published
2011
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13. Interpretation of primary care physicians' attitude regarding rotavirus immunisation using diffusion of innovation theories

Author

Christoph Aebi, Bernard Vaudaux, Philipp Agyeman, Christoph Berger, Ulrich Heininger, Daniel Desgrandchamps, Claire-Anne Siegrist, Alessandro Diana, University of Zurich, and Aebi, C

Subjects
Questionnaires, Male, Pediatrics, Multivariate analysis, 3400 General Veterinary, medicine.disease_cause, Rotavirus Infections/*prevention & control, 2400 General Immunology and Microbiology, Surveys and Questionnaires, Rotavirus, Models, Statistical, education.field_of_study, ddc:618, Rotavirus Vaccines/administration & dosage/*immunology, Data assessment, Physicians, Family, Infectious Diseases, Child, Preschool, Molecular Medicine, Female, Attitude of Health Personnel, Switzerland, medicine.medical_specialty, Population, 610 Medicine & health, Primary care, Health care insurance, Rotavirus Infections, medicine, Humans, education, Internet, General Veterinary, General Immunology and Microbiology, Descriptive statistics, business.industry, Network on, Infant, Newborn, Rotavirus Vaccines, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Infant, 2739 Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, 2725 Infectious Diseases, 10036 Medical Clinic, 1313 Molecular Medicine, Family medicine, Diffusion of Innovation, business
Abstract

To evaluate primary care physicians' attitude towards implementation of rotavirus (RV) immunisation into the Swiss immunisation schedule, an eight-question internet-based questionnaire was sent to the 3799 subscribers of InfoVac, a nationwide web-based expert network on immunisation issues, which reaches >95% of paediatricians and smaller proportions of other primary care physicians. Five demographic variables were also inquired. Descriptive statistics and multivariate analyses for the main outcome "acceptance of routine RV immunisation" and other variables were performed. Diffusion of innovation theory was used for data assessment. Nine-hundred seventy-seven questionnaires were returned (26%). Fifty percent of participants were paediatricians. Routine RV immunisation was supported by 146 participants (15%; so called early adopters), dismissed by 620 (64%), leaving 211 (21%) undecided. However, when asked whether they would recommend RV vaccination to parents if it were officially recommended by the federal authorities and reimbursed, 467 (48.5%; so called early majority) agreed to recommend RV immunisation. Multivariate analysis revealed that physicians who would immunise their own child (OR: 5.1; 95% CI: 4.1-6.3), hospital-based physicians (OR: 1.6; 95% CI: 1.1-2.3) and physicians from the French (OR: 1.6; 95% CI: 1.2-2.3) and Italian speaking areas of Switzerland (OR: 2.5; 95% CI: 1.1-5.8) were more likely to support RV immunisation. Diffusion of innovation theory predicts a >80% implementation if approximately 50% of a given population support an innovation. Introduction of RV immunisation in Switzerland is likely to be successful, if (i) the federal authorities issue an official recommendation and (ii) costs are covered by basic health care insurance.

Published
2009
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14. CONTRIBUTORS

Author

John G. Aaskov, Susan M. Abdel-Rahman, Christoph Aebi, Marvin E. Ament, Marsha S. Anderson, Stephen S. Arnon, Ann M. Arvin, Jane T. Atkins, Robert L. Atmar, Carol J. Baker, Robert S. Baltimore, Stephen J. Barenkamp, Elizabeth D. Barnett, Robert D. Basow, William R. Beisel, Beth P. Bell, Gil Benard, David I. Bernstein, Kathrin M. Bernt, Andrea A. Berry, Charles D. Bluestone, Jeffrey L. Blumer, Robert Bortolussi, Bobby L. Boyanton, Kenneth M. Boyer, John S. Bradley, Michael T. Brady, William J. Britt, Annemarie Broderick, David E. Bronstein, David A. Bruckner, Steven C. Buckingham, Ana Burgos, Carrie L. Byington, Judith R. Campbell, Samson Cantu, Mariam R. Chacko, Louisa E. Chapman, Rémi N. Charrel, Tempe K. Chen, James D. Cherry, P. Joan Chesney, Madhuri C. Chilakapati, Javier Chinen, Natascha Ching, H. Fred Clark, Thomas G. Cleary, David K. Coats, Armando G. Correa, J. Thomas Cross, William B. Cutrer, Ronald Dagan, David E. Dassey, Jeffrey P. Davis, Gail J. Demmler-Harrison, Penelope H. Dennehy, Minh L. Doan, Simon R. Dobson, Jan E. Drutz, Paul H. Edelstein, Kathryn M. Edwards, Morven S. Edwards, B. Keith English, Dora Estripeaut, Leland L. Fan, Ralph D. Feigin, George D. Ferry, Anthony E. Fiore, Philip R. Fischer, Randall G. Fisher, Patricia M. Flynn, Thomas R. Flynn, Lisa M. Frenkel, Ellen M. Friedman, Richard A. Friedman, Lynne S. Garcia, Patrick J. Gavin, Michael A. Gerber, Anne A. Gershon, Mark A. Gilger, Susan L. Gillespie, Daniel G. Glaze, W. Paul Glezen, Mary P. Glodé, Donald A. Goldmann, Ellie J.C. Goldstein, Nira A. Goldstein, Edmond T. Gonzales, Mark P. Gorman, Michael D. Green, David Greenberg, Andreas H. Groll, Charles Grose, Duane J. Gubler, Roberto A. Guerrero, Javier Nieto Guevara, Kathleen M. Gutierrez, Caroline Breese Hall, Scott B. Halstead, Shinjiro Hamano, Richard J. Hamill, Margaret R. Hammerschlag, I. Celine Hanson, Nada Harik, Rick E. Harrison, C. Mary Healy, Ulrich Heininger, Gloria P. Heresi, Peter W. Hiatt, Harry R. Hill, David C. Hilmers, Jill A. Hoffman, Ellis K.L. Hon, Margaret K. Hostetter, Peter J. Hotez, Walter T. Hughes, Kristina G. Hulten, David A. Hunstad, Eugene S. Hurwitz, W. Charles Huskins, David Y. Hyun, Mary Anne Jackson, Michael R. Jacobs, Richard F. Jacobs, Jenifer L. Jaeger, Ravi R. Jhaveri, Samantha Johnston, Maureen M. Jonas, Meena R. Julapalli, Edward L. Kaplan, Sheldon L. Kaplan, Saul J. Karpen, Gregory L. Kearns, Margaret A. Keller, Chaouki K. Khoury, Martin B. Kleiman, Jerome O. Klein, Mark W. Kline, Katherine M. Knapp, Heidi M. Kokkinos, Peter J. Krause, Leonard R. Krilov, Paul Krogstad, Thomas L. Kuhls, Xavier de Lamballerie, Timothy R. La Pine, Matthew B. Laurens, Charles T. Leach, Robert J. Leggiadro, Diana R. Lennon, Carolyn Lentzsch-Parcells, Eric Leroy, Chi Wai Leung, Moise L. Levy, Karen Lewis, Phyllis T. Losikoff, Timothy Edward Lotze, Adam W. Lowry, Timothy Mailman, Susan A. Maloney, Laurene Mascola, Edward O. Mason, David O. Matson, Alan N. Mayer, Marc A. Mazade, James B. McAuley, George H. McCracken, Kenneth McIntosh, James E. McJunkin, Kelly T. McKee, Rima L. McLeod, Valérie A. McLin, Maria José Soares Mendes-Giannini, Wayne M. Meyers, Marian G. Michaels, Ian C. Michelow, Vladana Milisavljevic, Aaron M. Miller, James N. Miller, Marjorie J. Miller, James N. Mills, Linda L. Minnich, Ann Moran, James R. Murphy, Pratip K. Nag, Joseph J. Nania, James P. Nataro, Roger K. Nicome, Karin Nielsen-Saines, Delma J. Nieves, Richard A. Oberhelman, Theresa J. Ochoa, Christopher M. Oermann, Alina Olteanu, Gary D. Overturf, Debra L. Palazzi, Pia S. Pannaraj, Janak A. Patel, Christian C. Patrick, Evelyn A. Paysse, Norma Pérez, C.J. Peters, William A. Petri, Brandon Lane Phillips, Larry K. Pickering, Joseph F. Piecuch, Francisco P. Pinheiro, Stanley A. Plotkin, Scott L. Pomeroy, Alice Pong, David L. Pugatch, Joan S. Purcell, Ramya Ramraj, Jack S. Remington, Carina A. Rodriguez, José R. Romero, Benjamin A. Ross, Lawrence A. Ross, Judith L. Rowen, Charles E. Rupprecht, Xavier Sáez-Llorens, Lisa Saiman, Joseph W. St. Geme, Pablo J. Sánchez, Laura A. Sass, Carlos A. Sattler, Danica J. Schulte, Gordon E. Schutze, Filiz O. Seeborg, Eugene D. Shapiro, Nina L. Shapiro, William T. Shearer, Ziad M. Shehab, Jerry L. Shenep, W. Donald Shields, Robyn Shimizu-Cohen, Stanford T. Shulman, Constantine Simos, Arnold L. Smith, Jason S. Soden, Mary Allen Staat, Jeffrey R. Starke, Barbara W. Stechenberg, William J. Steinbach, Paul G. Steinkuller, E. Richard Stiehm, Stephanie H. Stovall, Jeffrey Suen, Ciro V. Sumaya, Andrea P. Summer, Douglas S. Swanson, Tina Q. Tan, Herbert B. Tanowitz, Robert B. Tesh, Philip Toltzis, Richard G. Topazian, Michael F. Tosi, Amelia P.A. Travassos da Rosa, Theodore F. Tsai, Tulio A. Valdez, Jesus G. Vallejo, John A. Vanchiere, Pedro Fernando da C. Vasconcelos, Jorge J. Velarde, James Versalovic, Ellen R. Wald, Douglas S. Walsh, Edward E. Walsh, Thomas J. Walsh, Mark A. Ward, Richard L. Ward, Michelle Weinberg, Robert C. Welliver, J. Gary Wheeler, A. Clinton White, Suzanne Whitworth, Bernhard L. Wiedermann, Natalie Williams-Bouyer, Murray Wittner, Charles R. Woods, Kimberly G. Yen, Ram Yogev, Edward J. Young, and Theoklis E. Zaoutis

Published
2009
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15. Autorinnen und Autoren

Author

Michael Beck, Frank Berthold, Ralf Bialek, Uta Bierbach, Michael Borte, Ulrich Brandl, Reiner Buchhorn, Guido Bürk, Stefan Burdach, Martin Burdelski, Marcus Dahlheim, Uta Dirksen, Jörg Dötsch, Walter Dorsch, Stefan Eber, Andreas Eicken, Lars Fischer, Jürgen Föll, Reiner Frank, Franz Joseph, Hans Peter, Ulrich Göbel, Norbert Graf, Bodo Grimbacher, Andreas Groll, Ulrich Hagenah, Ulrich Heininger, Alexander Hemprich, Barbara Hero, Beate Herpertz-Dahlmann, Egbert Herting, Gabriele Hessling, Olaf Hiort, Ulrich Hofmann, Hans-Iko Huppertz, Heribert Jürgens, Thomas Michael Kapellen, Matthias Kappler, Thomas Klingebiel, Gerhard Kluger, Ina Knerr, Dieter Körholz, Ewa Koscielniak, Christof Kramm, Martina Krauss-Haas, Joachim Kreuder, Anne Krümpel, Manfred Kudernatsch, Christiane Lex, Hermann Lindemann, Ulrike Lükewille, Esther M. Maier, Karl Mantel, Christine Mauz-Körholz, Otto Mehls, Andreas Merkenschlager, Ulrich Merz, Ania Carolina Muntau, Heidrun Müller, Thomas Müller, Wolfgang Müller-Felber, Erika von Mutius, Petra Nickel, Thomas Nicolai, Tim Niehues, Gerhard Niemann, Charlotte M. Niemeyer, Michele Noterdaeme, Ulrike Nowak-Göttl, Christina Ortmann, Karl P. Paul, Thomas Paul, Roland Pfäffle, Christian Plank, Christian F. Poets, Raymund Pothmann, Torsten Prietzel, Klemens Raile, Vera Raile, Wolfgang Rascher, Paul Reinhold, Ellen Renner, Annette Richter-Unruh, Joachim Roesler, Holger Römpler, Bernhard Roth, Andreas Schaper, Dieter Schlamp, Achim A. Schmaltz, Heinrich Schmidt, Eckhard Schönau, Torsten Schöneberg, Martin Schöning, Dietmar Schranz, Ingram Schulze-Neick, Volker Schuster, Dietrich von Schweinitz, Nicolaus Schwerk, Konrad Seller, Oliver Semler, Werner Siekmeyer, Thorsten Simon, Stephan Springer, Ina Sterker, Michael Sticherling, Rainer Strotmann, Anke Süß, Edelhard Thoms, Holm Uhlig, Kurt Ullrich, Hans Versmold, Katharina Vezyroglou, Isolde Wachter, Bettina Westhoff, Regina Wieland, Alexander Wild, Helmut Willgerodt, Magdalena Wojan, Johannes Wolff, and Elke Wühl

Published
2007
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17. Contributors

Author

Robin Michael Abel, Steven H. Abman, Mutasim N. Abu-Hasan, Najma N. Ahmed, Daniel R. Ambruso, Raouf S. Amin, Robert J. Arceci, M. Innes Asher, Ian M. Balfour-Lynn, Peter J. Barnes, Robyn J. Barst, Leslie L. Barton, Pierre-Yves Berclaz, Thomas F. Boat, Itzhak Brook, James W. Brooks, Andrew Bush, Michael R. Bye, Emmanuel Canet, Todd C. Carpenter, Robert G. Castile, Anne B. Chang, Victor Chernick, Lyn S. Chitty, Allan L. Coates, Giuseppe N. Colasurdo, Misty Colvin, Dan M. Cooper, Jonathan Corren, Robin T. Cotton, James E. Crowe, Garry R. Cutting, Cori Daines, Jane C. Davies, Jonathan M. Davis, Pamela B. Davis, Robert Dinwiddie, Emily L. Dobyns, Michelle Duggan, Peter R. Durie, Anthony G. Durmowicz, Joanne Embree, Leland L. Fan, Philip M. Farrell, David Gozal, Cameron Grant, Anne Greenough, Jürg Hammer, Jonny Harcourt, Ulrich Heininger, Marianna M. Henry, Peter W. Heymann, Ellis K.L. Hon, Alan H. Jobe, Richard B. Johnston, Sebastian L. Johnston, Meyer Kattan, Brian P. Kavanagh, James S. Kemp, Carolyn M. Kercsmar, Leila Kheirandish, Jennifer Knight-Madden, Alan P. Knutsen, Thomas M. Krummel, Claire Langston, Ada S. Lee, Margaret W. Leigh, Ann Marie LeVine, Albert Martin Li, Gerald M. Loughlin, Anna M. Mandalakas, Paulo J.C. Marostica, Robert B. Mellins, Mark Montgomery, Samira Mubareka, Thomas M. Murphy, Joseph J. Nania, Christopher J.L. Newth, Andrew G. Nicholson, Terry L. Noah, Lawrence M. Nogee, Blakeslee E. Noyes, Andrew H. Numa, Hugh O'Brodovich, Christopher O'Callaghan, Øystein E. Olsen, Catherine M. Owens, Nikolaos G. Papadopoulos, Hans Pasterkamp, Thomas A.E. Platts-Mills, Arnold C.G. Platzker, Jean-Paul Praud, Stelios Psarras, Mobeen H. Rathore, Gregory J. Redding, Michael J. Rock, Erika Berman Rosenzweig, Michael J. Rutter, L. Barry Seltz, Amir H. Shahlaee, David Sigalet, Samatha Sonnappa, Chaim Springer, James M. Stark, Jeffrey R. Starke, Renato T. Stein, Kurt R. Stenmark, Janet Stocks, Dennis C. Stokes, James Temprano, Bradley T. Thach, Bruce C. Trapnell, Colin Wallis, Miles Weinberger, Susan E. Wert, John B. West, Jeffrey A. Whitsett, Robert W. Wilmott, Mary Ellen B. Wohl, Robert E. Wood, Peter F. Wright, and Pamela L. Zeitlin

Published
2006
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18. Pertussis and Other Bordetella Infections of the Respiratory Tract

Author

Ulrich Heininger

Subjects
Bordetella pertussis, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, biology, business.industry, medicine.disease, Active immunization, biology.organism_classification, Microbiology, Bordetella Infections, Pneumonia, medicine.anatomical_structure, Respiratory failure, Vomiting, medicine, Leukocytosis, medicine.symptom, business, Whooping cough, Respiratory tract
Abstract

Pertussis or whooping cough is an acute bacterial infection of the respiratory tract, caused by Bordetella pertussis and, less frequently, by B. parapertussis. It occurs worldwide, affects all age groups, and is most serious in young, unprotected infants. Due to underconsulting, underrecognition, underdiagnosis, and underreporting of cases, incidence rates vary considerably by country and region. Disease characteristics vary by age and underlying immunity, from mild, unspecific cough to typical pertussis, a three-stage illness, comprising catarrhal, paroxysmal, and convalescent phases. In typical cases, cyanosis, neck vein distention, bulging eyes, tongue protrusion, salivation, lacrimation, sweating, and posttussive vomiting of food or viscous mucus occur whereas fever is usually minimal or absent. There is a wide spectrum of complications of pertussis, most of which predominantly occur in young infants: pneumonia, respiratory failure due to hyperleukocytosis, apnea, and encephalopathy being most serious. Specific PCR applied to nasopharyngeal secretions or induced sputum allows rapid diagnosis. Treatment consists of macrolides, which can ameliorate symptoms when given early during the course of disease, and general support and exchange transfusion (to reduce leukocytosis) and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in serious cases. Active immunization is the most effective prevention, usually with acellular pertussis component vaccines (containing various numbers and quantities of B. pertussis antigens). The primary series should start early in infancy (6–8 weeks of age), followed by life-long boosters to reinforce waning immunity. Recently, immunization in pregnant women has been shown to be most efficient in preventing serious pertussis in infants too young to be protected by active immunization.

Published
2006
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